I-Citrus unshiu, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-Satsuma mandarin noma i-Citron unshiu, isihlahla sezithelo ze-citrus esingowomndeni wakwaRutaceae. Sivela eJapane futhi sitshalwa kabanzi ezindaweni ezahlukene zomhlaba ngenxa yezithelo zaso ezimnandi kanye nezakhiwo zokwelapha..
I-Citrus unshiu isihlahla esincane kuya kwesiphakathi esihlala siluhlaza esivame ukufinyelela ukuphakama okungamamitha amabili kuya kwamathathu (2 kuya kwayi-3), yize ngezinye izikhathi singakhula sibe side ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle.
Amaqabunga ayacwebezela, aluhlaza okotshani futhi aqinile anemiphetho egobile kancane. Akhipha iphunga elimnandi le-citrus uma echotshoziwe.
Izimbali ze-Citrus unshiu zimhlophe, zinephunga elimnandi futhi zinesakhiwo esinamacembe amahlanu. Ngokuvamile zincane futhi zivela ngamaqoqo. Isithelo se-Citrus unshiu yi-Satsuma mandarin eyaziwayo. Siyizithelo ezincane, eziyindilinga kuya kwesicaba kancane ze-citrus ezinesikhumba esincane, okulula ukusikhipha. Inyama yayo inojusi, imnandi futhi ihlukaniswe, ngokuvamile ayinambewu noma iqukethe imbewu embalwa.
Funda Futhi: Izimiso Zokukhiqiza Izimbuzi Ukuze Kukhiqizwe Kakhulu
Izinzuzo Zempilo Ze-Citrus Unshiu (Satsuma Mandarin) Kwezokwelapha
1. Icebile ngeVithamini C: Ama-mandarin e-Satsuma angumthombo omuhle kakhulu we-vitamin C, isakhi esibalulekile esisekela amasosha omzimba, sisiza ekwelapheni amanxeba futhi sisebenza njenge-antioxidant enamandla yokulwa nama-free radical emzimbeni.
2. Umsebenzi Wokulwa Nokusha Kwe-Antioxidant: Lesi sithelo siqukethe ama-flavonoid namanye ama-antioxidants asiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative, okungenzeka kunciphise ingozi yezifo ezingamahlalakhona njengezifo zenhliziyo, umdlavuza kanye nezimo ze-neurodegenerative.
3. Ukusekelwa Kwesistimu Yokuzivikela Emzimbeni: I-Vitamin C kanye nezinye izinto eziphilayo ezitholakala ku-Citrus unshiu zingaqinisa amasosha omzimba, zithuthukise ikhono lomzimba lokulwa nezifo.
4. Impilo Yokugaya Ukudla: I-fibre yokudla e-Citrus unshiu isekela impilo yokugaya ukudla ngokukhuthaza ukuhamba kwamathumbu njalo nokuvimbela ukuqunjelwa. Iphinde isize ekugcineni i-microbiome yamathumbu enempilo.
5. Izinzuzo Zenhliziyo Nemithambo YegaziAma-antioxidants aku-Citrus unshiu angasiza ekwehliseni umfutho wegazi, anciphise ukuvuvukala futhi athuthukise amazinga e-cholesterol, anegalelo empilweni yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi iyonke.
6. Izakhiwo Ezilwa Nokuvuvukala: Amakhemikhali athile atholakala ku-Citrus unshiu, njenge-flavonoids, abonise imiphumela yokulwa nokuvuvukala, okungenzeka anikeze impumuzo ezimweni ezihlobene nokuvuvukala.
7. Ukuphathwa Kwesisindo: Okuqukethwe kwefayibha yesithelo kungasiza ekukhuthazeni imizwa yokugcwala, okwenza kube inketho yokudla okulula okwanelisayo kulabo abahlose ukulawula isisindo sabo.
8. Impilo Yamathambo: I-Citrus unshiu iqukethe amaminerali afana ne-calcium ne-magnesium, abalulekile ekugcineni amathambo aqinile futhi enempilo.
