I-Artemisia vulgaris, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-mugwort, isitshalo esibalulekile semithi esisetshenziswe amakhulu eminyaka emithini yendabuko yamakhambi. I-Mugwort, edabuka eYurophu nase-Asia, ingeye-Asteraceae futhi yaziwa ngamaqabunga ayo ahlukile aluhlaza okwesiliva nephunga elimnandi.
Igama lesiNgisi le-Artemisia vulgaris yiMugwort, igama lesiSpanish yi-Artemisa común, igama lesiJalimane yi-Beifuß, i-Assenzio comune igama lesiNtaliyane, iLosna ngesiPutukezi kanye ne-बड़िया (Badiyan) ngesiHindi.
Emithini yendabuko, i-mugwort isetshenziselwe izinhloso ezihlukahlukene ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezingaba khona zokwelapha. Inamafutha abalulekile, ama-flavonoids, nezinye izinhlanganisela ze-bioactive ezinegalelo ekubalulekeni kwayo kwezokwelapha. I-Mugwort isetshenziselwe ukudambisa ukungakhululeki kokugaya, ukukhuthaza isifiso sokudla, nokusiza inqubo yokugaya.
Ivame ukusetshenziswa njengophuzo lwetiye noma isetshenziswe njengemifino yokupheka kwamanye amasiko. Emikhubeni yendabuko, kukholakala ukuthi i-mugwort isekela impilo yabesifazane yokuzala. Ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziselwa ukukhulula izinhlungu zokuya esikhathini nokungahambi kahle, yize ubufakazi besayensi bulinganiselwe kule ndawo.
I-Mugwort kucatshangwa ukuthi inezindawo ezithambile zokulalisa ezingakhuthaza ukuphumula futhi zisize ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokulala. Ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziswa ezingxubeni zamakhambi noma njengamafutha abalulekile ngezinjongo ze-aromatherapy. Ukusetshenziswa kwesihloko se-mugwort, njengama-poultices noma ama-cream, kusetshenziselwe ukubhekana nezinkinga zesikhumba ezifana nokulunywa, ukuvuvukala, namanxeba amancane.
Kukholakala ukuthi izakhiwo ze-Artemisia vulgaris ezilwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-antioxidant zinegalelo kule miphumela. I-Mugwort isetshenziswe emikhubeni yendabuko efana ne-moxibustion, lapho amaqabunga omisiwe e-mugwort ashiswa ezindaweni ezithile ze-acupuncture emzimbeni.
Le ndlela kucatshangwa ukuthi ivuselela ukugeleza kwamandla futhi ithuthukise impilo enhle iyonke. I-Mugwort ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziswa ezitsheni zokupheka, ikakhulukazi ekudleni kwase-Asia. Amaqabunga ayo angasetshenziswa njengemiksi yokunonga izitsha ezihlukahlukene, futhi ukunambitheka kwayo okuyingqayizivele kungeza ukujula kuzindlela zokupheka ezithile.
Izinzuzo Zempilo Zokwelapha ze-Artemisia vulgaris (Mugwort)
1. Usizo Lokugaya Ukudla: I-Mugwort kucatshangwa ukuthi inezinzuzo zokugaya ukudla, esiza ekudambiseni izinkinga ezihlukahlukene zesisu. Isibonelo, ingasiza ekudambiseni ukungagayeki kahle kokudla, ukuqunjelwa, negesi. Izinhlanganisela ezibabayo ku-mugwort zingavuselela ukukhiqizwa kwama-enzyme okugaya futhi zikhuthaze ukugayeka kokudla okungcono. Ukuphuza itiye le-mugwort noma ukulihlanganisa ekudleni kungase kunikeze impumuzo kubantu abanezinkinga zokugaya ukudla.
2. Ukusekelwa Kokuya Esikhathini: I-Artemisia vulgaris ngokwesiko isetshenziselwe ukudambisa izimpawu zokuya esikhathini, okuhlanganisa nokuqaqamba nokuya esikhathini okungavamile. Abanye besifazane bakholelwa ukuthi ukuphuza itiye le-mugwort kungasiza ukulawula umjikelezo wabo wokuya esikhathini futhi kunciphise ubunzima bokuqaqamba. Lesi sitshalo ngezinye izikhathi sisetshenziswa emithini yamakhambi ehlose ukusekela impilo yokuzala yabesifazane.
