Strophanthus courmontii, commonly known as “Climbing Oleander,” is a fascinating flowering plant that belongs to the Apocynaceae family. This family is renowned for its diverse collection of plants, many of which possess unique medicinal properties.
As the common name suggests, this plant exhibits a climbing habit. It has slender, twining stems that allow it to ascend structures or nearby vegetation for support.
Amaqabunga e-Strophanthus courmontii ayacwebezela, alula, futhi ahleleka ngokushintshana eceleni kweziqu. Ande futhi ngokuvamile anombala okhanyayo, ancipha aye esicongweni. Amaqabunga angahluka ngobukhulu, nemithambo evelele igijima phezu kwawo.
Esinye sezici ezihlaba umxhwele kakhulu ze-Strophanthus courmontii yizimbali zaso. Lesi sitshalo sikhiqiza amaqoqo ezimbali ezinde, ezinephunga elimnandi ezingaba mhlophe, ukhilimu, noma upinki okhanyayo ngombala. I-corolla yembali ivame ukuba nama-lobe amahlanu, futhi ukubukeka kwayo konke kuyakhanga.
Lesi sitshalo sikhiqiza ama-capsule amade aqukethe imbewu eningi. La ma-capsule ayavuleka uma esevuthiwe, akhulule imbewu.
I-Strophanthus courmontii ivela ezindaweni ezithile e-Afrika, ikakhulukazi eNtshonalanga Afrika nasezingxenyeni zase-Afrika Ephakathi. Ikhula kahle ezindaweni ezahlukene zokuhlala, okuhlanganisa namahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo nawasezindaweni ezishisayo. Izitshalo ezikhuphukayo ngokwemvelo ziyenza ikwazi ukuthola ukwesekwa okufanele ukuze ikhule futhi ifinyelele elangeni.
I-Strophanthus courmontii iyaziwa ngokuqukethe amakhemikhali aziwa ngokuthi ama-glycoside enhliziyo. Lawa amakhemikhali anomthelela omkhulu empilweni yenhliziyo futhi ayisisekelo sezakhiwo eziningi zokwelapha zezitshalo. Ngokwesiko, izingxenye ezahlukene ze-Strophanthus courmontii zisetshenziswe emithini yesintu yase-Afrika ukwelapha izifo zenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, nezinye izifo.
Lesi sitshalo sinokubaluleka kwamasiko emiphakathini ethile yase-Afrika, lapho sisetshenziswe khona emasikweni nasemikhuba yokwelapha yendabuko.
Njengoba indawo yayo yemvelo kanye nenani layo elingaba khona kwezokwelapha, isimo sokulondolozwa kwe-Strophanthus courmontii siyinto ebalulekile okufanele icatshangelwe. Ukulahlekelwa yindawo yokuhlala kanye nokuvunwa ngokweqile kungaba yingozi kubantu bayo. Imizamo yokufunda nokulondoloza lesi sitshalo ibalulekile ekugcineni ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo kanye negalelo elingaba khona kwezokwelapha.
Funda Futhi: Izinzuzo eziyi-10 zezempilo ze-Solenostemma (Solenostemma argel) kwezokwelapha
Izinzuzo Zempilo Yezokwelapha zeStrophanthus courmontii (I-Oleander Ekhuphukayo)
1. Impilo Yenhliziyo Nemithambo Yegazi: I-Strophanthus courmontii iqukethe ama-glycoside enhliziyo athinta kahle ukusebenza kwenhliziyo. Lawa ma-compound alawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo futhi athuthukise ukufinyela kwemisipha yenhliziyo, akhuthaze inhlalakahle yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
2. Ukuphathwa Komfutho Wegazi Ophakeme: Izithako ezisebenzayo zezitshalo zenza kube lula ukuphumula kwemithambo yegazi, okuholela ekunciphiseni umfutho wegazi. Lo mphumela wenza iStrophanthus courmontii ibe usizo olukhulu ekuphatheni umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
3. Okunye Okuhlukile Kwedijithali: Njengoba ama-glycoside enhliziyo efana nalawo aku-Digitalis, i-Strophanthus courmontii inikeza enye indlela yezinkinga ezihlobene nenhliziyo. Amakhemikhali ayo emvelo angalingisa imiphumela yemithi yendabuko.
4. Imiphumela Yokukhipha Uketshezi Emzimbeni: Izakhiwo ze-Strophanthus courmontiis diuretic zisiza ekususeni i-sodium namanzi amaningi emzimbeni. Lesi senzo sisekela impilo yezinso futhi sisiza ekunciphiseni ukugcinwa koketshezi emzimbeni.
