I-Ochrosia oppositifolia, isimangaliso sezitshalo esinamagama amaningi ajwayelekile afaka phakathi i-Bitter Bark, i-Slow Poison Tree, kanye ne-Ochrosia, singowomndeni we-Apocynaceae. Lesi sihlahla esihlala siluhlaza, esidabuka ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, sinesimo sezitshalo esihlukile esidonsela ukunaka kwabatshali bezitshalo, abakhambi bezitshalo, kanye nabathandi bemvelo ngokufanayo.
I-Ochrosia oppositifolia imi iphakeme njengomuthi ophakathi nendawo, ivame ukufinyelela ukuphakama okungamamitha angu-20. Iphethini yayo yokukhula ibonakala ngesiqu esiqondile esihluma kahle njengoba sikhuphuka. Igxolo, njengoba igama lisho, liyababa futhi liphethe izakhiwo zokwelapha ezibalulekile. Amaqabunga, abekwe maqondana emagatsheni, ayakhazimula, anomumo we-lance, futhi anomumo wesikhumba.
Umuthi uzihlobisa ngezimbali ezincane, ezinephunga elimnandi eziphethe ubuhle obuyingqayizivele. Lezi zimbali, ngokuvamile ezimhlophe noma ezinombala ophuzi, ziqoqwe ngamaqoqo. Isakhiwo sezimbali esiyinkimbinkimbi sibonisa amacembe amahlanu ahlukene asakazeka evulekile, eveza amaphethini ayinkimbinkimbi ayinto ekhangayo ngempela. Izinyosi nezinye izinambuzane zithola lezi zimbali zingenakuphikiswa.
Njengoba izimbali zibuna, zivula indlela yokukhula kwama-capsule ezithelo athakazelisayo. Lawa ma-capsule, uma esevuthiwe, avuleka ukuze aveze imbewu efakwe ku-pulp enemicu. Imbewu ngokuvamile inamaphiko, okusiza ekusabalalisweni kwayo ngumoya. Izithelo ziyisici esibalulekile somjikelezo wokuphila kwezitshalo futhi zinegalelo ekubalulekeni kwazo kwemvelo.
I-Ochrosia oppositifolia iveze ukutholakala kwayo ezindaweni ezahlukene zokuhlala, okuhlanganisa namahlathi emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo kanye nezindawo ezisogwini. Isimo sayo esivumelana nezimo siyivumela ukuthi ichume ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zenhlabathi, okufaka isandla ekusabalaleni kwayo kabanzi ezifundeni ezifana ne-Asia, i-Australia, kanye neziQhingi zasePacific.
Ukubaluleka kwamasiko kanye nendabuko kwe-Ochrosia oppositifolia kugxile kakhulu emlandweni wemiphakathi yendabuko. Nakuba igama lezitshalo elithi “Slow Poison Tree” lingase lizwakale libi, lisetshenziswe ngobuningi obulawulwayo emithini yendabuko ngenxa yezinzuzo zalo zezempilo ezingaba khona. Kodwa-ke, amakhemikhali alo anamandla adinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela nolwazi lochwepheshe ukuze kugwenywe ubuthi.
Ezindingilizini zezitshalo, i-Ochrosia oppositifolia ayihlonishwa nje kuphela ngokubukeka kwayo okumangalisayo kodwa futhi nangamakhemikhali ayinkimbinkimbi e-biochemical ahlala ezingxenyeni zayo ezahlukene. Kusukela kuma-alkaloid kuya kuma-flavonoid, lesi sitshalo sibonisa uhlu oluhlukahlukene lwe-metabolites yesibili enegalelo ezimpahleni zayo zokwelapha.
Njengoba isithakazelo emithini yendabuko kanye namakhambi sikhula, kunesidingo esikhulayo sokutshala nokulondoloza izitshalo ezifana ne-Ochrosia oppositifolia. Imizamo yokuqonda izidingo zayo zokutshala, izindlela zokutshala, kanye nokuhlukahluka kwezakhi zofuzo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi iyatholakala ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.
Funda Futhi: Izinzuzo Eziyi-8 Zempilo Yezokwelapha ze-Dawn Vine (i-Chonemorpha Fragans)
Izinzuzo Zempilo Yezokwelapha ze-Ochrosia oppositifolia (i-Bitter Bark)
1. Ukusekelwa Kwempilo Yesibindi Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zokwelapha ze-Ochrosia oppositifolia itholakala emandleni ayo okusekela impilo yesibindi. Amakhemikhali athile atholakala kulesi sitshalo abonise izakhiwo zokuvikela isibindi, esiza ekuvikeleni isibindi ebuthi obuhlukahlukene kanye nokucindezeleka kwe-oxidative. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezweni lanamuhla lapho ukungcola kwemvelo kanye nendlela yokuphila engaphilile kungayilimaza inhlalakahle yesibindi sethu.
