Thursday, March 28, 2024
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Beans Farming (Phaseolus vulgaris) Complete Growing Guide for High Yields

Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) are staple crops in many parts of the world. They are inexpensive and nutritious and can be grown in a variety of climates. 

There are different ways by which it is called in other native ways such as the Yorubas, Igbos, and the Hausas in Nigeria.

While it is called “Awọn Ẹwà” in the Yoruba tribe, the Igbos called it “Agidi”, and it is also called

“Wake” by the Hausas. However, Nigeria is not the only available country in the world where beans can be found. 

Moreover, we have countries like India, Myanmar, Brazil, and America that yield a variety of beans annually. In Myanmar, the Burmese which is the most spoken local Language is called “Pell”, while in India, it is called “Red Chori” in Hindi.

Beans are an important part of many cuisines around the world, and they are an excellent source of protein and fiber. However, it’s hard to know much about the origins of the different beans, which can range widely in taste and color.

There are many sorts of beans that are grown in different regions of the World. The beans are available in different forms such as green, yellow, red, and black, so beans are generally differentiated based on color, moreover, every country has its origin of how beans originated. 

The beans that we consume every day are far more than mere foodstuff. They have been a part of human diet and culture for centuries. Beans are so healthy and so tasty.

They are found in every cuisine around the world and are the cheapest and most nutritious of all the pulses. They are high in protein, fiber, B-complex vitamins and minerals, and are a good source of B12 and complete protein.

Read Also: Comprehensive Guide on Dry Beans Production

Beans Complete Care Guide: How to Take Good Care of Your Beans

Beans Farming (Phaseolus vulgaris) Complete Growing Guide for High Yields

Enjoy your beans more, and longer, with this complete care guide Includes light requirements, water density, temperature, as well fertilizer, and manure requirements.

(1) Light Requirements for Growing Beans

The right light, the right soil, and the right time of year are all important factors in the success of your bean plants. Beans are a complex crop that ripens over a long period. 

They are a rich source of carbohydrates, protein, and fiber, however, they also have a low amount of fat. 

When it comes to taking good care of your beans, light is one of the most important factors in the growth and development of plants. For beans to grow, light must reach them. For this reason, beans require light to be exposed to growth.

How much light is enough for beans? This is a question asked by most.

The amount of light required for beans to grow is critical to achieving a good yield. However, different beans need varying amounts of light to produce.

For example, pole beans need more light than bush beans. Most of the beans require about 4 hours of light a day, but some need as much as 8 hours.

(2) Water Requirement for Growing Beans

Water is a key factor in growing beans. It helps determine the size of the bean pods, and their ability to produce seeds. It determines the strength of the plant and the flavor of the bean.

For beans to grow well in soil, water should be about 2.5 times the weight of the beans per day, though, the best time to grow a beans plant is mostly during the rainy season where there will be enough water for it.

Read Also: SoyBeans – It’s Importance and Health Benefits

(3) Beans Temperature Requirements

The USDA’s cold storage recommendations state that, unlike other seeds and grains, beans should be held at temperatures between 38 and 41 degrees Fahrenheit – Bean seeds need the right conditions for germination to be successful.

The average temperature for germination for the bean seeds is 20°C (68°F). The temperature for germination will vary based on the type of bean, the temperature at the location where the seeds were stored, and the numerous beans available.

(4) Beans Fertilizer and Manure Requirements

Beans are a versatile crop that does well in many different climates, producing a high yield of dry beans. They also require minimal soil preparation and provide a steady supply of beans for over a year. Beans are a good source of protein, fiber, iron, zinc, and vitamin C.

Today, there are two main types of fertilizers used in agriculture: compost, and chemical fertilizers.  

  • Chemical fertilizers include nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and phosphorous fertilizer.  
  • Compost is a biological process and is made of organic materials. 

Beans need a lot of work to become edible. But if you are going to use them for food, you will have to make sure that you have the proper tools and the best fertilizer – they are a great and inexpensive source of nitrogen.

In their natural form, beans contain little or no nitrogen and must be planted in the spring, with manure, to supply the nitrogen that plants need for healthy growth.

Read Also: Health Benefits of Beans and Why you should eat Beans

Beans Methods of Propagation

Beans Farming (Phaseolus vulgaris) Complete Growing Guide for High Yields

The beans method of propagation is the easiest and most cost-effective way of starting seedlings in a greenhouse or indoor garden. The beans methods of propagation can be done the following ways:

1. Beans are a welcome addition to any vegetable garden, and the crop is fairly easy to grow. The first method in propagating beans is to get a sunny garden spot within your environment.