9. Impilo Yesikhumba: Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwevithamini C kusekela ukukhiqizwa kwe-collagen, okubalulekile ekuqineni kwesikhumba nasekupholeni kwamanxeba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-antioxidants esithelweni angavikela isikhumba ekulimaleni kwe-UV kanye nokuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
10. Ukucindezeleka Ukunciphisa: Iphunga likawoyela obalulekile we-Citrus unshiu lisetshenziswe ku-aromatherapy ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka, ukukhuthaza ukuphumula kanye nomuzwa wenhlalakahle.
11. Impilo Yokuphefumula: Amanye amakhemikhali ku-Citrus unshiu, kufaka phakathi amafutha athile abalulekile, anezinzuzo zokuphefumula futhi angasetshenziswa ukunciphisa izimpawu zezinkinga zokuphefumula njengokuminyana nokukhwehlela.
12. Izakhiwo Zokulwa NamagciwaneIzithelo ze-citrus, okuhlanganisa ne-citrus unshiu, ziqukethe amakhemikhali emvelo abonise imiphumela yokulwa namagciwane ezifweni ezahlukahlukene, okungenzeka ukuthi anegalelo ekuthuthukiseni amasosha omzimba jikelele.
13. Impilo YamehloAma-carotenoid atholakala ku-Citrus unshiu, njenge-beta-carotene, awusizo ekugcineni umbono omuhle nokuvikela amehlo ekuwohlokeni kwe-macular okuhlobene nokuguga.
14. Ukuphathwa Kwesifo Sikashukela: Ezinye izifundo zisikisela ukuthi ama-compound atholakala ku-Citrus unshiu angaba nomthelela omuhle emazingeni kashukela egazini, okwenza kube wusizo kubantu abanesifo sikashukela.
15. Umsebenzi Wokuqonda: Ama-antioxidants kanye namakhemikhali alwa nokuvuvukala ku-Citrus unshiu angaba nomthelela omuhle empilweni yobuchopho, okungenzeka anciphise ingozi yokwehla kwengqondo futhi asekele ukusebenza kwengqondo iyonke.
Funda Futhi: Ukuhlahlela Izinyoni, Isidingo Sokuhlahlela Izinyoni kanye Nesikhathi Esifanele Sokuhlahlela Izinyoni
Izindlela Zokusebenzisa Ukuthola Izinzuzo Zezempilo Ezinikezwayo ze-Citrus Unshiu (Satsuma Mandarin)
1. Ukusetshenziswa Okusha: Indlela elula yokuzuza ku-Citrus unshiu ukudla izithelo ezintsha. Hluba izithelo bese uhlukanisa izingxenye ukuze ujabulele inyama enamanzi futhi emnandi. Ukudla okusha kunikeza umthombo oqondile wevithamini C, i-fiber yokudla, kanye nama-antioxidants ahlukahlukene. Kusekela impilo yomzimba, ukugaya ukudla, kanye nenhlalakahle iyonke.
2. Ijusi: Khipha ijusi ezithelweni ze-Citrus unshiu usebenzisa i-citrus juicer noma ngokuzicindezela ngesandla izithelo. Ijusi lingadliwa lodwa noma lixutshwe namanzi. Ijusi le-Citrus unshiu liwumthombo ogcwele we-vitamin C nezinye izakhamzimba. Liyaqabula futhi linganikeza ukwesekwa kwe-antioxidant emzimbeni.
3. Itiye: Yenza itiye le-citrus ngokucwilisa amakhasi e-Citrus unshiu omisiwe emanzini ashisayo. Ungangeza uju ukuze kube mnandi. Itiye le-Citrus unshiu peel laziwa ngephunga lalo elimnandi nelinambithekayo. Lingase linikeze ama-antioxidants kanye nezinzuzo zokugaya ukudla ezingaba khona.
4. I-Citrus Peel Zest: Gcoba i-zest (ingxenye engaphandle enombala) yama-Citrus unshiu peels bese uyisebenzisa njenge-ejenti yokunambitha ekuphekeni noma ekubhakeni. I-zest iqukethe amafutha abalulekile kanye namakhemikhali anuka kamnandi anganezela ukunambitheka ezitsheni. Ingase futhi ibe namakhemikhali awusizo e-bioactive.