2. Izakhiwo Ezilwa Nokuvuvukala I-Ochrosia oppositifolia iqukethe amakhemikhali asebenzayo abonisa imiphumela enamandla yokulwa nokuvuvukala. Lawa makhemikhali angasiza ekunciphiseni ukungakhululeki okuhlobene nokuvuvukala futhi anikele enhlalakahleni iyonke. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubuhlungu bamalunga, izimo zesikhumba, noma ezinye izinkinga zokuvuvukala, izakhiwo zezitshalo zinganikeza impumuzo futhi zithuthukise ikhwalithi yokuphila.
3. Ukukhathazeka Nokunciphisa Ukucindezeleka Emikhubeni yendabuko, i-Ochrosia oppositifolia isetshenziswe ukubhekana nenhlalakahle yemizwa. Ezinye zezinto ezisetshenziswayo zibonakala zinezakhiwo zokuphazamisa ukukhathazeka, okungenzeka zisize ekunciphiseni ukukhathazeka nokucindezeleka. Ukufaka amalungiselelo alesi sitshalo emisebenzini yokuphumula kungasiza ekuthuleni kwengqondo nasekuthuleni.
4. Impilo Yenhliziyo Nemithambo Yegazi Amanye amakhemikhali atholakala ku-Ochrosia oppositifolia abonise ithemba ekukhuthazeni impilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Angasiza ekulawuleni umfutho wegazi futhi asekele ukusebenza kwenhliziyo iyonke. Lokhu kungabangelwa amandla awo okuphumula imithambo yegazi, ukuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi, kanye nokuphatha izinto ezibangela ukukhathazeka okuhlobene nenhliziyo.
5. Imiphumela Yokulwa Namagciwane Ngokwesiko, izingxenye ezahlukene ze-Ochrosia oppositifolia bezisetshenziswa ukulwa nezifo. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi lesi sitshalo sinezakhiwo zokulwa namagciwane, ezingasiza ekuvikeleni amagciwane ayingozi. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokukhomba ukusetshenziswa kwaso emlandweni ekwelapheni izifo kodwa futhi kuvula iminyango yokuhlola amandla aso ezindleleni zokwelapha zesimanje.
Funda Futhi: Isilinganiso Sesivuno Sezitshalo kanye Nesayensi Yezolimo nge-GIS
Izindlela Zokusebenzisa Ukuze Kutholakale Izinzuzo Zezempilo Ezinikezwayo ze-Ochrosia oppositifolia (i-Bitter Bark)
1. Ama-infusions nama-decoction: Enye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu zokusebenzisa i-Ochrosia oppositifolia ukusebenzisa ama-infusions nama-decoction. Amagxolo noma amaqabunga ayomiswa bese efakwa emanzini ashisayo. Le nqubo ivumela amakhemikhali awusizo ukuthi angene emanzini, okudala ikhambi elinamandla lemithi..
Ukufakwa kwe-infusions kuvame ukuba mnene futhi kutholakala ngokuthulula amanzi ashisayo phezu kwesitshalo, kuyilapho ukukhishwa kwe-decoction kuhilela ukubilisa izingxenye zesitshalo emanzini isikhathi eside. Lokhu ketshezi kungadliwa njengetiye lezitshalo.
2. Izithambisi: Ama-tincture ayindlela ethandwayo yokusebenzisa izakhiwo zokwelapha ze-Ochrosia oppositifolia. Ngale ndlela, izinto zesitshalo zicwiliswa otshwaleni, njenge-ethanol, isikhathi eside. Utshwala bukhipha amakhemikhali asebenzayo esitshalweni, okuholela esixazululweni esiqinile. Ama-tincture aziwa ngokuphila kwawo isikhathi eside kanye namandla. Ngokuvamile athathwa ngamanani amancane, axutshwe namanzi.
3. Izicelo Zezihloko: Ukuze kuxazululwe izinkinga zesikhumba noma ukungakhululeki kwendawo, ukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle kungasebenza kahle. Amalungiselelo anjengezithako zokugcoba, okhilimu, noma ama-poultices enziwa ngokuhlanganisa izithako ze-Ochrosia oppositifolia nezithwali ezifanele njengamafutha noma okhilimu. Lokhu kungasetshenziswa ngqo endaweni ethintekile. Le ndlela ivumela ukulethwa okuqondiwe kwezingxenye ezizuzisayo zezitshalo.