5. Umuthi Wokulunywa Yizinyoka: Kweminye imikhuba yendabuko, i-Strophanthus courmontii isetshenziswe njengekhambi lokulunywa yizinyoka ezithile. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kusabalulekile ezimweni ezinjalo.
6. Isenzo Sokulwa Nokuvuvukala: Izithako zezitshalo zibonisa imiphumela yokulwa nokuvuvukala, zinamandla okunciphisa izimo ezifana ne-arthritis ezihilela ukuvuvukala.
7. Ukuqeda Ubuhlungu: Izakhiwo zokunciphisa ubuhlungu zeStrophanthus courmontiis ziyenza ibe usizo ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu. Izakhi zayo zemvelo zinganikeza induduzo ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zobuhlungu.
Funda Futhi: Izinzuzo ezingu-20 zezempilo ze-Rhoicissus tomentosa (i-Wild Grape) kwezokwelapha
Izindlela Zokusebenzisa Ukuthola Izinzuzo Zezempilo Ezinikezwayo zeStrophanthus courmontii (Climbing Oleander)
1. Ama-infusions nama-Teas: Enye yezindlela eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa i-Climbing Oleander ukulungiselela ama-infusion noma itiye kusuka emaqabungeni nasezimbalini zayo. Ama-infusion angenziwa ngokucwilisa izingxenye zesitshalo emanzini ashisayo isikhathi esithile. Isiphuzo esiphumayo singaphuzwa ukuze kuxazululwe izinkinga ezahlukene zezempilo.
2. Izithambisi: Ama-tincture ayizicucu ezisekelwe kutshwala zezitshalo zokwelapha. Anikeza uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe lwezakhi ezizuzisayo zezitshalo. Ama-tincture enziwe nge-Climbing Oleander angasetshenziswa kancane, kulandelwa iziqondiso zomthamo ezinconywayo.
3. Izicelo Zezihloko: Ezinye izinzuzo zezempilo ze-Climbing Oleander zingasetshenziswa ngokusetshenziswa kwesikhumba. Izithako noma amafutha avela esitshalweni angasetshenziswa ngaphandle ukuze kulungiswe izimo zesikhumba noma ukungakhululeki kwamalunga.
4. Ama-Poultice Endabuko: Emithini yendabuko, ama-poultice enziwe ngamaqabunga noma izimbali ze-Climbing Oleander ezichotshoziwe ayesetshenziswa emanxebeni nasekuvuvukeni. Kodwa-ke, kuyalulekwa ukuqaphela ngenxa yobuthi obungaba khona.
5. Izithasiselo Zomlomo: Izithasiselo eziqukethe imithamo elawulwayo yezithasiselo ze-Climbing Oleander ziyatholakala emakethe. Lezi zithasiselo zenzelwe ukuletha izinzuzo zezitshalo ngaphandle kwezingozi ezihlobene nokudla izinto zezitshalo ezingavuthiwe.
6. Isiqondiso Sochwepheshe: Ngenxa yokuthi i-Climbing Oleanders inamandla, kubalulekile ukufuna isiqondiso kubachwepheshe bemithi noma ochwepheshe bezempilo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa lesi sitshalo ngezinjongo zokwelapha.
7. Amafomula Okuhlanganiswa: Izinzuzo ze-Climbing Oleanders zingasetshenziswa nangokuyisebenzisa njengengxenye yezakhi zamakhambi noma izingxube ezenzelwe ukubhekana nezinkinga ezithile zempilo.
8. Ukusetshenziswa Okuqaphile: Uma usebenzisa i-Climbing Oleander ngendlela yayo eluhlaza, kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu. Ukudla imithamo engalungile noma izinto zezitshalo ezingalungiswanga kahle kungaholela ezingozini ezinkulu zempilo.
9. Gwema Ukuzelapha: Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuzihlola kanye nokuzelapha kungaba yingozi. Njalo xhumana nomhlinzeki wezempilo ukuze uthole ukuthi kufanelekile yini ukusebenzisa i-Climbing Oleander ngezidingo zakho ezithile zempilo.
10. Ukunamathela Eziqondisweni Zokuphepha: Uma usebenzisa i-Climbing Oleander, landela iziqondiso zokuphepha kanye nemithamo enconyiwe. Uma kwenzeka noma yikuphi ukusabela okubi, yeka ukusebenzisa ngokushesha bese ucela usizo lwezokwelapha.
