Margaritaria discoidea, inowanzo zivikanwa se Margaritaria kana Mvuvhuhu, chirimwa chakasiyana chinobva kumhuri ye Phyllanthaceae. Muti mudiki kusvika pakati nepakati une maitiro akasiyana anoita kuti umire mumunda wezvirimwa.
Mashizha e Margaritaria discoidea akasvibira uye ane chimiro che eliptical. Akarongwa achitevedzana pamwe chete nemadzinde uye ane chimiro chakajeka. Mashizha anogona kusiyana muhukuru, nemashizha akakura ari 3-10 centimita kureba. Mipendero yemashizha yakatsetseka, uye tsinga dzacho dzakakurumbira, zvichiwedzera kunaka kwechirimwa chose.
Maruva e Margaritaria discoidea haanyatsooneka, asi anoita basa rakakosha mukutenderera kwekuzvara kwechirimwa. Aya maruva madiki, eyero-girinhi anotakurwa mumapoka pamwe chete nematavi. Maruva ega ega haana mashizha anoyevedza asi akagadzirwa zvakanyatsonaka kuti afambise kukumehuka.
Chimwe chezvinhu zvakasiyana zvikuru zve Margaritaria discoidea imhodzi dzayo, dzinopa chirimwa zita raro. Mhodzi dzacho dzakafanana nemaparera, uye kufanana uku ndiko kunobva zita resainzi rekuti “Margaritaria” (“margarita” zvinoreva “parera” muLatin). Aya maphodzi akatenderedza ane mbeu uye chinhu chinoshamisa chechitarisiko chechirimwa.
Mbeu dziri mukati memakapsule emichero midiki uye dzine uso hunopenya, hwakatsetseka. Dzinowanzo fananiswa nemaparera nekuda kwekuonekwa kwadzo, zvichisimbisa zita remazuva ose rechirimwa. Mbeu idzi dzinoita basa rakakosha mukuberekana kwechirimwa, sezvo dzichipararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira mhepo, mvura, kana mhuka.
Margaritaria discoidea inowanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana muAfrica. Inokura zvakanaka munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira masango, savannas, nemapani. Kugona kwechirimwa kuchirongwa chakasiyana-siyana kwakakonzera kupararira kwacho kwose kondinendi.
Munzvimbo dzayo dzekuzvarwa, Margaritaria discoidea ine ukoshi hwetsika netsika. Nharaunda dzenzvimbo dzakaziva mishonga yayo uye dzakaiisa muzviito zvavo zvekuporesa. Kuonekwa kwechirimwa kwakasiyana, kunyanya makapsule ayo “akaita separera”, kwakatungamirirawo mukuiswa kwayo mungano nenyaya.
Tichifunga nezvekupararira kwayo kwose uye kugona kuchinjika, Margaritaria discoidea haitarisirwi kuva pasi pekutyisidzirwa pakarepo. Zvisinei, sezvakaita nemhando dzakawanda dzemiti, kuparadzwa kwenzvimbo dzinogara uye kuchinja mukushandiswa kwenyika kunogona kukanganisa huwandu hwayo. Kuenderera mberi kwekutarisa uye kuedza kuchengetedza kwakakosha kuti tive nechokwadi chekupona kwechirimwa chinoshamisa ichi nezvakanaka zvacho zvakasiyana-siyana.
Verengawo: 20 Zvakanakira Utano Hwekurapa zve Erythrophleum couminga (African Corkwood)
Zvakanakira Utano Hwekurapa zve Margaritaria discoidea (Margaritaria)
1. Mushonga Unouraya Utachiona neHombwe: Mishonga inotorwa kubva kuMargaritaria discoidea ine simba rokuuraya utachiona nehowa. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive mushonga unokosha mukurwisa zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvirwere.
2. Migumisiro Yokudzivisa Kuzvimba: Makemikari anowanikwa mumuti uyu anoratidza migumisiro yokudzivisa kuzvimba. Izvi zvinoita kuti Margaritaria discoidea ive mushonga unobvira wokurapa zvirwere zvokuzvimba zvakadai searithritis nezvimwe zvirwere zvinoratidza kuzvimba.
3. Kuporesa Maronda: Mishonga yechivanhu inowanzoshandisa mishonga inotorwa kubva kuMargaritaria pakurapa maronda. Makemikari emumuti uyu anotendwa kuti anokurumidzisa kupora, anogadzirisa njodzi yezvirwere, uye anobatsira mukuvandudzwa kwematishu.