4. Ukuphefumula: Ukuhogela amalungiselelo e-Ochrosia oppositifolia, ngokuvamile ngesimo somusi, kungasetshenziswa ukubhekana nezinkinga zokuphefumula. Amakhemikhali aguquguqukayo akhishwa kumusi angaba nomthelela omuhle endleleni yokuphefumula. Le ndlela iwusizo kakhulu ezinkingeni ezifana nokuminyana, ukukhwehlela okuncane, noma ukungakhululeki kwe-sinus.
5. Isiqondiso Sochwepheshe: Njengoba kunikezwe amandla e-Ochrosia oppositifolia kanye namathuba okuba nemiphumela emibi uma isetshenziswa ngendlela engafanele, ukufuna isiqondiso kochwepheshe bezitshalo abaqeqeshiwe kubalulekile. Ubuchwepheshe babo bungaqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa okuphephile nokuphumelelayo kwezinzuzo zezitshalo. Isilinganiso, ukuvama, kanye nezindlela zokulungiselela kungahluka ngokuya ngezimo zempilo zomuntu ngamunye, okwenza isiqondiso somuntu siqu sibe usizo kakhulu.
6. Izinyathelo Zokuqapha: Ngesikhathi uhlola lezi zindlela, kubalulekile ukuqapha. I-Ochrosia oppositifolia iqukethe amakhemikhali, uma esetshenziswa kabi, angaholela ebuthi. Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile noma ukulungiswa okungafanele kungabangela ukusabela okubi. Abantu abakhulelwe noma abancelisayo, izingane, kanye nalabo abanezinkinga zempilo ezikhona kufanele baxhumane nochwepheshe wezempilo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yimiphi imithi yamakhambi.
Imiphumela Engemihle Yokusebenzisa Isitshalo Semithi i-Ochrosia oppositifolia
1. Ingozi Yobuthi: I-Ochrosia oppositifolia iqukethe amakhemikhali angaba yingozi uma esetshenziswa ngobuningi obukhulu. Igama layo elihlukile, elithi “Slow Poison Tree,” libonisa lesi sici. Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kungaholela ezimpawini ezifana nokucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza, ubuhlungu besisu, kanye nokusabela okubi kakhulu. Lokhu kugcizelela ukubaluleka komthamo oqondile kanye nesiqondiso sochwepheshe.
2. Ukucasuka kwesikhumba: Ukuthintana ngqo nezingxenye zezitshalo ze-Ochrosia oppositifolias, ikakhulukazi igxolo namaqabunga, kungabangela ukucasuka kwesikhumba kwabanye abantu. Lokhu kungabonakala njengokubomvu, ukulunywa, noma ukuqubuka. Kunconywa ukuphatha isitshalo ngokucophelela, ikakhulukazi uma unesikhumba esibucayi.
3. Ukusebenzisana Nemithi: Uma uthatha imithi kadokotela, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukusebenzisana okungenzeka. Amakhemikhali e-Ochrosia oppositifolias asebenzayo angaphazamisa imithi ethile, athinte ukusebenza kwayo noma abangele ukusabela okubi. Ukubonisana nochwepheshe wezempilo kungasiza ekuboneni noma yikuphi ukusebenzisana okungenzeka.
4. Ukusabela Kokungezwani Nomzimba: Njenganoma iyiphi into yemvelo, kungenzeka ukuthi kube nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba. Abantu abanokungezwani komzimba nezitshalo emndenini we-Apocynaceae, noma labo abavame ukungezwani komzimba nezitshalo, bangase babe sengozini enkulu. Qaphela izimpawu ezifana nokulunywa, ukuvuvukala, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula, bese uyeka ukusebenzisa uma kwenzeka ukusabela okunjalo.
5. Izinhlobo Ezikhethekile: Abantu abakhulelwe nabancelisayo kufanele baqaphele lapho becabangela i-Ochrosia oppositifolia. Umthelela ongaba khona ekukhuleni kombungu noma ezinsaneni awuqondakali kahle, ngakho-ke kuyalulekwa ukugwema ukusebenzisa lesi sitshalo phakathi nalezi zikhathi. Izingane kanye nabantu abanezimo zempilo eziyisisekelo kufanele futhi bafune isiqondiso sochwepheshe ngaphambi kokusebenzisa.
Inani Lokudla Okunomsoco le-Ochrosia oppositifolia (i-Bitter Bark)
1. Ama-carbohydrate: Izithelo zika I-Ochrosia oppositifolia cishe aqukethe ama-carbohydrate, ikakhulukazi ngesimo sikashukela noma i-fiber, ahlinzeka ngomthombo wamandla omncane uma esetshenziswa ezimweni zendabuko, yize idatha ethile ilinganiselwe.