3. Ukulala nokuphumula: I-Mugwort kuthiwa inezakhiwo ezithambile zokupholisa ezingasiza ekuphumuleni nasekulaleni. Abantu abanenkinga yokuqwasha noma ukungahlaliseki kahle bangaphendukela ku-mugwort njengekhambi lemvelo lokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokulala. Ukuphuza inkomishi yetiye le-mugwort ngaphambi kokulala noma ukusebenzisa amafutha abalulekile afakwe i-mugwort ku-aromatherapy kungase kuthuthukise ukuphumula.
4. Impilo Yesikhumba: Izinhlanganisela ezilwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-antioxidant ezitholakala ku-i-Artemisia vulgaris zisikisela izinzuzo ezingaba khona empilweni yesikhumba. I-Mugwort ingase isetshenziswe ezicelo zokugcoba ukuze kuncishiswe ukucasuka kwesikhumba, njengokulunywa, ukuqubuka, noma amanxeba amancane. Ukwakha isiqeshana ngamaqabunga e-mugwort achotshoziwe futhi ukusifaka endaweni ethintekile kungasiza ekudambiseni ukungakhululeki kwesikhumba.
5. Imikhuba Yokwelapha Yesintu: I-Mugwort iyingxenye ebalulekile yemikhuba yesintu efana ne-moxibustion, lapho amaqabunga e-mugwort omisiwe eshiswa eduze nezindawo ezithile ze-acupuncture emzimbeni. Le ndlela kukholakala ukuthi ivuselela ukujikeleza kwegazi nokugeleza kwamandla. Nakuba ubufakazi besayensi obusekela ukusebenza kwayo bulinganiselwe, abanye abantu bayaqhubeka nokusebenzisa i-moxibustion ngezinkinga ezihlukahlukene zempilo.
6. Ukusetshenziswa Kokupheka: I-Artemisia vulgaris ivamise ukusetshenziswa njengemifino yokupheka, ikakhulukazi ekudleni kwase-Asia. Amaqabunga angase engezwe ezitsheni zesobho, isitshulu, noma zerayisi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunambitheka futhi kunikeze iphunga eliyingqayizivele. Ukusetshenziswa kokupheka kungase kunikeze nenani elincane lezinhlanganisela ezingaba khona ze-bioactive zesitshalo.
Funda Futhi: Izithelo zekhukhamba: Ukubaluleka Kwezomnotho, Ukusetshenziswa kanye Nemikhiqizo Eyengeziwe
Izindlela Zokusetshenziswa Ukuze Kuzuze Izinzuzo Zezempilo Zokwelapha Ze-Artemisia vulgaris (Mugwort)
1. Usizo Lokugaya Ukudla: Lungisa itiye lomhlonyane ngokufaka amaqabunga omhlonyane omisiwe emanzini ashisayo cishe imizuzu engu-5-10. Hlunga uphuze itiye ngaphambi noma ngemva kokudla. Izinhlanganisela ezibabayo ezikumhlonyane zivuselela isimiso sokugaya ukudla, zikhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwama-enzyme okugaya futhi zisiza ekugayeni ukudla. Ukuphuza itiye lomhlonyane ngaphambi noma ngemva kokudla kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukungagayeki kahle kokudla, ukuqumba, negesi.
2. Ukusekela Ukuya Esikhathini: Pheka itiye lomhlonyane usebenzisa amaqabunga omisiwe. Phuza inkomishi yaleli tiye ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi nangexesha lomjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini. Izakhiwo zomhlonyane ezingase ziqede ukuqaqamba kwemisipha zingasiza ekuqedeni isiyezi sokuya esikhathini. Ukuphuza itiye lomhlonyane kungase futhi kunikeze ibhalansi yamahomoni futhi kulawule imijikelezo yokuya esikhathini, kunikeze isiqabu ekungahambisanini.
3. Ukulala Nokuphumula: Lungisa itiye lamakhambi elinokuthulisa elifakwe umhlonyane ngokufaka amaqabunga omhlonyane omisiwe emanzini ashisayo imizuzu engu-10-15. Liphuze ngaphambi kokulala. Izakhiwo ezithambile zomhlonyane zingasiza ekuvuseleleni ukuphumula nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokulala. Ukuphuza itiye lomhlonyane kusihlwa kungase kukhuthaze umuzwa wokuzola, okwenza kube lula ukulala.
