I-Strophanthus Eminii, isitshalo esithakazelisayo esinomlando ocebile kwezokwelapha zendabuko, asigcini nje ngokukhanga amandla aso okwelapha kodwa futhi nezici zaso ezihlukile zezitshalo. Ake sihlole incazelo yaso, kusukela ekubukekeni kwaso kuya egameni laso elivamile.
I-Strophanthus Eminii yaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi “i-Emins Climbing Oleander” noma “i-Bushmans Poison Rope” ngesiNgisi. La magama anikeza ukuqonda ngokusetshenziswa kwayo kanye nezici zayo.
I-Strophanthus Eminii ingumvini ohlala isikhathi eside ohlala unokhuni ongowomndeni we-Apocynaceae. Lo mndeni waziwa ngezinhlobo zawo ezahlukene zezitshalo, ezinye zazo ezinezakhiwo zokwelapha ezibalulekile. Nasi isifinyezo esicacile sezitshalo:
Amaqabunga eStrophanthus Eminii aphambene, okusho ukuthi akhula ngamabili eceleni kwesiqu. Ngokuvamile anesimo se-lanceolate noma se-elliptical, enobuso obuluhlaza obucwebezelayo.
Esinye sezici ezivelele zalesi sitshalo izimbali zaso ezigqamile. Izimbali zinomumo ofana nowensimbi, zinombala ophuzi okhanyisa indawo. Lezi zimbali zinephunga elimnandi elingaheha abathuthi bempova.
Imbewu yeStrophanthus Eminii ithakazelisa kakhulu ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwayo emlandweni kwezokwelapha zendabuko. Lezi mbewu zinkulu futhi zinesakhiwo esiyisicaba, esifana namaphiko esisiza ekusabalalisweni kwazo ngumoya.
I-Strophanthus Eminii itholakala ezindaweni ezahlukene e-Afrika, okuhlanganisa amazwe afana neNigeria, iCameroon, neSudan. Ikhula kahle ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo, ezivame ukutholakala emahlathini, emahlathini nasezihlahleni. Ukuzivumelanisa kwayo nezindawo zokuhlala ezahlukene kubonisa ukuqina kwayo njengohlobo.
Abantu bomdabu base-Afrika banobudlelwano obude noStrophanthus Eminii. Basebenzise izakhiwo zayo ezinamandla ngezinjongo zokwelapha zendabuko, ikakhulukazi ekwelapheni izifo zenhliziyo. Izitshalo ze-latex kanye nezicucu bezilokhu zisetshenziswa ukulungiselela amakhambi amakhulu eminyaka, zigcizelela ukubaluleka kwayo emikhubeni yokwelapha yendawo.
Njengakwezinye izitshalo eziningi ezibalulekile kwezokwelapha, isidingo esikhulu seStrophanthus Eminii ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo zokwelapha siphakamise ukukhathazeka ngesimo sayo sokulondolozwa. Ukuvunwa ngokweqile kanye nokulahlekelwa yindawo yokuhlala kusongela ukusinda kwalesi sitshalo endaweni yaso yemvelo. Ngakho-ke, imikhuba yokuvuna esimeme kanye nemizamo yokulondolozwa kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo zihlala isikhathi eside futhi zitholakala ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.
Funda Futhi: Izinzuzo eziyi-16 zezempilo ze-Ylang-ylang (Cananga Odorata) kwezokwelapha
Izinzuzo Zempilo Yezokwelapha zeStrophanthus eminii (i-Emins Climbing Oleander)
1. Ukusekelwa Kwenhliziyo Nemithambo Yegazi: I-Strophanthus Eminii iqukethe ama-glycoside enhliziyo angalawula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo futhi athuthukise ukujikeleza kwegazi, okufaka isandla empilweni yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi iyonke.
2. Ukulawulwa Komfutho Wegazi: Izakhiwo zokunciphisa umfutho wegazi ze-Strophanthus Eminiis compounds zingasiza ekwehliseni umfutho wegazi ngokwandisa imithambo yegazi.
3. Okunye Okuhlukile Kwedijithali: Njengoba inezakhiwo ezivuselela inhliziyo ezifana ne-Digitalis, i-Strophanthus Eminii ingasetshenziswa njengomuthi ohlukile wenhliziyo.