Imiphumela Engemihle Yokusebenzisa Isitshalo Semithi iStrophanthus courmontii
1. Isisu Ukucindezeleka: Omunye umphumela ongase ube khona wokusebenzisa i-Strophanthus courmontii, isitshalo esinamandla sokwelapha, ukucindezeleka kwesisu. Lokhu kungabonakala njengesicanucanu, ukuhlanza, noma isisu esibuhlungu. Nakuba lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile zincane, zingaba zingathandeki kwabanye abantu.
2. I-Arrhythmia yenhliziyo: I-Strophanthus courmontii iqukethe amakhemikhali angathinta isigqi senhliziyo. Kwezinye izimo, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile noma umthamo ongafanele walesi sitshalo kungabangela ukungasebenzi kahle kwenhliziyo, okubangela ukuba inhliziyo ishaye ngokungajwayelekile. Abantu abanezinkinga zenhliziyo ezikhona kufanele baqaphele lapho besebenzisa imikhiqizo ethathwe kulesi sitshalo.
3. Umfutho wegazi ophakeme: Omunye umphumela ongase ube khona yi-hypotension, noma umfutho wegazi ophansi. I-Strophanthus courmontii inezakhiwo ezinganciphisa umfutho wegazi, ezingaba wusizo kwabanye abantu. Kodwa-ke, ukuyisebenzisa ngokweqile noma ukuyihlanganisa neminye imithi ehlisa umfutho wegazi kungaholela ekubeni nesiyezi, ukuquleka, noma ezinye izinkinga.
4. Ukusabela Kokungezwani Nomzimba: Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba kungenzeka uma usebenzisa i-Strophanthus courmontii. Lokhu kusabela kungafaka phakathi ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, kanye nokusabela okungathi sína kakhulu njengokuvuvukala noma ubunzima bokuphefumula. Kubalulekile ukuqapha ukusabela komzimba wakho uma usebenzisa noma yimuphi umuthi omusha wamakhambi.
5. Ukuphazamiseka Kokugaya UkudlaAbanye abantu bangase babe nezinkinga zokugaya ukudla njengohudo noma ukuqaqamba lapho besebenzisa i-Strophanthus courmontii. Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuba zesikhashana futhi ziphele njengoba umzimba ujwayela imiphumela yezitshalo.
6. Ukusebenzisana Kwezidakamizwa: I-Strophanthus courmontii ingasebenzisana nemithi ethile, okuhlanganisa naleyo enqunyelwe izimo zenhliziyo noma ukulawulwa komfutho wegazi. Ukuhlanganisa lesi sitshalo nemithi ethile kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi noma kunciphise ukusebenza kahle kwemithi.
7. Isilinganiso Esiphezulu: Ukuthatha umthamo ongaphezu konconywayo we-Strophanthus courmontii kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi eqinile. Kubalulekile ukunamathela kumthamo onqunyiwe ukuze ugweme ukusabela okubi.
8. Izimpawu ZezinzwaKwezinye izimo, i-Strophanthus courmontii ingaholela ezimpawini zezinzwa ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu noma isiyezi. Lezi zimpawu zingase zivele ngenxa yomthelela wezitshalo ekucindezelweni kwegazi nasekujikelezeni kwegazi.
9. Imiphumela Engemihle Yokukhulelwa: Abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele bagweme ukusebenzisa i-Strophanthus courmontii, njengoba ingase iholele emiphumeleni emibi kokubili kumama kanye nosana olusakhula. Kuhlale kuwukuhlakanipha ukubonisana nochwepheshe wezempilo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yimiphi imithi yamakhambi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
10. Ukuzwela kwesithombeAbanye abantu bangase babe nokuzwela okukhulu ekukhanyeni kwelanga ngemva kokusebenzisa i-Strophanthus courmontii. Lokhu kungaholela ekushisweni yilanga kalula kunokujwayelekile. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuvikela ilanga uma usebenzisa lo muthi osekelwe ezitshalweni.
Inani Lokudla Okunomsoco le-Strophanthus courmontii (I-Climbing Oleander)
1. Ama-carbohydrate: Imbewu ye I-Strophanthus courmontii cishe aqukethe ama-carbohydrate, ikakhulukazi ngesimo sezitashi noshukela omncane, okuhlinzeka ngomthombo wamandla ongaba khona, yize ukusetshenziswa kwawo kokudla okunempilo kunqunyelwe ubuthi bezitshalo kanye nokusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwezokwelapha.
2. Ifayibha: I-fibre yokudla ingaba khona ezinhlanyelweni nasezithelweni, okusekela impilo yokugaya ukudla kanye nokusebenza kwamathumbu, okushiwo ngokuhlobene. I-Strophanthus izinhlobo lapho i-fiber isiza khona ekulungiseleleni kwendabuko, kodwa okuqukethwe okunembile akukabhalwa kahle.