4. Impilo Yesikhumba: Dala isiqephu sokwelapha ngokuchoboza amaqabunga omhlonyane amasha noma omisiwe uwaxube namanzi amancane ukuze kwakheke inhlama. Faka inhlama endaweni ethintekile uyimboze ngendwangu ehlanzekile. Izakhiwo zokulwa nokuvuvukala nezokulwa nama-oxidant zomhlonyane zingathulisa ukucasuka kwesikhumba. Ukufaka isiqephu sokwelapha somhlonyane ekushwabeni, ekulumaneni, noma emanxebeni amancane kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala futhi kukhuthaze ukuphola.
5. Imikhuba Yokwelapha Yendabuko: Yenza ukwelashwa kwe-moxibustion nomuntu oqeqeshiwe. Amaqabunga omile e-mugwort agoqwa abe izigaxa noma izinti bese eshiswa eduze kwezindawo ezithile ze-acupuncture emzimbeni. I-Moxibustion ene-mugwort kukholakala ukuthi ivuselela ukugeleza kwamandla, ithuthukise ukujikeleza kwegazi, futhi ithuthukise impilo yonke. Lo mkhuba wendabuko uvamise ukusetshenziswa kanye ne-acupuncture ezinkingeni ezihlukahlukene zempilo.
6. Ukusetshenziswa Kokupheka: Faka amaqabunga amasha noma omisiwe e-mugwort ekuphekeni kwakho. Wengeze esobho, ezitshuleni, ezitsheni zerayisi, noma kumasaladi ukuze uthuthukise ukunambitheka. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-mugwort ekuphekeni kungeza iphunga elimnandi nokunambitheka okuyingqayizivele ezitsheni. Nakuba amanani asetshenziswa ekuphekeni engase anganikezi imiphumela ebalulekile yezokwelapha, asengakunikeza iminonjana yezakhi kanye nezinhlanganisela.
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Imiphumela Emibi Yokusebenzisa Isitshalo Semithi i-Artemisia vulgaris
1. Ukungezwani Komzimba Nezakhi Ezithile: Abantu abanezinto ezingezwani nezitshalo zomndeni we-Asteraceae (njenge-ragweed, ama-marigold, nama-daisy) bangase futhi bangazwani ne-mugwort. Ukusabela okungezwani nakho kungabonakala njengokucasuka kwesikhumba, ukuluma, ububomvu, noma izimpawu zokuphefumula njengokuthimula, ukukhwehlela, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula.
2. Ukuzwela Kwesikhumba: Uma isetshenziswe ngaphandle, i-mugwort ingase ibangele ukuzwela kwesikhumba noma ukucasuka kwabanye abantu. Kungakuhle ukwenza isivivinyo se-patch ngaphambi kokusebenzisa amalungiselelo asekelwe ku-mugwort ezindaweni ezinkulu zesikhumba.
3. Ukukhulelwa Nokuncelisa: Abantu abakhulelwe noma abancelisayo kufanele bagweme ukusebenzisa umhlonyane nganoma iyiphi indlela, ngoba kungathinta ukulinganisela kwamahomoni futhi kungaholela ekuqineni kwesibeletho.
4. Ukusebenzisana Nemithi: Umhlonyane ungase usebenzisane nemithi ethile, ikakhulukazi leyo ethinta ukugeleza kwegazi noma amazinga kashukela egazini. Kubalulekile ukubonana nochwepheshe bezempilo uma uphuza imithi ngaphambi kokusebenzisa umhlonyane njengekhambi lemvelo.
5. Ukucindezeleka Kokugaya: Kwezinye izimo, ukuphuza itiye lomhlonyane noma izithasiselo kungase kuholele ekungakhululekini kwamathumbu njengokuphazamiseka kwesisu, isicanucanu, noma isifo sohudo.
6. Imiphumela Yezinzwa: Imithamo ephezulu yomhlonyane ingaholela ezimpawu zezinzwa ezifana nesiyezi, ikhanda, noma ukudideka.
7. Ukuzwela Isithombe: Abanye abantu bangase babe nokuzwela okukhulu elangeni ngemuva kokusebenzisa umhlonyane, okuholela engozini eyengeziwe yokushiswa yilanga.
8. Ukusabela Okweqile: Uma une-allergies kwezinye izitshalo zomndeni we-Asteraceae, kungenzeka kube nokusabela okweqile nokungezwani komzimba lapho usebenzisa umhlonyane.