2. Ifayibha: Amaqabunga nezithelo zinganikeza i-fiber yokudla, zisekele impilo yokugaya ukudla futhi zikhuthaze ukuhamba kwamathumbu njalo. Okuqukethwe kwe-fiber kutholakala ezinhlotsheni ezihlobene ze-Apocynaceae, njengezifundo eziqondile ku- O. oppositifolia ayivelakancane.
3. Ama-Alkaloid: Igxolo liqukethe ama-alkaloid afana ne-reserpiline, i-isoreserpiline, kanye ne-ochropposine, okungezona izakhamzimba kodwa amakhemikhali asebenzayo. Lawa anegalelo ekusetshenzisweni kwezokwelapha kodwa anobuthi ngemithamo ephezulu, okunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kokudla okunempilo.
4. Ama-Phenolic Compounds: Ama-phenolic, okungenzeka akhona emaqabunga nasemagxolweni, asebenza njengama-antioxidants, okungenzeka anciphise ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative. Indima yawo yokudla ingeyesibili, njengoba ngokuyinhloko ingokwemithi.
5. Ama-Flavonoid: Ama-Flavonoid, atholakala ku-ahlobene nawo I-Ochrosia izinhlobo, zingase zibe khona, zinikeza izinzuzo zokulwa nokuvuvukala kanye nezinzuzo zokulwa nokuvuvukala. Lezi zinhlanganisela zisekela impilo yamangqamuzana kodwa azisona isakhi esiyinhloko.
6. Amaminerali (i-Calcium): Amanani amancane e-calcium angase abe khona emaqabunga noma ezithelweni, okufaka isandla empilweni yamathambo kanye nokusebenza kwemisipha, yize inani eliqondile lingabhaliwe phansi.
7. Amavithamini: Izithelo noma amaqabunga angase abe namavithamini amancane, njengevithamini C, asekela ukusebenza kahle kwamasosha omzimba. Kodwa-ke, izifundo zokudla okunempilo ku- O. oppositifolia ziyantula, futhi okuqukethwe kwamavithamini kuyacatshangelwa.
8. Ama-Saponins: Ama-Saponins, avame kakhulu ezitshalweni ze-Apocynaceae, angase abe khona, okungenzeka asekele impilo yomzimba noma imiphumela yokulwa namagciwane. Indima yawo ngokuyinhloko iwukwelapha hhayi ukudla okunempilo.
9. Ama-Terpenoid: Ama-Terpenes, okungenzeka ukuthi akhona emaqabunga noma emagxolweni, anegalelo ezicini zemithi zesitshalo, njengemiphumela yokulwa namagciwane, kodwa anikeza inani elincane lokudla okunempilo.
10. Amaprotheni: Amaqabunga noma imbewu ingaba namaprotheni amancane, asekela ukulungiswa kwezicubu, kodwa O. oppositifolia akuyona umthombo obalulekile wamaprotheni, futhi ukukhathazeka ngobuthi kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo njengokudla.
Ubufakazi Besayensi kanye Nezifundo Zecala Nge-Ochrosia oppositifolia
1. I-Verpoorte nabanye. (1980): Lolu cwaningo luhlukanise i-alkaloid kopsinine ku- I-Ochrosia oppositifolia kanye nezinhlobo ezihlobene, kuqashelwa umsebenzi wayo ongaba khona wokulwa ne-cholinergic. Nakuba kungahlobene ngqo nezinzuzo zezempilo, lokhu kusikisela ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka kokuphazamiseka kwemisipha noma izinkinga zokugaya ukudla (Verpoorte, R., van Beek, TA, & Baerheim Svendsen, A. (1980). I-Kopsinine, i-alkaloid ye-indole evela ku- I-Pleiocarpa mutica kanye nezinhlobo ezihlobene. I-Phytochemistry, 19(7), 1531-1532).
2. UNasab (2012): Ucwaningo lukaNasab luqophe ukusetshenziswa kwendabuko kwe- I-Ochrosia oppositifolia igxolo eHawaii yasendulo yokwelapha umdlavuza. Izithako ze-alkaloid ezingavuthiwe zibonise umsebenzi we-antiplasmodial, okuphakamisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukwelapha umalaleveva noma izifo ezihlobene (Nasab, NH (2012). Izifundo ze-phytochemical kanye ne-pharmacological ze I-Ochrosia izinhlobo. Ijenali Yocwaningo Lwemikhiqizo Yemvelo).