4. Rubatsiro Rokugaya: Margaritaria discoidea inoshandiswa kugadzirisa zvinetso zvakasiyana-siyana zvokugaya. Zvinhu zvayo zvinonyaradza zvinogona kuderedza kusagadzikana kunokonzerwa nokusindiswa kwezvokudya, kuzvimba, nezvimwe zvinetso zvomudumbu.
5. Kudzivirira Antioxidant: Yakapfuma muma antioxidants, Margaritaria discoidea inobatsira kudzivirira masero kubva mukushushikana kweoxidative nekukuvadzwa kunokonzerwa nema free radicals anokuvadza. Ma antioxidants anoita basa rinokosha mukusimudzira utano hwose uye kugara zvakanaka.
6. Kuvandudza Gadziriro Yezvirwere: Kushandiswa kwechivanhu kweMargaritaria kunoratidza kuti inogona kutsigira kushanda kwegadziriro yezvirwere. Kusimbisa maitiro okudzivirira muviri kunobatsira muviri kurwisa zvirwere uye kuchengetedza utano hwakanaka.
7. Kurapa Fivha: Mune dzimwe nzira dzechivanhu, Margaritaria discoidea yakashandiswa kubatsira kuderedza fivha uye kuderedza zviratidzo zvine chokuita nayo.
8. Kununura Marwadzo Netsika: Mishonga inoderedza marwadzo yemuti uyu inogona kununura kubva kumarwadzo akasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira musoro nemarwadzo emuviri.
9. Utano hweMafemero: Mishonga yeMargaritaria inoshandiswa kugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu ekufema akadai sekukosora, bronchitis, uye kusagadzikana kwezvimwe zvekufema.
10. Migumisiro Inogona Kurwisa Chirwere cheShuga: Kumwe kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti Margaritaria discoidea inogona kuita basa mukugadzirisa chirwere cheshuga nekubatsira kudzikamisa shuga yeropa. Nekudaro, ongororo yakadzama inodiwa kuti unzwisise zvizere kushanda kwayo.
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Nzira dzeKushandisa nadzo Kuti Uwane Zvakanakira Utano Zvinopihwa neMargaritaria discoidea (Margaritaria)
1. Miti yeHerbal: Imwe yenzira dzakakurumbira dzekushandisa Margaritaria discoidea ndeyekugadzirira miti yemishonga. Kuti ugadzire tii, mashizha akaomeswa, midzi, kana hunde zvinobikwa mumvura. Iyo infusion inokonzerwa inozosefa uye inodyiwa sechinwiwa chinodziya kana chakatonhodzwa. Nzira iyi yakanyatsokodzera kugadzirisa matambudziko ekugaya, kusimudzira immune system, uye kukohwa mabhenefiti emuti weantioxidant.
2. Kushandisa Pamusoro: Mashizha eMargaritaria discoidea akapwanyika kana kuita upfu anogona kuiswa zvakananga pamaronda, maronda madiki, kana kutsamwa kweganda sezvikwesheso. Zvikwesheso izvi zvinobatsira kukurudzira kupora kwemaronda, kuderedza kuzvimba, uye kudzivirira hutachiona. Mashizha ane antibacterial uye kuporesa maronda zvivakwa zvinoita kuti ive mushonga wechisikigo wakakosha kune zvirwere zvekunze.
3. Kunyikwa uye Kubika: Kunyikwa uye kubika kunosanganisira kunyika zvikamu zvemuti mumvura inopisa kuti ubudise makomponi anobatsira. Kunyikwa kwakakodzera zvikamu zvemuti zvisina kusimba zvakaita semashizha nemaruva, nepo kubika kunoshandiswa kune zvikamu zvakaoma zvakaita semidzi nemakwati. Zvinwiwa izvi zvinogona kunwiwa nemuromo kugadzirisa matambudziko ehutano akasiyana-siyana, kubva pakusagadzikana kwekufema kusvika kumatambudziko ekugaya.
4. Kufema Mhepo Inopisa: Kune hutano hwekufema, kufema mhepo inopisa kunoshandiswa. Mashizha eMargaritaria discoidea anovirisa kana kubudiswa anowedzerwa kumvura inopisa, uye mhepo yacho inofemwa. Nzira iyi inogona kubatsira kuderedza kuvharika, kukosora, uye zvimwe zviratidzo zvekufema.