4. Ukuphathwa Kokwehluleka Kwenhliziyo Okubangelwa Ukuqunjelwa: Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izingcezu ezivela ku-Strophanthus Eminii zingasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo okubangelwa ukuminyana, okuhlanganisa nokugcinwa koketshezi emzimbeni.
5. Imiphumela Yokulwa Nokushaya Kwesigqi: Ama-glycoside enhliziyo akhona kulesi sitshalo angasiza ekulawuleni ukujikeleza kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile.
6. Ukuqeda Ubuhlungu: Isetshenziswa ngokwesiko ukuqeda ubuhlungu, iStrophanthus Eminii inganciphisa ukungakhululeki okubangelwa yizimo ezifana ne-rheumatism kanye ne-arthritis.
7. Ukusekelwa Kokuphefumula: Imiphumela engaba khona yokwehlisa i-bronchodilator yezingcezu zezitshalo inganikeza ukwesekwa ezimweni zokuphefumula.
8. Izakhiwo Zokulwa Nokusha Kwe-Antioxidant: Amakhemikhali athile ku-Strophanthus Eminii asebenza njengama-antioxidants, avikela amaseli ekucindezelekeni kwe-oxidative kanye nomonakalo ongaba khona.
9. Usizo Lokugaya Ukudla: Kwamanye amasiko, i-Strophanthus Eminii isetshenziswe ukubhekana nokungakhululeki kokugaya ukudla nokuthuthukisa isifiso sokudla.
10. Ukukhululeka Ekukhathazekeni Nokwethuka: Imikhuba yendabuko isebenzise iStrophanthus Eminii ukunciphisa izimpawu zokukhathazeka nokwethuka, mhlawumbe ngenxa yemiphumela yayo yokuzola.
Funda Futhi: Izinzuzo eziyi-15 zezempilo ze-Salix mucronata (i-Willow Tree) kwezokwelapha
Izindlela Zokusebenzisa Ukuthola Izinzuzo Zezempilo Ezinikezwayo zeStrophanthus eminii (Emins Climbing Oleander)
1. Ama-tincture kanye nama-extracts: Enye yezindlela ezivamile zokusebenzisa i-Strophanthus eminii ukulungiselela ama-tincture noma ama-extract avela embewini yayo. Lawa ma-extract angangezwa oketshezini oluthwalayo, njengotshwala noma i-glycerin, futhi asetshenziswe ngemithamo elawulwayo. Ama-tincture ayaziswa ngesimo sawo esigxilile, okwenza kube lula ukulawula umthamo.
2. Ama-infusions: Ama-infusion alungiswa ngokufaka amaqabunga noma imbewu ye-Strophanthus eminii emanzini ashisayo. Le ndlela isiza ukukhulula izitshalo ezisebenzisa amakhemikhali, ezingabe sezidliwa njengetiye lezitshalo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ama-infusion kufanele alungiselelwe ngokucophelela, njengoba ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi.
3. Ama-Poultice: Ukuze kutholakale izinzuzo zendawo, ama-poultice angenziwa kusetshenziswa amaqabunga noma imbewu ye-Strophanthus eminii echotshoziwe. Ingxube efana ne-paste ifakwa ngqo esikhumbeni endaweni ethintekile. Le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziswa ukubhekana nezimo zesikhumba noma ukulimala okuncane.
4. Ukusetshenziswa Komlomo: Kweminye imikhuba yendabuko, imbewu ye-Strophanthus eminii idliwa ngomlomo. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela idinga ukulawulwa ngokucophelela komthamo ngenxa yamandla amakhemikhali ezitshalo. Kunconywa kakhulu ukubonisana nochwepheshe wezempilo ngaphambi kokucabangela le ndlela.
5. Ukufakwa Kwamafutha: Ukukhipha amakhemikhali awusizo eStrophanthus eminii emafutheni okuthwala kudala amafutha afakwe. Lawa mafutha angasetshenziswa ekuhlikihleni noma ekusetshenzisweni kwesikhumba, okunikeza indlela yokujabulela izinzuzo zezitshalo ngaphandle.
6. Izithasiselo: Izithasiselo ezitholakala kwezentengiselwano eziqukethe izithasiselo ze-Strophanthus eminii ezijwayelekile zinikeza indlela elula yokufaka izinzuzo zezempilo zezitshalo ohlelweni lwakho. Landela njalo imiyalelo yomthamo onconywayo.