5. Amafutha Abalulekile: Amafutha abalulekile e-Citrus unshiu angakhishwa emaqabungeni ngokucindezela okubandayo. Nciphisa amaconsi ambalwa amafutha abalulekile kumafutha athwalayo ngaphambi kokuwasebenzisa ku-aromatherapy noma ekusetshenzisweni kwangaphandle. Iphunga lamafutha abalulekile lisetshenziswa ku-aromatherapy ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka nokukhuthaza ukuphumula. Lingafakwa kuma-diffuser, amabhavu, noma kumafutha okubhucunga.
6. Ukunakekelwa Kwesikhumba: Dala imikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba eyenziwe ekhaya ngokufaka i-Citrus unshiu peel zest noma uwoyela obalulekile ekwakhiweni kwesikhumba kwemvelo okufana namamaski, ama-scrubs noma ama-lotion. I-Vitamin C kanye nama-antioxidants ku-Citrus unshiu kungasiza empilweni yesikhumba futhi kusize ekuvikeleni isikhumba ekulimaleni kwe-oxidative.
7. Ukusetshenziswa Kokupheka: Faka izithelo ze-Citrus unshiu, i-zest noma ijusi ezintweni zakho zokupheka. Ukunambitheka okumnandi kwezithelo kuhambisana kahle nezitsha ezinongiwe kanye nezinongiwe. Ukudla i-Citrus unshiu njengengxenye yokudla kwakho okuvamile kungakunikeza ukudla okunomsoco kanye nama-antioxidants njalo.
8. Izithasiselo: Izithasiselo ze-Citrus unshiu kanye nezithasiselo zitholakala ngezindlela ezahlukene, kufaka phakathi ama-capsule kanye nophudingi. Landela imiyalelo yomthamo enconyiwe. Izithasiselo zinikeza umthombo ohlanganisiwe wamakhemikhali awusizo avela ku-Citrus unshiu kulabo abangase bangakwazi ukuthola izithelo noma amakhasi amasha.
Imiphumela Engemihle Yesitshalo Semithi Se-Citrus Unshiu
Nakuba i-Citrus unshiu (i-Satsuma mandarin) ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengephephile ukusetshenziswa futhi inezinzuzo eziningi zezempilo, kunezimbalwa izinto okufanele uzicabangele kanye nemiphumela emibi engaba khona okufanele uyiqaphele:
1. Ukusabela Kokungezwani NomzimbaAbanye abantu bangase babe nokungezwani komzimba nezithelo ze-citrus, okuhlanganisa ne-Citrus unshiu. Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba kungasukela ezimpawu ezincane njengokulunywa, amaqhubu noma ukuqubuka kwesikhumba kuya ekuphenduleni okubi kakhulu njengobunzima bokuphefumula noma i-anaphylaxis. Uma une-allergy eyaziwayo ye-citrus, kubalulekile ukugwema ukudla i-Citrus unshiu.
2. Ukuzwela Kwezithelo Ezingavuthiwe: Amakhemikhali athile atholakala ezithelweni ze-citrus, njenge-limonene ne-citral, angabangela ukuzwela kwesikhumba noma ukucasuka kwabanye abantu uma esetshenziswa ngaphandle. Uma usebenzisa uwoyela obalulekile we-Citrus unshiu noma izithasiselo esikhumbeni sakho, qala ngokuhlola i-patch bese uyixuba kahle ku-carrier oil.
3. Ukucindezeleka KwesisuUkudla izithelo eziningi ze-citrus, okuhlanganisa ne-Citrus unshiu, kungaholela ezinkingeni zesisu ezifana ne-acid reflux, isilungulela, noma isisu esibuhlungu kwabanye abantu, ikakhulukazi labo abanesisu esibucayi noma isifo se-gastroesophageal reflux (GERD).
4. Ukusebenzisana NemithiIzithelo ze-citrus, okuhlanganisa ne-Citrus unshiu, ziqukethe izithako ezingasebenzisana nemithi ethile. Isibonelo, ezinye izithako ze-citrus zingaphazamisa ukusebenza kahle kwemithi ethile, okuholela ekushintsheni kokusebenza kahle noma emiphumeleni emibi engaba khona. Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma uthatha imithi futhi ucabangela ukuyisebenzisa njalo i-Citrus unshiu.
5. Ukuguguleka kwe-enamel yezinyo: Izithelo ze-citrus zino-asidi futhi ukuzidla njalo, ikakhulukazi ngobuningi obukhulu, kungabangela ukuguguleka kwe-enamel yamazinyo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kunconywa ukugeza umlomo wakho ngamanzi ngemva kokudla izithelo ze-citrus noma ucabangele ukuzidla ngokulinganisela njengengxenye yokudla okulinganiselayo.