Inani Lokudla Okunempilo le-Artemisia vulgaris (Umhlonyane)
1. Ama-Carbohydrate: Amaqabunga neziqu ze-Artemisia vulgaris aqukethe ama-carbohydrate, ngokuyinhloko ngendlela ye-dietary fiber kanye nenani elincane likashukela. Lokhu kunikeza amandla futhi kusekele impilo yokugaya ukudla uma kudliwe ngezindlela ezicutshunguliwe njengamatiye noma izitsha eziphekiwe.
2. I-Fiber: Amaqabunga e-Mugwort awumthombo we-fiber yokudla, esiza ukugayeka kokudla, ithuthukise ukuhamba kwamathumbu njalo, futhi ingasekela impilo yamathumbu. Okuqukethwe kwe-fiber kuphawuleka emaqabunga omisiwe asetshenziselwa izinjongo zokupheka.
3. Amafutha Abucayi: Lesi sitshalo siqukethe amafutha aguquguqukayo afana ne-cineole, i-camphor, ne-thujone, afaka isandla ezakhiweni zaso ezinukayo. Nakuba engeyona into yokudla eyinhloko, lawa mafutha anganikeza izinzuzo zokulwa namagciwane uma esetshenziswa ngokulinganisela.
4. Ama-Flavonoids: I-Artemisia vulgaris icebile kuma-flavonoid afana ne-quercetin ne-rutin, asebenza njenge-antioxidant. Lezi zinhlanganisela zisiza ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative nokuvuvukala, zisekela impilo yonke.
5. Ama-Phenolic Acid: Lesi sitshalo siqukethe ama-phenolic acid, afaka isandla ezakhiweni zaso ze-antioxidant. Lezi zinhlanganisela zingavikela amangqamuzana ekulimaleni futhi zisekele impilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi uma zidliwa njengengxenye yokudla okunomsoco.
6. Ama-Sesquiterpene Lactones: I-Mugwort ifaka ama-sesquiterpene lactones afana ne-vulgarin, okuyizinhlanganisela eziphilayo. Nakuba ingeyona into yokudla ngomqondo ovamile, ingase isekele imiphumela yokulwa nokuvuvukala kanye nokulwa namagciwane.
7. Amavithamini: Amanani amancane amavithamini, ikakhulukazi uvithamini C, akhona emaqabunga e-mugwort. Uvithamini C usekela umsebenzi wokuzivikela komzimba futhi usebenza njenge-antioxidant, nakuba amazinga ehlukahluka ngokusekelwe ekulungiseleleni.
8. Amaminerali (Insimbi): Lesi sitshalo siqukethe amanani amancane ensimbi, ikakhulukazi emaqabunga aso, angaba negalelo empilweni yegazi kanye nokuthuthwa komoyampilo uma idliwe ngezindlela ezingenabungozi.
9. Ama-Coumarin: I-Mugwort iqukethe ama-coumarin, angase abe nezakhiwo zokuqeda amagciwane kanye nokulwa nokuvuvukala. Lezi zinhlanganisela zikhona ngobuningi obuphansi kodwa zenezela inani lemithi yesitshalo.
10. Ama-Terpenoid: Ama-monoterpene namanye ama-terpenoid ku-mugwort anegalelo ezakhiweni zawo zemithi. Lezi zinhlanganisela zingase zisekele impilo yokuphefumula futhi zibe nemiphumela yokulwa namagciwane uma zisetshenziswa emithini yendabuko.
Iphrofayili yokudla okunempilo ye-Artemisia vulgaris imaphakathi kodwa ithuthukiswe izinhlanganisela zayo ze-bioactive, okuyenza ibe yigugu ekudleni kwendabuko nasemithini yamakhambi. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kudinga ukulungiswa ngokucophelela ngenxa yobuthi obungaba khona obufana ne-thujone, okuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokusetshenziswa emateyini, izinongo, noma izicelo zemithi.
Ubufakazi Besayensi Nezifundo Zamacala nge-Artemisia vulgaris
1. Ekiert et al. (2020): Ukubuyekeza kuka-Ekiert et al. kufingqe izakhiwo ze-phytochemical kanye ne-pharmacological ze-Artemisia vulgaris. Lolu cwaningo luqinisekise imiphumela yayo ye-antioxidant, i-hepatoprotective, i-antispasmolytic, kanye ne-analgesic, okubangelwa amafutha abalulekile, ama-flavonoid, kanye nama-sesquiterpene lactone, okwenza kube usizo ezindabeni zokugaya nokugaya ukudla kanye nezindaba ze-gynecological (Ekiert, H., Pajor, J., Klin, P., Rzepiela, A., Ślesak, H., & Szopa, A. (2020). Ukubaluleka kwe-Artemisia vulgaris L. (i-common mugwort) emlandweni wezokwelapha kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo okungenzeka kube khona manje okuqinisekiswa yizifundo ze-phytochemical ne-pharmacological. Molecules, 25(19), 4415).