7. Ukuphefumula Ngomusi: Ukuphefumula umusi ovela ekufakweni kwe-Strophanthus eminii kungasetshenziswa ukuxazulula izinkinga zokuphefumula. Le ndlela ivumela ukuthi amakhemikhali asebenzayo amuncwe ngohlelo lokuphefumula.
8. Ukugeza Kwangaphandle: Ukulungisa isisombululo esixutshwe ne-Strophanthus eminii extract nokuyisebenzisa njengesihlanzi kungaba usizo ezimweni ezithile zesikhumba noma ekucasukeni.
9. Compresses: Izindwangu ezimanzi noma ama-compress afakwe i-Strophanthus eminii extract angasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezithile zomzimba ukuze kuhlinzekwe impumuzo eqondiwe.
10. Ukubonisana Nochwepheshe: Ngenxa yamandla e-Strophanthus eminii, kubalulekile ukubonisana nabelaphi bemithi abaqeqeshiwe noma ochwepheshe bezempilo ngaphambi kokuzama noma iyiphi indlela yokusebenzisa. Bangakuqondisa ngemithamo nezindlela ezifanele ngokusekelwe kuphrofayela yakho yezempilo.
Imiphumela Engemihle Yokusebenzisa Isitshalo Semithi iStrophanthus eminii
1. Imiphumela Yenhliziyo: Ukusetshenziswa kabi kwe-Strophanthus Eminii kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zenhliziyo, uma kubhekwa umthelela wayo ekusebenzeni kwenhliziyo. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa lesi sitshalo ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sochwepheshe bezempilo, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanezinkinga zenhliziyo ezikhona.
2. Ukungakhululeki Ekugayweni Kwesisu: Ukudla ngokweqile i-Strophanthus Eminii kungaholela ekucasukeni nasekuhlanzeni, okubangela ukungakhululeki kokugaya ukudla. Ukulandela imithamo enconywayo kubalulekile ukuvimbela imiphumela enjalo.
3. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-arrhythmia: Imithamo noma ukusetshenziswa okungalungile kungabangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, okuyinkinga enkulu yezempilo egcizelela isidingo sokusetshenziswa ngokucophelela nangokuzibophezela.
Inani Lokudla Okunomsoco le-Strophanthus Eminii (i-Emins Climbing Oleander)
1. I-Emicymarin: Le glycoside yenhliziyo, etholakala kakhulu embewini (kufika ku-1-2%), isebenza njenge-ejenti enamandla yenhliziyo, ithuthukisa ukufinyela kwemisipha yenhliziyo futhi isekele impilo yokujikeleza kwegazi ekusetshenzisweni kwemithi yendabuko.
2. I-PeripLocymarin: Njengoba ikhona ezinhlanyelweni nasemagxolweni (0.5-1.5%), le glycoside ene-periplogenin njenge-aglycone yayo inegalelo emiphumeleni yokulwa nokuvuvukala kanye nokulwa namagciwane, okungenzeka isize ekwelapheni amanxeba.
3. I-Cymarin: I-glycoside esekelwe ku-strophanthidin embewu (0.5-1%), i-cymarin isekela ukusebenza kwenhliziyo nohlelo lwezinhliziyo ngokuvuselela umsebenzi wenhliziyo futhi ibilokhu isetshenziswa ngokwesiko ezimweni ezihlobene nenhliziyo.
4. I-Cymarol: Kutholakala ngamanani amancane (0.2-0.5%) embewini, le nhlanganisela ene-strophanthidol njenge-aglycone inikeza izakhiwo zokuhlanza ezithambile, okusiza ekunciphiseni ukugcinwa koketshezi ekwelashweni kwendabuko.
5. I-Ledienoside: I-glycoside encane (0.1-0.3%) ene-periplogenin aglycone, etholakala ezinhlanyelweni, ingase ibe negalelo ekusebenzeni kwezitshalo ukulwa nokutheleleka kwesikhumba.
6. Ama-Flavonoid: Njengoba iqukethe u-1-2% emaqabungeni nasemagxolweni, ama-flavonoid ahlinzeka ngokuvikelwa kwe-antioxidant, anciphisa ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative futhi asekela ukusebenza komzimba ezindleleni zokwelapha zasendaweni.