6. Ukuzwela kwesithombe: Amanye amakhemikhali e-citrus, ikakhulukazi kumafutha abalulekile, angenza isikhumba sizwele kakhulu elangeni. Uma usebenzisa uwoyela obalulekile we-Citrus unshiu endaweni ethintekile, gwema ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile noma ukuvezwa yi-UV isikhathi eside ngemva kokusetshenziswa ukuze uvimbele ukusabela kwesikhumba.
7. Okuqukethwe Okuphezulu KoshukelaNakuba i-Citrus unshiu inoshukela omncane uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izithelo, kusabalulekile ukuyidla ngokulinganisela, ikakhulukazi uma ulawula ukudla kwakho ushukela noma unesifo sikashukela.
8. Izinsalela Zezibulala-zinambuzaneNjengezithelo eziningi, i-Citrus unshiu ingaba nezinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzane uma ingakhuliswanga ngendlela yemvelo. Geza izithelo kahle noma ucabangele ukukhetha izinketho zemvelo uma zikhona.
Inani Lokudla Okunomsoco le-Rhoicissus tomentosa (Amagilebhisi Asendle)
1. I-Oleanolic Acid: I-Oleanolic acid, i-triterpenoid ehlukaniswe ezimpandeni, emaqabungeni, nasezithelo ze-Rhoicissus tomentosa, ikhombisa izakhiwo zokulwa nokuvuvukala kanye nokuvikela isibindi, isekela ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwendabuko ekuphatheni ukuvuvukala kanye nempilo yesibindi.
2. i-β-Sitosterol: Le phytosterol, etholakala ezimpandeni nasezithelo, inegalelo emiphumeleni yokwehlisa i-cholesterol futhi isekela impilo ye-prostate kanye ne-cardiovascular ngokunciphisa ukumuncwa kwamafutha emathunjini.
3. I-Quercitrin: I-quercitrin, i-flavonoid glycoside ekhona emaqabungeni nasezithelo, inikeza umsebenzi oqinile we-antioxidant, isiza ekunciphiseni ama-free radicals futhi inciphise nengozi yezifo ezihlobene nokucindezeleka kwe-oxidative.
4. (+)-I-Catechin: Le flavonoid, etholakala ezimpandeni, emaqabungeni, nasezithelo, inikeza izinzuzo zokulwa nokuvuvukala kanye nokulwa nokuvuvukala, ikhuthaza impilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi futhi isiza ekuvimbeleni ukulimala kwamangqamuzana.
5. I-Stigmasterol: I-stigmasterol, eyingxenye ye-sterol ezimpandeni nasezithelweni, inezakhiwo zokulwa nokuvuvukala kanye nezingaba khona zokulwa nesifo sikashukela, inegalelo ekulawulweni koshukela egazini kanye nokusekelwa kwamasosha omzimba.
6. 3β-Taraxerol: Le triterpene, ehlukaniswe nezimpande, ibonisa imiphumela yokulwa namagciwane futhi isekela ukuphulukiswa kwamanxeba, ihambisana nezitshalo ezisetshenziswa njengezitshalo ezivamile zokutheleleka.
7. I-Aromadendrin-7-O-β-glucopyranoside: I-flavonoid glycoside emaqabunga nezithelo, inikeza isivikelo se-antioxidant futhi ingasiza ekulweni nokuvuvukala emzimbeni.
8. I-Vitamin C: Izithelo eziphephuli ezidliwayo zicebile nge-vitamin C, i-antioxidant ebalulekile eqinisa ukusebenza komzimba, ithuthukisa ukwakheka kwe-collagen, futhi isekela impilo yesikhumba.
9. I-Fiber Yokudla: Njengoba ikhona ezithelweni, i-fiber yokudla isiza ekugayweni kokudla, ikhuthaza impilo yamathumbu, futhi isiza ekugcineni amazinga e-cholesterol anempilo kanye nokulawula ushukela egazini.
10. I-Lutein: Le pigment ye-carotenoid etholakala ezithelweni inikeza izinzuzo zempilo yamehlo ngokuvikela ekuwohlokeni kwe-macular okuhlobene nokuguga kanye nokunciphisa umonakalo we-oxidative ku-retina.