5. Mafuta Ekukwiza uye Mabharisamu: Kunyika zvikamu zveMargaritaria discoidea mumafuta anotakura kunogona kugadzira mafuta ekukwiza kana mabharisamu. Magadziriro aya anoshandiswa kunze kupa zororo kubva kumarwadzo, kuzvimba, uye kurwadziwa kwetsandanyama kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwemumusoro.
6. Makapsule uye Matincture: Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvikamu zveMargaritaria discoidea zvinoputirwa mumakapsule kana kugadzirwa sematincture. Makapsule ari nyore kune avo vanosarudza muyero wakajairwa, nepo matinxture achibatanidza kunyika zvikamu zvemuti mudoro kana imwe solvent kuti igadzire zvikamu zvemvura zvakanyanya.
7. Kurongeka Kwetsika: Mutsika dzekurapa dzechinyakare, Margaritaria discoidea inowanzoshandiswa pamwe nemimwe miriwo kugadzira kurongeka kwakakosha. Kurongeka uku kunonyatso gadzirwa kuti kugadzirise nyaya dzehutano dzakananga uye dzinowanzo gadzirwa nevanoziva mabasa acho.
Migumisiro Yakaipa Yekushandisa Muti weMargaritaria discoidea Unorapa
1. Kusagadzikana Mudumbu: Mune vamwe vanhu, kushandisa gadziriro dze Margaritaria discoidea, kunyanya muzviyero zvakakwirira, zvinogona kutungamirira mukusagadzikana mudumbu senge kusvotwa, kurutsa, kana manyoka.
2. Kugwara: Kugwara neMargaritaria discoidea kunogoneka, kunyanya muvanhu vanozivikanwa kuti vanogwara nemiti iri mumhuri yePhyllanthaceae kana mhando dzakabatana.
3. Kudyidzana Nemishonga: Kana uri kunwa mishonga, kunyanya iyo inokanganisa huwandu hweshuga muropa, kumanikidzwa kweropa, kana kugwamba kweropa, bvunza nyanzvi yezvehutano usati washandisa Margaritaria discoidea. Makomboni emuti anogona kudyidzana nemimwe mishonga, zvinogona kukanganisa kushanda kwayo.
4. Pamuviri Nekuyamwisa: Mashoko mashoma aripo pamusoro pekuchengeteka kwekushandisa Margaritaria discoidea panguva yekuzvitakura nekuyamwisa. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti vakadzi vane pamuviri kana vanoyamwisa vanyatsochenjerera uye vatsvage nhungamiro yezvokurapa vasati vashandisa muti uyu.
5. Vana Nevakwegura: Kunyanya kuchenjerera kunofanira kutorwa pakupa Margaritaria discoidea kuvana kana vakwegura. Zviyero zvinofanira kugadziriswa zvakakodzera uye pasi pehutungamiri hwemhizha yezvehutano.
6. Muyero ne Kugadzirira: Kushandisa huwandu hwakawanda hweMargaritaria discoidea kana kunwa mishonga yakagadzirirwa zvisizvo kunogona kuwedzera njodzi yezvinetso. Tevedzera muyero unokurudzirwa nenzira dzekugadzirira kuti uderedze njodzi dzakadaro.
7. Kushandiswa Kwenguva Refu: Kushandisa Margaritaria discoidea kwenguva yakareba uye zvakanyanya kunogona kutungamira kukuunganidza kwezvinhu kana kushamwaridzana nemimwe mishonga kana zvinowedzera. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti uongorore nguva nenguva kushandiswa kwayo nenyanzvi yezvehutano.
8. Kunzwisisa Kwemunhu Mumwe: Vanhu vanoita zvakasiyana nemishonga yemakwenzi. Zvinogoneka kuti vamwe vanhu vasangane nemhedzisiro kunyangwe nekushandisa zvine mwero kweMargaritaria discoidea. Teerera kune maitiro emuviri wako worega kushandisa kana paine zviitiko zvisingafadzi.
Hukoshi Hwezvokudya zveMargaritaria discoidea
1. Puroteni: Mashizha eMargaritaria discoidea ane inenge 15.6% yepuroteni yakawanda, zvichiita kuti ive sosi yepuroteni inokosha yezvipfuwo uye zvichida vanhu kana yabviswa muchetura. Puroteni inotsigira kukura kwemhasuru nekugadzirisa, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine kushomeka kwezvokudya.