3. Amaprotheni: Kulindeleke ukuthi kube namanani amancane amaprotheni embewu, anegalelo ekulungisweni kwezicubu, afana namanye I-Strophanthus izinhlobo ezine-protein engaba ngu-10-15%, yize ubuthi buvimbela indima yazo njengomthombo wokudla okunempilo.
4. Ama-Glycoside Enhliziyo: Imbewu icebile ngama-glycoside enhliziyo njenge-ouabain, asebenzayo emzimbeni kunokuba abe nokudla okunempilo kodwa angathinta izinqubo ze-metabolic, njengokusebenza kwenhliziyo, uma isetshenziswa njengemithi ngemithamo elawulwayo.
5. Amafutha: Imbewu iqukethe cishe uwoyela ongu-30%, ohlinzeka ngamafutha okusekela amandla kanye nolwelwesi lwamaseli, okufana no S. kombe futhi I-S. hispidus, yize uwoyela ungadliwa ngokuvamile ngenxa yobuthi.
6. Ama-Alkaloid: Ama-alkaloid afana ne-choline ne-trigonelline akhona, anikeza izinzuzo ezingaba khona kwezokwelapha kodwa hhayi inani eliqondile lokudla okunempilo, njengoba angathinta ukusebenza kwezinzwa futhi adinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela.
7. Ama-Phenolic Compounds: Ama-phenolics, kufaka phakathi ama-tannins, asebenza njengama-antioxidants esitshalweni, okungenzeka anciphise ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative, yize amazinga awo ku S. courmontii kucatshangelwa ezinhlotsheni ezihlobene futhi akubalwa ngokudla okunempilo.
8. Ama-Saponins: Ama-saponins atholakala embewini, angase asekele impilo yomzimba noma abe nemiphumela yokulwa namagciwane, kodwa indima yawo yokudla ingeyesibili futhi inqunyelwe ubuthi bezitshalo.
9. Amaminerali (i-Calcium): I-trace calcium oxalate ikhona, enegalelo empilweni yamathambo ngokombono, kodwa isimo se-oxalate senza kube yingozi, futhi okuqukethwe kwamaminerali athile akucacisiwe. S. courmontii.
10. Amavithamini: Inani elincane lamavithamini, njenge-ascorbic acid (i-vitamin C), lingaba khona emaqabunga noma embewini, okusekela ukusebenza komzimba, ngokusekelwe ekuhlaziyweni kwezifo ezihlobene. I-Strophanthus izinhlobo.
Iphrofayili yokudla okunempilo I-Strophanthus courmontii ayibhalwanga kahle futhi imbozwe ubuthi bayo obuphezulu obuvela kuma-glycoside enhliziyo, okwenza ingafaneleki njengomthombo wokudla. Imbewu yayo nezinye izingxenye zayo zisetshenziswa kakhulu emithini yendabuko, kanti noma yiziphi izinzuzo zokudla okunempilo ezingase zidinge ukucutshungulwa kabanzi ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi.
Ubufakazi Besayensi kanye Nezifundo Zecala Nge-Strophanthus courmontii
1. I-Włodarczyk and Gleńsk (2022): Lolu cwaningo lwenze ukuthwebula iminwe kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwama-saponins embewini evela ezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo. I-Strophanthus izinhlobo, okuhlanganisa S. courmontii. Ithole futhi yalinganisa ama-saponins, iqinisekisa ukuba khona kwawo kanye nezakhiwo ezingaba khona zokulwa nokuvuvukala, yize inezinzuzo ezithile zezempilo zalokhu. S. courmontii azihlolwanga ngqo emzimbeni (Włodarczyk, M., & Gleńsk, M. (2022). Ukubheka ngokujulile umuthi wamakhambi owaziwayo: Ukunyathelisa ngeminwe, ukuhlukaniswa, ukuhlonza, kanye nokulinganisa okuqukethwe kwama-saponins ezinhlanyelweni ezahlukene ze-Strophanthus. UPlanta Medica, oneminyaka engu-88(6), 576-586).