The best way to have a sunny garden spot for beans is to plant them in raised beds by using a hoe and shovel. 

2. Create shallow rows by tilling the soil, this will prevent weeds from sprouting in spring.

Tillage is the process of moving soil with a plow. It is used to create a bed for crops, reduce erosion, and improve soil fertility. 

3. Save a lot of time and effort by planting seedlings in rows rather than individual posts, but you must take care to not disturb the roots. Use a trowel to place the seedling roots in the row, with 4 to 6 inches between each seed, and cover the seed with little soil.

4. Then water the soil carefully, watching out for the seed.

5. And lastly, add your fertilizer and manures.

Read Also: 5 Ways to Properly Dispose your Metal Wastes

Beans Problems, Causes, Control and Preventive Measures

A lot of problems arise from growing up of beans, ranging from pest to insects and so on.

However, how can you prevent the problems arising within your garden, what are the causes of these problems and what can you do you prevent them?

Here I will be explaining to you, common problems you are to face when growing a beans crop and how you can control and prevent them.

One of these problems includes bean leaves changing their color to yellow, which are caused by fungus and are also known as Anthracnose.

To prevent this problem from occurring, you should ensure that fungus does not affect your crops by applying fungicide spray within your garden.

Another common problem you will face while growing your beans plants are flowers not growing as it should be. This problem results from your beans not getting the acquired amount of sunlight and water.

To prevent this problem ensure your beans plants are receiving the acquired amount of sunlight and water they should be receiving daily.

Moreover, there are more problems beans faces while growing that you should avoid, but these are the common problem mostly faced by individuals. 

Read Also: How to Graft an Avocado Tree to Produce Avocado Fruit

Beans Maturity, Harvesting, and Storage

Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris): Complete Growing Guide for High Yields

How can you know your beans are matured enough for harvesting and what are the procedures involved when storing your beans after harvesting?

This moment for an individual is the most joyful, the moment of harvesting what you have long waited for to grow.

(1) Beans Maturity 

How can you know your beans are matured enough for harvesting? That is the main question, which many times we don’t know. Nowadays, there are many ways of determining the maturity of beans. 

Among the ways of determining the maturity of your beans are when they have a hard, green exterior and a yellowish, uniform, dry and wrinkled skin. 

Another way you can tell that your beans are fully mature enough to harvest is by examining the pods. The beans should be completely dry and their skins should be completely brown. If you recently harvested the beans, then you will have to wait a little bit before you can pick them.

(2) Harvesting Your Beans

There are many ways to harvest and dry your beans, but the easiest and most efficient method is to use a drying screen.

A drying screen is a screen that is suspended in the air and allows air to flow through it, forcing out moisture and leaving behind the dried beans.

(3) Beans Storage

After harvesting your beans you can’t just keep them, you have to store them ensuring their safety, preventing them from bugs, and so on. But how can you store your beans?

The best way you can store your beans is to ensure it is kept in a dry and cool place. However, this is what is recommended by most, but my grandma has our unique ways of storing our beans.

She used to store them in a container after drying them. Though not only storing them, she also adds dry pepper to her beans ensuring no insect will survive being in the container.

Read Also: Unknown Amazing Health Benefits of Eating Amala

Do you have any question, suggestion or other contributions? kindly use the comment box provided below for all your contributions. You are also encouraged to please kindly share this article with others you feel can benefit from this information if found useful enough as we may not be able to reach everyone at the same time. Thank you so much for sharing!

Agric4Profits

Benadine Nonye is an agricultural consultant and a writer with over 12 years of professional experience in the agriculture industry. - National Diploma in Agricultural Technology - Bachelor's Degree in Agricultural Science - Master's Degree in Science Education... Visit My Websites On: 1. Agric4Profits.com - Your Comprehensive Practical Agricultural Knowledge and Farmer’s Guide Website! 2. WealthinWastes.com - For Effective Environmental Management through Proper Waste Management and Recycling Practices! Join Me On: Twitter: @benadinenonye - Instagram: benadinenonye - LinkedIn: benadinenonye - YouTube: Agric4Profits TV and WealthInWastes TV - Pinterest: BenadineNonye4u - Facebook: BenadineNonye

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