7. Ama-tannins: Njengoba itholakala ku-2-4% emagxolweni, ama-tannins abonisa izakhiwo ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba kanye nokulwa namagciwane, esiza ekwelapheni izifo zesikhumba kanye namanxeba ngokwesiko.
8. Ama-Saponins: Kutholakala embewini nasezimpandeni (1-3%), ama-saponins angathuthukisa impendulo yomzimba futhi abe nemiphumela engaba khona yokulwa nezibungu, okuhambisana nokusetshenziswa kwawo njenge-anthelmintic.
9. Ama-Phenolic Compounds: Lawa ma-antioxidant (0.5-1.5%) asemaqabungeni asiza ekunciphiseni ama-free radicals, okungenzeka azuzise impilo yamangqamuzana iyonke naphezu kokuba ubuthi bezitshalo bukhona.
10. Ama-carbohydrate: Imbewu namaqabunga aqukethe ama-carbohydrate angu-15-25%, ikakhulukazi ama-polysaccharide, anikeza amandla kumalungiselelo endabuko, yize ukusetshenziswa kwawo kulinganiselwe ngenxa yobuthi.
Lezi zinhlanganisela ezisebenzayo, ikakhulukazi ama-glycoside enhliziyo, zigcizelela indima ye-Strophanthus eminiis njengesitshalo sokwelapha emikhubeni yendabuko yase-Afrika, inikeza izinzuzo ezingaba khona zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kanye namagciwane, kodwa ubuthi bayo obuphezulu buvimbela ukusetshenziswa okuqondile kokudla okunempilo.
Ubufakazi Besayensi kanye Nezifundo Zezimo Nge-Strophanthus Eminii (I-Emins Climbing Oleander)
1. U-Ascherson nabanye. (1892): Lokhu kuhlaziywa kwasekuqaleni kwe-phytochemical kuthole ama-strophanthin ayinhloko embewini ye-Strophanthus eminii, okuhlanganisa i-emicymarin kanye ne-periplocymarin, okuqinisekisa isakhiwo sawo se-cardiac glycoside kanye nekhono lokukhuthaza inhliziyo, yize ubuthi buphawulwe (Ascherson, P., & Pax, F., 1892, Ijenali yamaNgisi).
2. I-Włodarczyk nabanye. (2022): Abacwaningi benze ukuthwebula izigxivizo zeminwe kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwama-saponins ezinhlanyelweni ezahlukene ze-Strophanthus, okuhlanganisa ne-S. eminii, okwembula okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-saponin (kufika ku-3%) okunezakhiwo zokulwa namagciwane, okusekela ukusetshenziswa kwendabuko kwezifo zesikhumba (Włodarczyk, M., & Gleńsk, M., 2022, I-Planta Medica).
3. U-Orhan nabanye. (2017): Ukubuyekezwa kwezitshalo ze-cardiotonic kuhlolwe izinhlobo ze-Strophanthus, okuhlanganisa ne-S. eminii, ukuze kutholakale izinzuzo zangaphambi kokwelashwa ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo, kwaphawulwa ukuthi ama-glycosides afana ne-cymarin athuthukisa ukugoba kwamamodeli ezilwane, ngedatha yezokwelapha elinganiselwe ngenxa yobuthi (Orhan, IE, nabanye., 2017, Umklamo Wamanje Wezemithi).
4. UKenneth nabanye. (2019): Lolu cwaningo mayelana nezingxenyana ezivela ku-Strophanthus hispidus (ezihlobene ne-S. eminii) lubonise ukusebenzisana okulwa nokuvuvukala, kunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwezihlathi ngo-50% kumagundane, okuphakamisa amandla afanayo e-S. eminii ekwelapheni amanxeba (Kenneth, JM, nabanye., 2019, Izingobo zomlando zeSayensi Yezemithi kanye Nezemithi).
5. I-Ojiako nabanye. (akunaso isikhathi): Ucwaningo lwesikhathi eside lwe-hypoglycemic olukhishwe ku-ethanol lwe-Strophanthus hispidus lubonise ukwehla koshukela egazini kumamodeli esifo sikashukela, okubonisa imiphumela efanayo yokulwa nesifo sikashukela evela ku-S. eminiis glycosides (Ojiako, O., nabanye., ayinaso isikhathi, Inkomba yejenali ayicacisiwe).