Ubufakazi Besayensi kanye Nezifundo Zecala ku-Rhoicissus tomentosa
1. Ukuhlukaniswa Kwe-Phytochemical kanye ne-Chemotaxonomy: I-Bopape nabanye. (2021) bahlukanise amakhemikhali ayisishiyagalolunye ezimpandeni, emaqabungeni, nasezithelo ze-Rhoicissus tomentosa, okuhlanganisa ama-terpenoid afana ne-3β-taraxerol, i-stigmasterol, i-oleanolic acid, ne-β-sitosterol, kanye nama-flavonoid afana ne-quercitrin, (+)-catechin, kanye ne-aromadendrin-7-O-β-glucopyranoside, kanye nama-pigment pheophytin a kanye ne-lutein, okubonisa izinzuzo ezingaba khona ze-antioxidant kanye nezokulwa nokuvuvukala ngokuchazwa kwesakhiwo nge-NMR kanye ne-MS (Bopape, FB, Moremedi, TM, & Van Wyk, BE, 2021, Ijenali Yezitshalo yaseNingizimu Afrika, 137, 189-195).
2. Umsebenzi Wokulwa Nokusha Kwe-Oxydant: UNondumiso nabanye (2021) benze ukuhlolwa kwe-phytochemical kuma-rhizomes e-Rhoicissus tomentosa, beveza amazinga aphezulu ama-flavonoid kanye namanye ama-antioxidants abonise umsebenzi obalulekile wokususa ama-free radical in vitro, besekela ukusetshenziswa kwawo ezimweni ezihlobene nokucindezeleka kwe-oxidative (Nqolo, NL, 2008, Ucwaningo Lwe-Phytochemical lwe-Rhoicissus Tomentosa, Ithisisi yeMasters, eNyuvesi yaseWestern Cape).
3. Amandla Okulwa Nokuvuvukala: I-Ziqubu nabanye. (2021) ubuyekeze izingcezu ze-methanolic zamaqabunga neziqu ze-Rhoicissus tomentosa, okubonisa ukuvinjelwa kwe-enzyme engu-15-LOX enamanani e-IC50 abonisa imiphumela enamandla yokulwa nokuvuvukala, okubangelwa ama-flavonoid nama-terpenoid, okuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa kwendabuko kobuhlungu nokuvuvukala (Ziqubu, NL, Semenya, SS, & Maroyi, A., 2021, Izitshalo, 10(4), 741).
4. Izakhiwo Zokulwa Namagciwane: Uche-Okereafor nabanye. (2015) bahlaziye izingcezu ze-rhizome ezingavuthiwe ze-Rhoicissus tomentosa besebenzisa i-GCxGC TOF-MS, bethola amakhemikhali asebenzayo abonisa umsebenzi wokulwa namagciwane ngokumelene namagciwane e-Gram-positive kanye ne-Gram-negative, bephakamisa izinzuzo zokwelapha izifo (Uche-Okereafor, N., Ndinteh, DT, Niemann, N., & Mavumengwana, V., 2015, Imibiko yeNgqungquthela Yomhlaba Wonke Yokuthuthuka Kwezesayensi, Ubunjiniyela, Ubuchwepheshe kanye Nemithombo Yemvelo, eSingapore).
5. Ukubuyekezwa Kwendabuko Nokwezemithi: I-Ziqubu nabanye. (2021) ufingqe izifundo ze-pharmacological ku-Rhoicissus tomentosa, eqokomisa imisebenzi yayo yokulwa namagciwane, i-antioxidant, kanye ne-anti-inflammatory evela ezikhishweni, kanye nobufakazi obuvela ekuhlolweni kwe-in vitro obusekela izinzuzo zezempilo zezinkinga zesisu kanye nezifo zabesifazane (Ziqubu, NL, Semenya, SS, & Maroyi, A., 2021, Izitshalo, 10(4), 741).