2. UKrystyna nabanye. (2024): Ukubuyekezwa kwezitshalo ze-cardiotonic, okuhlanganisa I-Strophanthus izinhlobo ezifana S. courmontii, kufingqiwe izifundo zangaphambi kokwelashwa ezibonisa imiphumela ye-cardiac glycosides ekuqineni kwenhliziyo. Ukuhlaziywa kugcizelele ukusetshenziswa kwendabuko kwezimo zenhliziyo ngobufakazi obuncane bezokwelapha, kugcizelela isidingo socwaningo olwengeziwe ngobuthi (Orhan, IE, Gokbulut, A., & Şenol, FS (2017). Adonis sp., Convallaria sp., Strophanthus sp., Thevetia sp., kanye neLeonorus sp.—Izitshalo ze-cardiotonic ezinokusetshenziswa kwendabuko okwaziwayo kanye nezifundo ezimbalwa zangaphambi kokwelashwa kanye nezokwelapha.. Umklamo Wezokwelapha Wamanje, 23(8), 1051-1059).
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Strophanthus courmontii
1. Ingabe I-Strophanthus courmontii kuphephile ukudliwa?
Cha, inobuthi obukhulu ngenxa yama-glycoside enhliziyo embewu, okungabangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma ukufa. Sebenzisa kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwezokwelapha kumalungiselelo endabuko.
2. Yiziphi izingxenye ze I-Strophanthus courmontii zisetshenziswa kwezokwelapha?
Imbewu isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhipheni, kuyilapho amaqabunga nezimpande kwelapha isifo samathambo kanye nezifo zesikhumba emithini yendabuko yase-Afrika, ngokuvamile njengemithi yokwelapha noma imithi yokwelapha.
3. Ithini I-Strophanthus courmontii ukwelapha izifo zenhliziyo?
Okuhlobene I-Strophanthus Izinhlobo zibonisa imiphumela ye-cardiotonic evela kuma-glycosides afana ne-ouabain, kodwa ubufakazi obuqondile bokuthi S. courmontii kulinganiselwe, futhi kubeka engcupheni imiphumela emibi kakhulu ngaphandle kokuqashwa.
4. Yiziphi izindlela zendabuko zokusebenzisa I-Strophanthus courmontii?
In East African communities, it treats rheumatism, acts as an aphrodisiac, and is used for snake bites and skin conditions, with seeds historically as arrow poison.
5. Kuphi lapho I-Strophanthus courmontii ukukhula?
Ivela emahlathini nasezihlahleni eziseduze nemifula eKenya, eTanzania, eMalawi, eMozambique, eZambia naseZimbabwe, kusukela olwandle kuya ekuphakameni kwamamitha angu-1,400.
6. Ingabe I-Strophanthus courmontii kufana nezinye izinhlobo zeStrophanthus?
Cha, yize kufana, S. courmontii ingeyeqembu le-sarmentogenin, ihlukile ngephrofayili ye-glycoside ezinhlotsheni ezifana S. kombe (iqembu le-ouabain) elisetshenziselwa umuthi wenhliziyo.
7. Yiziphi izingozi zokusingatha I-Strophanthus courmontii?
Ukuthinta imbewu noma uju kungabangela ukucasuka kwesikhumba, futhi ukugwinya kuholela ekumisweni kwenhliziyo. Abantu abakhulelwe noma abancelisayo kufanele bakugweme ngokuphelele ngenxa yengozi yokukhulelwa kwesisu.
8. Ithini I-Strophanthus courmontii ingakhuliswa njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa?
Yebo, izimbali zayo ezinephunga elimnandi ziyenza ifaneleke engadini zasezindaweni ezishisayo, kodwa ubuthi bayo budinga ukuqaphela lapho iseduze nezingane nezilwane ezifuywayo.
Unemibuzo, iziphakamiso, noma iminikelo? Uma kunjalo, sicela uzizwe ukhululekile ukusebenzisa ibhokisi lokuphawula elingezansi ukuze wabelane ngemicabango yakho. Sikukhuthaza futhi ukuthi wabelane ngalolu lwazi nabanye abangase bazuze kulo. Njengoba singeke sikwazi ukufinyelela wonke umuntu ngesikhathi esisodwa, siyabonga kakhulu ngosizo lwakho ekusakazeni izwi. Siyabonga kakhulu ngokusekela kwakho nangokwabelana!
Isixwayiso: Lesi sihloko senzelwe izinjongo zemfundo nolwazi kuphela. Izinzuzo zezempilo ezichazwe zisekelwe ocwaningweni lwesayensi nolwazi lwendabuko. Azithathi indawo yeseluleko sochwepheshe bezokwelapha, ukuxilongwa, noma ukwelashwa. Njalo xhumana nochwepheshe wezempilo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yimuphi umuthi wezitshalo noma wemvelo ngezinjongo zezokwelapha.
Funda Futhi: Ukuphathwa Kokudla Nokudla Kwezinkomo