2. Makabhohaidhiretsi: Mashizha nembesa zvinogona kunge zvine makabhohaidhiretsi, kunyanya starch, inopa simba. Huwandu chaihwo hauna kunyatsotsanangurwa, asi basa rawo sechikafu chekuwedzera rinoratidza mwero wepakati wemakabhohaidhiretsi.
3. Faibha: Mashizha akapfuma mufaibha, achibatsira hutano hwekugaya. Huwandu hwakawanda hwefaibha hunobatsira mukugadzirisa mafambiro ematumbo uye kutsigira gut microbiota, kunyanya kana ichishandiswa sechikafu.
4. Calcium: Mashizha ane calcium, kunyange hazvo huwandu hwayo husina kunyorwa muzvidzidzo zviripo. Calcium inotsigira hutano hwemapfupa nekushanda kwemhasuru, ichiwedzera mukana wezvinovaka muviri wechirimwa chekudyisa mhuka.
5. Iron: Kune tumari twesimbi mashoma mumashizha, tuchitsigira kufambiswa kwemweya muropa. Izvi zvinoita kuti Margaritaria discoidea ive imwe nzira yekuwanezera kurapa kushomeka kweropa mukudya kwezvipfuyo.
6. Magnesium: Mashizha angangove ane magnesium, inotsigira mashandiro enzayimu uye hutano hwemhasuru. Nepo huwandu chaihwo husina kutaurwa, kuvapo kwayo kunoenderana nekushandiswa kwechirimwa sechikafu chine zvakawanda zvinovaka muviri.
7. Phenolic Compounds: Makwati emuti nemashizha ane phenolics, yakadai sematanini, anoshanda semishonga inorwisa oxidation. Izvi zvinogona kuderedza kushushikana kweokisijeni, kunyangwe basa ravo rekudya richiri rechipiri kune mhedzisiro yemishonga.
8. Flavonoid Glycosides: Makwati emuti ane flavonoids senge hydroxygenkwanin-8-C-glucopyranoside, ine antioxidant properties. Izvi zvinotsigira hutano hwemasero nekurwisa free radicals kana ikashandiswa zvine mwero.
9. Alkaloids: Chirimwa chakapfuma mu alkaloids senge phyllochrysine uye securinine, izvo zvisiri zvinovaka muviri asi bioactive compounds. Vanogona kutsigira hutano zvisina kunanga kuburikidza nemhedzisiro inorwisa mabhakitiriya kana inokurudzira kana ikagadziriswa nemazvo.
10. Simba Rine Simba: Mashizha ane simba guru re19.3 kJ/g, zvichiita kuti ive chikafu chinowedzera simba chezvipfuyo, kunyanya munguva dzekusanaya kwemvura apo huswa hunenge husina kunaka.
Uchapupu Hwesainzi uye Zvidzidzo zveNyaya paMargaritaria discoidea
1. Osakwe et al. (2000): Chidzidzo ichi chakaongorora kukosha kwekudyisa mashizha e Margaritaria discoidea (se Phyllanthus discoideus) mumakwai eWest Africa Dwarf. Zvekudya zvine 25% uye 50% yekuwedzera mashizha zvakawedzera crude protein (12.6% uye 13.6%) uye volatile fatty acid concentrations, zvichivandudza kuwanikwa kwesimba uye kuchengetwa kwe nitrogen, zvichitsigira kushandiswa kwayo sechikafu chezvipfuyo (Osakwe, I. I., et al. (2000). The chemical composition of Phyllanthus discoideus and its effect on ruminal ammonia and volatile fatty acid concentration when fed to West African Dwarf sheep. Tropical Agriculture, 77(3), 178-182).
2. Obiri et al. (2014): Ubhuku e Dickson et al. bubone kutsi kutsintsa lwati lwemanti lwemacembe esihlahla se Margaritaria discoidea kwehlise sivuvumbu kanye nebuhlungu kumagundvwane, kufanana ne indomethacin. Loku kusekela kusetyentiswa kwayo kwemdzabu ekwelashweni kwekuvuvuka kanye nebuhlungu, lokungenteka kutsi kubangelwa yi alkaloids kanye nema phenolics (Dickson, R. A., et al. (2014). Imiphumela yekulwa nekuvuvuka kanye nekunciphisa buhlungu yekutsintsa lwati lwemanti lwemacembe esihlahla se Margaritaria discoidea (Euphorbiaceae). Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 4(8), 1-5).