6. Umsebenzi Wokuthomalalisa Isisu: UNondumisco nabanye (2021) baphenye izinhlobo ze-Rhoicissus ezihlobene kodwa baphawula izingxenye ezifanayo ezisebenzayo ku-R. tomentosa, bebonisa imiphumela ye-uterotonic kumamodeli esibeletho samagundane ahlukanisiwe ngenxa yama-flavonoid nama-saponins, okubonisa ukuthi kungenzeka kube lula ukubeletha ekusetshenzisweni kokukhulelwa kwendabuko (Brookes, HB, & Katsoulis, LC, 2006, Ijenali ye-Ethnopharmacology, 105(3), 350-356).
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Rhoicissus tomentosa
1. I-Rhoicissus tomentosa isetshenziselwani emithini yendabuko?
Isetshenziswa kwezokwelapha zendabuko zaseNingizimu Afrika ukwelapha izinkinga zabesifazane, izifo zesisu, izifo, kanye nokwenza kube lula ukubeletha, ngezimpande ezivame ukulungiswa njengezithako.
2. Ingabe izithelo ze-Rhoicissus tomentosa ziyadliwa?
Yebo, izithelo ezinsomi, ezifana namagilebhisi ziyadliwa futhi zingasetshenziswa ukwenza ijamu, ijeli, noma iwayini, kodwa kufanele zidliwe ngokulinganisela ukuze kugwenywe i-colic noma isifo sohudo.
3. Ingabe i-Rhoicissus tomentosa inezakhiwo zokulwa ne-antioxidant?
Yebo, ama-flavonoid nama-terpenoid ayo, njenge-quercitrin ne-oleanolic acid, abonisa umsebenzi oqinile we-antioxidant ezifundweni, esiza ekulweni nokucindezeleka kwe-oxidative.
4. Ingabe i-Rhoicissus tomentosa ingasiza ekuvuvukeni?
Izingcezu ezivela emaqabunga naseziqwini zibonisa imiphumela yokulwa nokuvuvukala ngokuvimbela ama-enzyme afana ne-15-LOX, okusekela ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwendabuko kokuqeda ubuhlungu.
5. Ingabe i-Rhoicissus tomentosa iphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Ngokwesiko isetshenziselwa ukuthambisa isibeletho nokwenza kube lula ukubeletha, kodwa ngenxa yemiphumela engaba khona yokuthokomala kwesibeletho, kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sochwepheshe ukuze kugwenywe izingozi.
6. Yiziphi izinzuzo zokulwa namagciwane ze-Rhoicissus tomentosa?
Izingcezu ze-Rhizome zibonisa ukusebenza ngokumelene namagciwane, okuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo ekwelapheni izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi emikhubeni yendabuko.
7. I-Rhoicissus tomentosa ivelaphi?
Ivela eningizimu ye-Afrika, kusukela eTanzania kuya eNingizimu Afrika, ichuma emahlathini ase-afro-mountane, ezindaweni ezisogwini lwemifula kanye nasezindaweni ezisogwini.
8. I-Rhoicissus tomentosa isetshenziswa kanjani ekuhlobiseni?
Njengesitshalo esihlala sikhula njalo, sithandwa kakhulu ezingadini zokumboza izindonga, uthango, noma njengesivikelo somhlaba ezindaweni ezinomthunzi, ezinamahlamvu amahle nama-tendril.
Unemibuzo, iziphakamiso, noma iminikelo? Uma kunjalo, sicela uzizwe ukhululekile ukusebenzisa ibhokisi lokuphawula elingezansi ukuze wabelane ngemicabango yakho. Sikukhuthaza futhi ukuthi wabelane ngalolu lwazi nabanye abangase bazuze kulo. Njengoba singeke sikwazi ukufinyelela wonke umuntu ngesikhathi esisodwa, siyabonga kakhulu ngosizo lwakho ekusakazeni izwi. Siyabonga kakhulu ngokusekela kwakho nangokwabelana!
Isixwayiso: Lesi sihloko senzelwe izinjongo zemfundo nolwazi kuphela. Izinzuzo zezempilo ezichazwe zisekelwe ocwaningweni lwesayensi nolwazi lwendabuko. Azithathi indawo yeseluleko sochwepheshe bezokwelapha, ukuxilongwa, noma ukwelashwa. Njalo xhumana nochwepheshe wezempilo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yimuphi umuthi wezitshalo noma wemvelo ngezinjongo zezokwelapha.
Funda Futhi: Izinto eziyi-10 ngamantongomane ongawazi