3. Ingadi nabanye. (2004): Lolu cwaningo lubukeze izakhiwo zemithi ze- I-Ochrosia izinhlobo, okuhlanganisa O. oppositifolia, beqaphela imiphumela yabo yokulwa nomdlavuza, ukuvuvukala, kanye ne-antioxidant. Ama-alkaloid egxolo, njenge-reserpiline, aqokonyiswa ngenxa yamandla awo ocwaningo lomdlavuza (Garden, H., & Juanda, D. (2004). Ukubuyekezwa kwezemithi kwe I-Ochrosia uhlobo. Ucwaningo lwe-Phytotherapy).
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Ochrosia oppositifolia
1. Ingabe I-Ochrosia oppositifolia kuphephile ukudliwa?
Cha, igxolo nembewu kuyingozi ngenxa yama-alkaloid afana ne-reserpiline. Amalungiselelo endabuko, njenge-decoction yamagxolo, adinga ukunqunywa ngokucophelela ukuze kugwenywe ubuthi, ikakhulukazi njengomuthi wokukhipha isisu.
2. Yiziphi izingxenye ze I-Ochrosia oppositifolia zisetshenziswa kwezokwelapha?
Amagxolo, amaqabunga, nezimpande kusetshenziswa emithini yendabuko njenge-carminative, purgative, kanye nokuhlanza igazi, ikakhulukazi eSeychelles naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia.
3. Ithini I-Ochrosia oppositifolia ukwelapha umdlavuza?
Ukusetshenziswa kwendabuko kwaseHawaii kusikisela amandla okulwa nomdlavuza, kanye nezifundo eziphathelene nalokho I-Ochrosia izinhlobo ziyakusekela lokhu, kodwa abukho ubufakazi obuqondile obuqinisekisa lokhu O. oppositifoliaukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa komdlavuza.
4. Kunjani I-Ochrosia oppositifolia isetshenziswa emithini yendabuko?
E-Seychelles, ama-decoction amagxolo asetshenziswa njengomuthi wokuhlanza isisu, wokuhlanza, nokuhlanza igazi. Ama-decoction amahlamvu asetshenziswa ngemva kokubeletha, kanti izimpande zelapha izifo zenyongo.
5. Ingabe I-Ochrosia oppositifolia kuyadliwa?
Izithelo zingadliwa ngobuningi obuncane kwamanye amasiko, kodwa lesi sitshalo singesokwelapha ikakhulukazi. Ukunambitheka kwaso okubabayo kanye nobuthi kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwaso njengokudla.
6. Kuphi lapho I-Ochrosia oppositifolia ukukhula?
Ivela ezindaweni ezisogwini kusukela eSeychelles kuya e-Asia eshisayo kuya ePacific, ichuma emahlathini asogwini, emahlathini, noma ezindaweni ezivulekile ezifinyelela kumamitha ayi-100 ukuphakama.
7. Ingabe I-Ochrosia oppositifolia isetshenziswa njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa?
Yebo, ikhuliswa ngenxa yamaqabunga ayo akhazimulayo nezimbali ezimhlophe ezinephunga elimnandi, ezithandwa kakhulu njengomthunzi ezingadini zasezindaweni ezishisayo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisogwini.
8. Yiziphi izingozi zokusebenzisa I-Ochrosia oppositifolia?
Imithamo ephezulu yamagxolo noma ama-root decoction ingaba yingozi, okungase kubangele imiphumela emibi kakhulu njengokukhipha isisu noma ukucindezeleka kwesisu. Ukuphatha kudinga ukuqapha ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwe-alkaloid.
Unemibuzo, iziphakamiso, noma iminikelo? Uma kunjalo, sicela uzizwe ukhululekile ukusebenzisa ibhokisi lokuphawula elingezansi ukuze wabelane ngemicabango yakho. Sikukhuthaza futhi ukuthi wabelane ngalolu lwazi nabanye abangase bazuze kulo. Njengoba singeke sikwazi ukufinyelela wonke umuntu ngesikhathi esisodwa, siyabonga kakhulu ngosizo lwakho ekusakazeni izwi. Siyabonga kakhulu ngokusekela kwakho nangokwabelana!
Isixwayiso: Lesi sihloko senzelwe izinjongo zemfundo nolwazi kuphela. Izinzuzo zezempilo ezichazwe zisekelwe ocwaningweni lwesayensi nolwazi lwendabuko. Azithathi indawo yeseluleko sochwepheshe bezokwelapha, ukuxilongwa, noma ukwelashwa. Njalo xhumana nochwepheshe wezempilo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yimuphi umuthi wezitshalo noma wemvelo ngezinjongo zezokwelapha.
Funda Futhi: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wezinzuzo Zokusebenzisa Kabusha