Boophone, nke sayensị maara dị ka Boophone disticha, bụ osisi na-adọrọ adọrọ nke nwere ụdị ọgwụ dị iche iche nke amatagoro kemgbe ọtụtụ narị afọ. Osisi a na-agbanwe agbanwe, nke a makwaara dị ka “Bushmans Poison” ma ọ bụ “Hottentots Bread,” nwere ọtụtụ uru ahụike na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe bara uru na nkà mmụta ọgwụ ọdịnala.
Boophone nwere usoro siri ike na nke na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ebe nchekwa nke nri dị mkpa na ogige bioactive. Bọlbụ ahụ buru ibu ma kpuchie ya na akwa akwa akwa akwụkwọ na-echebe ma na-echekwa ihe ndị bara uru.
Akwụkwọ nke Boophone na-agbatị na eriri, na-esite na bọlbụ ahụ ozugbo. Akwụkwọ ndị a nwere ike ịdịgasị iche n’ogologo, na-eru ihe ruru 60 centimeters ma ọ bụ karịa, ma ha nwere agba akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ miri emi nke dị nnọọ iche na nke gbara ya gburugburu.
Inflorescence na-esi n’etiti bọlbụ ahụ pụta, na-amịpụta ogologo ogologo ma sie ike nke nwere ike iru ebe dị elu. Osisi a na-ebu ụyọkọ okooko osisi nwere nkọwa dị mgbagwoju anya na-adọta anya. Okooko osisi ndị ahụ na-egosipụta ụdị agba dị iche iche, site na pink na-acha odo odo ruo na-acha odo odo miri emi, na-agbakwunye mpụta nke ọma na ọdịdị osisi ahụ n’ozuzu ya.
A na-eji okooko osisi Boophone mara nke ọ bụla n’ụdị petaled isii, na-eme ụdị kpakpando. Petals ndị a gbara gburugburu corona dị n’etiti, nke na-abụkarị agba na-adị iche, na-eme ka ihe ọkụkụ ahụ dịkwuo mma..
Okooko osisi Boophone abụghị naanị ihe na-adọrọ adọrọ kama ọ na-ewepụtakwa ísì ụtọ na-adọrọ adọrọ, na-adọta ndị na-eme mkpọtụ na ndị na-achọ ịmata ihe.
Boophone na-eme nke ọma na mpaghara kpọrọ nkụ na nke kpọrọ nkụ, nke a na-ahụkarị na ala ahịhịa, savannas, na ala okwute. Ikike ya ịtachi obi n’ọnọdụ ndị siri ike bụ ihe na-egosi na ọ na-esi ike.
A na-emegharị osisi ahụ nke ọma ka ọ lanarị ogologo oge nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo, n’ihi ike ya ịchekwa mmiri na nri n’ime bọlbụ ya. Atụmatụ nlanarị a na-enyere Boophone aka ito eto ọbụlagodi na gburugburu ebe siri ike.
Boophone na-ejide mkpa omenala n’etiti obodo ụmụ amaala. A na-eji osisi ahụ eme ihe n’ememe na ememe ọdịnala, na-abụkarị ihe nnọchianya nke nchebe na ọgwụgwọ.
A na-eji alkaloids na-egbu egbu a chọtara na bọlbụ osisi ahụ maka ịchụ nta n’akụkọ ihe mere eme, n’ihi na enwere ike itinye ha n’isi akụ iji mebie ma ọ bụ mee ka anụ ọhịa ghara ịda mbà.
N’ihi ojiji ọdịnala ya na mkpa gburugburu ebe obibi, Boophone na-eche ihe iyi egwu metụtara oke iwe na mmebi obibi..
A na-agba mbọ iji kwalite mmata gbasara ichekwa ụdị a, na-akwado maka omume na-adigide na-echekwa ma osisi na ebe obibi ya.
Uru nri nke Boophone (Boophone disticha)
1. Alkaloids (Lycorine): Lycorine, alkaloid a ma ama, na-egosiputa ihe analgesic na ihe nwere ike igbochi kansa mana ọ na-egbu egbu na oke doses, na-amachi nri nri ya.