3. Owusu et al. (2014): Lolucwaningo luhlukanise i flavonoid glycosides emacembeni esihlahla, lukhombisa umsebenti wekulwa nemagciwane ku Staphylococcus aureus kanye netimphahla tekukhipha emandla lamakhulu. Letitfombe ticinisela kusetyentiswa kwayo ekwelashweni kwetilondza ngekunciphisa umthwalo wemagciwane kanye nekucinisa kakhulu (Owusu, P. A., et al. (2014). I-Flavonoid glycosides kusuka kumacembe esihlahla se Margaritaria discoidea ikhombisa umsebenti wekulwa nemagciwane kanye netimphahla tekukhipha emandla lamakhulu. Phytochemistry Letters, 10, 85-90).
4. Cho-Ngwa et al. (2010): Kutsvakurudza kwakaitwa naCho-Ngwa et al. kwakaedza zvinhu zvisina polar zvekuti Margaritaria discoidea zvichipesana ne Onchocerca ochengi. Hexane ne methylene chloride zvakaratidza kushanda kwe microfilaricidal, zvichitsigira kushandiswa kwechivanhu kurapwa kwe onchocerciasis mu Cameroon (Cho-Ngwa, F., et al. (2010). Selective activity of extracts of Margaritaria discoidea and Homalium africanum on Onchocerca ochengi. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 10, 62).
5. Adedapo et al. (2015): Chidzidzo ichi chakatsinhira kushanda kwe ethanolic stem bark extract mukudzivirira dumbu mumakonzo, kuderedza maronda anokonzerwa ne ethanol kuburikidza nemaitiro e antioxidant. Izvi zvinotsigira kushandiswa kwayo kwechivanhu kumatambudziko emudumbu (Adedapo, A. A., et al. (2015). Gastroprotective and antioxidant potentials of ethanolic stem bark extract of Margaritaria discoidea (Euphorbiaceae) in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 171, 240-246).
Mibvunzo Inowanzo Bvunzwa Nezve Margaritaria discoidea
1. Ko Margaritaria discoidea i vakachengeteka kudyiwa here?
Mashizha acho dzimwe nguva anodyiwa mushure mekugadziriswa, asi kudyiwa kwakawanda hakuna kuchengeteka nekuda kwe alkaloids senge phyllochrysine. Kugadzirira kwakanyatsoitwa kunodiwa kudzivirira chepfu.
2. Ndezvipi zvikamu zve Margaritaria discoidea zvinoshandiswa mumishonga?
Goko remuti, mashizha, nemidzi zvinoshandiswa mumishonga yechivanhu kuzvironda, maronda, marwadzo, uye zvirwere zvakaita se onchocerciasis, kazhinji sechinhu chinobikwa kana kupakwa.
3. Ko Margaritaria discoidea inogona kubatsira mukuporesa maronda here?
Hongu, zvidzidzo zvinosimbisa kuti zvinhu zvinotorwa mugoko remuti zvine antibacterial uye antioxidant properties, zvichitsigira kushandiswa kwechivanhu mukuchengeta maronda uye kudzivirira zvirwere.
4. Ko Margaritaria discoidea inoshandiswa pazvipfuyo here?
Hongu, mashizha ayo akapfuma muprotein (15.6% crude protein) anoshandiswa sechikafu chemombe nembudzi, kunyanya panguva yekusanaya kwemvura, zvichivandudza simba uye nitrogen retention.
5. Ndezvipi njodzi dzekushandisa Margaritaria discoidea?
Alkaloids senge securinine inogona kukonzera chepfu, kusanganisira kukurudzira kwetsinga. Kushandiswa zvisina kunaka kunogona kutungamira kune migumisiro isina kunaka, saka mazano ehunyanzvi anorecommended.
6. Margaritaria discoidea inokura papi?
Inowanikwa kuAfrica inopisa, kubva kuSenegal kusvika kuEthiopia nekumaodzanyemba kuSouth Africa, ichikura mumapani, masango, nemasango akakanganiswa.
7. Margaritaria discoidea ine mabhenefiti ekurwisa kuzvimba here?
Ehe, stem bark extracts inoderedza edema nekurwadziwa mumamodels emhuka, ichitsigira kushandiswa kwayo kune mamiriro ekuzvimba se arthritis.
8. Margaritaria discoidea inogadzirirwa sei kushandiswa kwekurapa?
Makwati nemashizha anowanzo bviswa nekubikwa kana kugadzirwa mumapasta ekuzora pamusoro kurapa maronda, kurwadziwa, kana hutachiona, kuve nechokwadi chekunyatso kubvisa chepfu.
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