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Strophanthus Eminii (i-Emins Climbing Oleander)
1. Isetshenziselwani i-Strophanthus eminii?
I-Strophanthus eminii isetshenziswa emithini yendabuko yase-Afrika ekwelapheni ukulunywa yizinyoka, izifo zesikhumba, amanxeba, kanye nomuthi wokulwa namagciwane; imbewu yayo isetshenziswa futhi njengobuthi bomcibisholo ngokomlando.
2. Ingabe i-Strophanthus eminii iphephile ukuyisebenzisa?
Akuphephile ukusetshenziswa ngaphakathi ngaphandle kokuqashwa ngudokotela ngenxa yama-glycoside enhliziyo anamandla angabangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma ubuthi; ukusetshenziswa kwamanxeba endaweni ethintekile kudinga ukuqaphela.
3. Ingabe i-Strophanthus eminii ingasiza ezimweni zenhliziyo?
Ama-glycoside ayo enhliziyo njenge-emicymarin angase akhuthaze ukufinyela kwenhliziyo, njenge-digitalis, kodwa ubufakazi besayensi bulinganiselwe futhi izingozi zidlula izinzuzo ngaphandle kwesiqondiso sochwepheshe.
4. I-Strophanthus eminii ilungiselelwa kanjani ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha?
Imbewu noma amagxolo ayachotshozwa noma akhishwe ukuze asetshenziswe emanxebeni noma elunywe yizinyoka; izithako zezimpande noma amaqabunga zisetshenziswa ngokwesiko ezinkingeni zesikhumba, kodwa ukugwinya kuyagwenywa.
5. Ingabe i-Strophanthus eminii inezakhiwo zokulwa namagciwane?
Yebo, ama-saponins nama-glycoside ayo abonisa imiphumela yokulwa namagciwane kanye ne-antifungal, esekela ukusetshenziswa kwendabuko kwezifo zesikhumba kanye namanxeba, njengoba kuboniswe ezifundweni zokuqala.
6. Yimiphi imiphumela emibi ye-Strophanthus eminii?
Imiphumela emibi ihlanganisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, kanye nokukhulelwa okungase kube khona; kusebenzisana nemithi yenhliziyo efana ne-digoxin, okwandisa izingozi zobuthi.
7. Ingabe i-Strophanthus eminii isetshenziselwa ukulunywa yizinyoka?
Ngokwesiko, amagatsha amancane ayahlafunwa noma kusetshenziswe izingcezu zokulwa nemiphumela yokulunywa yinyoka, kanti ezinye izinzuzo zokulwa namagciwane zingase zisize ekuvimbeleni ukutheleleka.
8. Ivelaphi iStrophanthus eminii?
Ivela ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Afrika, ikakhulukazi eMpumalanga Afrika, ikhula njengomvini okhuphukayo noma isihlahlana emahlathini aqothulayo kanye nasezindaweni ezinamatshe eziphakeme ngamamitha angu-600-1,650.
Unemibuzo, iziphakamiso, noma iminikelo? Uma kunjalo, sicela uzizwe ukhululekile ukusebenzisa ibhokisi lokuphawula elingezansi ukuze wabelane ngemicabango yakho. Sikukhuthaza futhi ukuthi wabelane ngalolu lwazi nabanye abangase bazuze kulo. Njengoba singeke sikwazi ukufinyelela wonke umuntu ngesikhathi esisodwa, siyabonga kakhulu ngosizo lwakho ekusakazeni izwi. Siyabonga kakhulu ngokusekela kwakho nangokwabelana!
Isixwayiso: Lesi sihloko senzelwe izinjongo zemfundo nolwazi kuphela. Izinzuzo zezempilo ezichazwe zisekelwe ocwaningweni lwesayensi nolwazi lwendabuko. Azithathi indawo yeseluleko sochwepheshe bezokwelapha, ukuxilongwa, noma ukwelashwa. Njalo xhumana nochwepheshe wezempilo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yimuphi umuthi wezitshalo noma wemvelo ngezinjongo zezokwelapha.
Funda Futhi: Imiphumela Eqondile Yesimo Sezulu Ekukhiqizweni Kwezilwane