2. Alkaloids (Buphanidrine): Buphanidrine egosila mmekọrịta maka ndị na-ebugharị serotonin, na-atụ aro mmetụta antidepressant, ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụghị ihe oriri na-edozi ahụ n’ihi nsị ya.
3. Alkaloids (Buphanamine): Nke a alkaloids na-enye aka na ihe anxiolytic na analgesic nke osisi, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka mgbu mgbu, ma ọ dịghị eri ya dị ka nri.
4. Alkaloids (Distichamine): Distichamine nwere mmetụta antimicrobial na nke nwere ike imetụta ọrịa kansa, na-agbakwunye uru ọgwụ nke osisi ahụ karịa nri nri.
5. Ngwakọta phenolic: Phenolics na Boophone disticha na-enye ọrụ antioxidant, nke nwere ike ichebe megide mmebi ekwentị, n’agbanyeghị na ha abụghị isi nri nri.
6. flavonoids: Flavonoids na-enye aka na mmetụta antioxidant na mgbochi mkpali nke osisi, na-akwado iji ọgwụ eme ihe mana ọ bụghị oriri.
7. Coumarins: Coumarins, nke achọpụtara na bọlbụ na mgbọrọgwụ mgbọrọgwụ, nwere ọgwụ mgbochi na antimicrobial Njirimara, eji ọgwụ eme ihe karịa nri nri.
8. Tannin: Tannins na-enye mmetụta astringent na antimicrobial, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka ọgwụgwọ ọnya, mana ha abụghị akụkụ dị mkpa na-edozi ahụ.
9. Steroid: Steroid dị na Boophone disticha nwere ike itinye aka na mmetụta mgbochi mkpali ya, n’agbanyeghị na ọrụ ha bụ isi ọgwụ.
10. Terpenoids: Terpenoids, dị na obere ego, nwere ike ịkwado ọrụ antimicrobial, mana dị ka ogige ndị ọzọ, a naghị eji ha eme ihe maka oriri na-edozi ahụ n’ihi nsị nke osisi ahụ.
Gụkwuo: Uru ahụike ọgwụ 15 nke Barringtonia Macrostachya (Powder-puff Mangrove)
Uru ahụike ọgwụ nke Boophone (Boophone disticha)
1. Mgbochi mgbu: A na-eji Boophone ebelata ihe mgbu, gụnyere isi ọwụwa, mgbu nkwonkwo, na ahụ mgbu. Alkaloids dị na osisi ahụ nwere mmetụta analgesic nke nwere ike ịkasi ndị nwere mgbu obi.
2. Mmetụta mgbochi mkpali: Njirimara mgbochi mkpali nke Boophone na-eme ka ọ baa uru na ijikwa ọnọdụ mkpali dị ka ogbu na nkwonkwo na ahụ erughị ala metụtara mbufụt.
3. Ahụike iku ume: Ejirila Boophone dozie nsogbu iku ume dị ka ụkwara, oyi na mkpọchi. Ọ nwere ike inye aka mee ka ikuku ikuku na-ewe iwe ma kwalite iku ume dị mfe.
4. Nkwado mgbari nri: Ọgwụ ọdịnala na-eji Boophone enyere mgbari nri ma belata nsogbu mgbaze dị ka mgbaze na afọ ntachi.
5. Ọgwụgwọ ọnya: Na osisi ọgwụ Njirimara ịgbatị ọnya-agwọ ọrịa. E tinyela mịpụta Boophone n’elu iji kwalite ọgwụgwọ nke mbepụ, ọnya na ọrịa akpụkpọ ahụ.
6. Njirimara Antibacterial: Boophone egosipụtala mmetụta nje bacteria megide ụdị nje bacteria dị iche iche, nke nwere ike itinye aka na ojiji ọdịnala ya na njikwa ọrịa.
7. Mbelata ahụ ọkụ: Ejirila Boophone iji belata ahụ ọkụ site n’ịkwalite ọsụsọ na inyere ahụ aka usoro na-ebelata ahụ ọkụ.
8. Nkwado sistemụ akwara: Ndị na-agwọ ọrịa ọdịnala ejirila Boophone dozie nsogbu sistemụ ụjọ, dị ka nchekasị na ụjọ ụjọ.
9. Ahụike obi: Ụfọdụ ọmụmụ na-atụ aro na mwepu Boophone nwere ike ịba uru maka ahụike obi site n’ịkwado ọrụ obi.
10. Mmetụta mgbochi parasitic: A nyochala osisi alkaloids maka ihe ndị nwere ike igbochi nje nje, na-eme Boophone bụrụ isiokwu nwere mmasị na ngalaba parasitology.
Gụkwuo: 6 emezighị emezi iji zere mgbe ị na-eji ọdọ mmiri Tarpaulin maka ịkụ azụ azụ bara uru
Ụzọ eji eme ihe iji nweta uru ahụike enyere nke Boophone (Boophone disticha)
1. Decoction: Ịmepụta decoction gụnyere ịgbanye bọlbụ Boophone akpọnwụwo ma ọ bụ nke ọhụrụ n’ime mmiri iji wepụ ogige ya bara uru. A na-ejikarị usoro a akwadebe teas ma ọ bụ infusions.
Iji mee decoction Boophone, iberi ma ọ bụ gbue bọlbụ ahụ n’ime obere iberibe. Tinye iberibe bọlbụ na ite mmiri. Weta mmiri ahụ na obụpde dị nro ma hapụ ya ka ọ gbanye ihe dịka minit 15-20. Ghichaa mmiri mmiri ahụ ma kwe ka ọ dị jụụ tupu oriri.
2. Tincture: A tincture bụ mwepu mmiri nke Boophone nwere ike were na obere doses. A na-ejikarị tinctures eme ihe site na iji mmanya ma ọ bụ ngwakọta mmanya na mmiri. Iji kwadebe tincture Boophone ma ọ bụ gwerie bọlbụ Boophone akpọnwụwo.
Debe bọlbụ a kụrụ n’ime ite iko. Tinye mmanya (dị ka vodka ma ọ bụ brandi) iji kpuchie ihe ọkụkụ ahụ kpamkpam. Mechie ite ahụ nke ọma ma hapụ ya ka ọ nọdụ n’ebe dị jụụ, gbara ọchịchịrị ruo ọtụtụ izu, na-amanye ya nwayọ kwa ụbọchị.
Mgbe oge maceration gasịrị, gbanye mmiri mmiri ma bufee ya na karama dropper iko nwere tinted ka ọ dị mfe doses.
3. Ngwa isiokwu: Maka ọgwụgwọ ọnya na ihe metụtara akpụkpọ ahụ, enwere ike itinye ihe mpụta Boophone n’elu. Otú ọ dị, ịkpachara anya dị mkpa n’ihi na osisi toxicity. Iji jiri Boophone mee ihe n’elu, dozie poultice ma ọ bụ ude site na ịgwakọta Boophone ntụ ntụ na mmanụ na-ebu ma ọ bụ ntọala eke..
Tinye poultice ma ọ bụ ude na mpaghara ahụ emetụtara, hụ na ọ gaghị abanye na ọnya mepere emepe. Nyochaa akpụkpọ ahụ maka mmeghachi omume ọjọọ ọ bụla ma kwụsị iji ya ma ọ bụrụ na iwe emee.
4. Ọgwụ ọdịnala: N’ụfọdụ omume ọdịnala, enwere ike iji Boophone mee ihe n’ụzọ ụfọdụ, dị ka itinye ya n’ime usoro ahịhịa ma ọ bụ ijikọta ya na ahịhịa ndị ọzọ iji mepụta mmetụta synergistic. Ọ dị mkpa ịchọ nduzi site n’aka ndị na-ahụ maka ahịhịa ma ọ bụ ndị ọkachamara maara nke ọma na ojiji omenala.
5. Atụmatụ usoro onunu ogwu: Ndụmọdụ usoro onunu ogwu maka Boophone nwere ike ịdịgasị iche dabere n’ihe ndị dị ka ahụike mmadụ, afọ, na ihe gbasara ahụike akọwapụtara nke ọma..
N’ihi na osisi na-egbu egbu ọdịdị, ya dị oké mkpa na-amalite na nnọọ obere doses na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-abawanye dị ka mkpa mgbe anya nlekota ọ bụla oghom Jeremaya mere.
6. Nduzi ndị ọkachamara: N’inye nsi nke Boophone nwere ike, a na-atụ aro ya ka gị na onye ọkachamara ahụike ma ọ bụ onye na-ahụ maka ahịhịa tozuru oke kpọtụrụ tupu iji ya maka ebumnuche ọgwụ. Ha nwere ike ịnye ndụmọdụ ahaziri onwe gị dabere na profaịlụ ahụike gị wee duzie gị na ojiji dị mma ma dịkwa mma.
Ihe akaebe sayensị na ọmụmụ ihe gbasara Boophone (Boophone disticha)
1. Ọrụ Antioxidant na Anticancer: Tony et al.. (2020) Tonisi, S., Okaiyeto, K., Mabinya, LV, & amp; Okoh, AI tụlere ihe mgbapụta bọlbụ (chloroform, acetone, ethanol) sitere na Eastern Cape, South Africa. Mwepụta ndị ahụ gosipụtara ọrụ antioxidant dị ukwuu megide DPPH, ABTS, hydrogen peroxide, na radicals nitric oxide, yana mgbochi dabere dose. Ha gosikwara cytotoxicity megide mkpụrụ ndụ HeLa (IC50: 1.5-1.9 µg/mL), na-atụ aro ike dị ka onye na-ahụ maka mgbochi ọrịa kansa.
2. Mmetụta Antibacterial (Cheesman et al., 2012): Cheesman, L., Nair, JJ, & amp; van Staden, J. nwalere mịpụta ethanolic bọlbụ wee hụ ọrụ megide methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, na-akwado ojiji ọdịnala maka ọgwụgwọ ọnya. Ọmụmụ ihe ahụ chọpụtara alkaloids crinane dị ka buphanidrine dị ka isi ihe na-enye aka na mmetụta antibacterial.
3. Ọrụ Anxiolytic (Pote et al., 2018): Pote, W., Tagwireyi, D., & amp; Gadaga, LL nyochara ihe mgbapụta hydroethanolic na ụmụ oke BALB/c. Na 10 mg / kg, wepụ ahụ gosipụtara mmetụta anxiolytic dị ịrịba ama na elu gbakwunyere maze, tụnyere diazepam, na-akwado iji omenala ya maka ọnọdụ ndị metụtara nchegbu.
4. Mmetụta antidepressant (Bonokwane et al., 2023): Bonokwane, MB, Lekhooa, M., Struwig, M., & amp; Aremu, AO chọpụtara na Boophone disticha na-ewepụta mmụba ụbụrụ na-enweta ụbụrụ neurotrophic (BDNF) ma belata ọkwa corticosterone na ụmụ oke ndị a na-amanye nrụgide igwu mmiri, na-egosi mmetụta antidepressant dị ka site na mmekọrịta ndị na-ebugharị serotonin.
5. Serotonin Transporter Affinity (Neergaard et al., 2009): Neergaard, JS, Andersen, J., & amp; Stafford, GI chọpụtara buphanidrine na buphanamine na mpempe akwụkwọ bọlbụ, na-egosi mmekọrịta maka onye na-ebugharị serotonin (SERT) na nyocha njide, na-atụ aro nwere ike ịgwọ nchekasị na ịda mbà n’obi.
Mmetụta dị n’iji osisi ọgwụ Boophone
1. Nsi: Boophone nwere alkaloids, gụnyere buphanidrine na buphanisine, nke nwere ike ịbụ ihe na-egbu egbu na mkpokọta dị elu. Inweta ma ọ bụ itinye nnukwu Boophone nwere ike bute nsị na nsogbu ahụike siri ike. Mmetụta na-egbu egbu na-emetụta usoro mgbari nri, ụjọ, na obi.
2. Ọgbụgbọ na ọgbụgbọ: Inweta Boophone n’oke oke ma ọ bụ na-enweghị nkwadebe kwesịrị ekwesị nwere ike ibute ọgbụgbọ na ọgbụgbọ. Mgbaàmà ndị a nwere ike iso ya na ahụ erughị ala afọ na nhụjuanya eriri afọ.
3. Ọgbụgbọ na afọ mgbu: Iri Boophone n’oke nsi nwere ike bute afọ ọsịsa, stool adịghị mma, na mgbu afọ. Ogige ndị na-egbu egbu osisi nwere ike kpasuo eriri afọ eriri afọ, na-eduga na mgbagha mgbaze.
4. Mmetụta obi obi: Boophones alkaloids nwere ike imetụta usoro obi obi, nke nwere ike ịkpata nkụchi obi na-adịghị ala ala, ụbara obi na-abawanye, na mgbanwe nke ọbara mgbali. Mmetụta ndị a nwere ike ịdị ize ndụ ma nwee ike ịchọ nlekọta ahụike.
5. Mmetụta sistemu ụjọ: Ọgwụ na-egbu egbu nke Boophone nwere ike imetụta sistemu ụjọ ahụ, na-eduga na mgbaàmà dị ka dizziness, mgbagwoju anya, na ọbụna ọdịdọ n’ọnọdụ ndị siri ike. Ekwesịrị ịkpachara anya mgbe ị na-eji Boophone, ọkachasị ma ọ bụrụ na ị nwere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke nsogbu akwara ozi.
6. Iwe iwe: Ngwa dị n’elu nke mwepu Boophone nwere ike ịkpata mgbakasị anụ ahụ, ọbara ọbara na itching, ọkachasị n’ime ndị nwere akpụkpọ ahụ dị nro. Ọ dị mkpa ịme ule patch tupu itinye ngwaahịa Boophone n’akụkụ akpụkpọ ahụ buru ibu.
7. Mmeghachi omume nfụkasị ahụ: Ụfọdụ ndị mmadụ nwere ike na-enwe ihe nfụkasị ụfọdụ akụkụ nke Boophone. Mmeghachi omume nfụkasị ahụ nwere ike ịpụta dị ka ihe nfụkasị akpụkpọ ahụ, hives, ọzịza, na mgbaàmà iku ume dị ka ike iku ume.
8. Ime na inye ara: Ndị inyom dị ime na ndị na-enye nwa ara kwesịrị izere iji Boophone n’ihi ihe ize ndụ ndị nwere ike ime na ogige ya na-egbu egbu. Aghọtachaghị ihe osisi na-emetụta ụmụaka ebu n’afọ na ụmụ ọhụrụ nke ọma ma nwee ike ibute nnukwu nsogbu ahụike.
9. Mmekọrịta ọgwụ: Boophones alkaloids nwere ike iji ọgwụ ụfọdụ na-emekọrịta ihe, gụnyere ndị na-emetụta sistemu obi, sistem ụjọ, ma ọ bụ imeju. Ọ dị mkpa ịkpọtụrụ ọkachamara ahụike tupu iji Boophone n’akụkụ ọgwụ ndenye ọgwụ.
10. Ngbanwe mmetụta uche: Mmetụta uche onye ọ bụla na Boophone nwere ike ịdị iche. Ụfọdụ ndị mmadụ nwere ike nweta mmetụta ọjọọ ọbụna na-eji obere doses, ebe ndị ọzọ nwere ike anabataghị oke ego na-enweghị mgbaàmà ozugbo. Ọ dị mkpa ịbịakwute osisi ahụ na ịkpachara anya ma kwanyere ọdịdị egbu egbu ya.
Ajụjụ ndị dị na Boophone disticha (Osisi osisi/Ọrịa-anya nke narị afọ)
1. Boophone diticha ọ dị mma iji rie maka ebumnuche nri?
Mba, Boophone disticha adịghị mma maka oriri dị ka nri nri n’ihi oke nsi ya. Osisi ahụ nwere alkaloids dị ka lycorine na buphanidrine, nke nwere ike ịkpata mmetụta dị njọ ma ọ bụrụ na ejiri ọnụ rie ya. A na-eji ya eme ihe na ọgwụ ọdịnala n’okpuru ọnọdụ a na-achịkwa.
2. Gịnị bụ ndị bụ isi bioactive ogige na Boophone disticha?
Osisi ahụ nwere alkaloids (lycorine, buphanidrine, buphanamine, distichamine), ogige phenolic, flavonoids, coumarins, tannins, steroid, na terpenoids. Ogige ndị a na-enye aka na akụrụngwa ọgwụ ya, dị ka antioxidant na mmetụta antimicrobial, ma ọ bụghị ihe oriri.
3. Enwere ike iji Boophone disticha agwọ ọrịa?
Ee, ọmụmụ na-egosi na ethanolic bulb extracts nwere antibacterial ọrụ megide Staphylococcus aureus, na-akwado ojiji ọdịnala ya maka ọgwụgwọ ọnya na ọrịa.
4. Boophone disticha nwere uru antioxidant?
Ee, nchọpụta chọpụtara na mkpụrụ osisi bọlbụ na-egosipụta ọrụ antioxidant dị ukwuu megide radicals dị ka DPPH na ABTS, nke nwere ike inye aka belata nrụgide oxidative ma chebe megide mmebi cellular.
5. Boophone disticha ọ dị irè maka ọnọdụ ahụike uche?
Nnyocha, dị ka na-egosi na Boophone disticha nwere mmetụta anxiolytic na antidepressant dị ka ụdị anụmanụ, na-akwado iji omenala ya maka nchekasị na ọnọdụ metụtara nchekasị.
6. Enwere uru ọ bụla metụtara ọrịa kansa nke Boophone disticha?
Mkpokọta bọlbụ ahụ nwere mmetụta cytotoxic megide mkpụrụ ndụ HeLa, na-atụ aro ihe nwere ike igbochi kansa, n’agbanyeghị na achọrọ nyocha ọzọ iji kwado ngwa ụlọ ọgwụ.
7. Gịnị kpatara na-ejighị Boophone diticha mee ihe dị ka ihe mgbakwunye nri?
N’ihi alkaloids ya na-egbu egbu, dị ka lycorine na buphanidrine, Boophone disticha adịghị mma dị ka mgbakwunye nri. Ojiji ọgwụ ọdịnala ya na-agụnye ngwa n’elu ma ọ bụ usoro a na-achịkwa, n’ihi na iri ọnụ nwere ike ibute nsị.
8. Kedu ihe ị ga-akpachapụ anya mgbe ị na-eji Boophone disticha ọgwụ?
N’ihi nsi ya, a ga-eji ya naanị n’okpuru nlekọta ọkachamara. Nnyocha e mere na-egosi mkpa ọ dị iji nlezianya na-eme ihe, n’ihi na alkaloids nwere ike ịkpata mmetụta ọjọọ ma ọ bụrụ na ejiri ya mee ihe n’ụzọ na-ezighị ezi, karịsịa na nkwadebe ọnụ.
Ị nwere ajụjụ, ntụnye ma ọ bụ onyinye ọ bụla? Ọ bụrụ otu a, biko nweere onwe gị iji igbe nkọwa n’okpuru kesaa echiche gị. Anyị na-agbakwa gị ume ka ị jiri obiọma kesaa ozi a n’etiti ndị ọzọ nwere ike irite uru na ya. Ebe ọ bụ na anyị enweghị ike ịgakwuru onye ọ bụla ozugbo, anyị nwere ekele maka enyemaka gị n’ịgbasa okwu ahụ. Daalụ nke ukwuu maka nkwado gị na maka ịkekọrịta!
Nkwuputa: Edemede a bụ naanị maka ebumnuche nkuzi na ozi. Uru ahụike akọwara sitere na nyocha sayensị na ihe ọmụma ọdịnala. Ha abụghị ndị nọchiri anya ndụmọdụ ahụike ọkachamara, nyocha, ma ọ bụ ọgwụgwọ. Gakwuru onye ọkachamara ahụike mgbe niile tupu iji ahịhịa ma ọ bụ ọgwụgwọ eke maka ebumnuche ahụike.
Gụkwuo : Ntuziaka njikwa zuru oke nke Fly Ash