2. Malik et al. (2019): Lolu cwaningo luhlaziye amafutha abalulekile e-Artemisia vulgaris etshalwe eBrazil. Ibonise umsebenzi obalulekile we-antibacterial kanye ne-antifungal, ikakhulukazi ngokumelene ne-Staphylococcus aureus kanye ne-Candida albicans, okuphakamisa amandla ayo ekwelapheni izifo (Malik, S., et al. (2019). Iphrofayili yamakhemikhali kanye nemisebenzi yebhayoloji yamafutha abalulekile avela ku-Artemisia vulgaris L. etshalwe eBrazil. Pharmaceutical Biology, 57(1), 233-240).
3. Adams et al. (2012): Ucwaningo luka-Adams et al. luphonononge i-Artemisia vulgaris ngemiphumela yayo empilweni yabesifazane, luthola ukuthi inezakhiwo ezincane ze-emmenagogue, ezisekela ukulawulwa kokuya esikhathini. Lolu cwaningo luphinde lwaphawula izinzuzo ezingaba khona ze-dysmenorrhea nezimpawu zokuya esikhathini, nakuba ukusetshenziswa okuqaphile kwanconywa (Adams, J. D., Garcia, C., & Garg, G. (2012). Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris, Artemisia douglasiana, Artemisia argyi) ekwelapheni ukuya esikhathini, i-premenstrual syndrome, i-dysmenorrhea kanye ne-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Chinese Medicine, 3(3), 116-123).
4. Zubair et al. (2020): Ukubuyekezwa okuphelele kuka-Zubair et al. kuqokomise amandla e-Artemisia vulgaris kwezokwelapha, kuqinisekisa imiphumela yayo ye-antioxidant, evimbela ukuvuvuka kanye ne-hepatoprotective. Lolu cwaningo lugcizelele ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwendabuko ekwelapheni izinkinga zesisu nesibindi, okusekelwa iphrofayela yayo ecebile ye-phytochemical (Zubair, Z., et al. (2020). Ukubuyekezwa okuphelele ngamandla okwelapha “umama wamakhambi” – Artemisia vulgaris Linn. Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 6(1), 1-14).
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Njalo Nge-Artemisia vulgaris
1. Ingabe i-Artemisia vulgaris iphephile ukuthi ingadliwa?
Umhlonyane ngokuvamile uphephile ngokulinganisela uma usetshenzisiwe (isb., njengoba itiye noma uphekiwe), kodwa ukudliwa uluhlaza noma imithamo ephezulu ingaba nobuthi ngenxa ye-thujone. Thintana nomhlinzeki wezempilo ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa.
2. Yikuphi ukusetshenziswa kokupheka kwe-Artemisia vulgaris?
Amaqabunga omlonyane asetshenziswa njengesiqholo esibabayo sezinkukhu, amasobho, noma inyama enamafutha ekudleni kwaseNtshonalanga kanye nokunambitha izitsha zelayisi namatiye ekudleni kwase-Asia.
3. Ingabe i-Artemisia vulgaris ingasiza ngezinkinga zokuya esikhathini?
Ubufakazi bendabuko kanye nobesayensi buphakamisa ukuthi bungase busekele ukulawulwa kokuya esikhathini futhi bunciphise i-dysmenorrhea, kodwa imiphumela yayo ye-emmenagogue idinga ukusetshenziswa ngokuqapha, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
4. Ingabe i-Artemisia vulgaris inemiphumela emibi?
Ingase ibangele ukungezwani komzimba kubantu abazwelayo ezitshalweni ze-Asteraceae noma ku-ragweed. Imithamo ephezulu ye-thujone ingaba yi-neurotoxic, futhi ayiphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngenxa yokuvuselela isibeletho.
5. I-Artemisia vulgaris isetshenziswa kanjani emithini yendabuko?
Isetshenziselwa izinkinga zokugaya ukudla, izinkinga zabesifazane, ukukhathazeka, futhi njenge-ejenti elwa namagciwane. Emithini yendabuko yamaShayina, isetshenziswa ku-moxibustion ukuthuthukisa imiphumela ye-acupuncture.
6. Ingabe i-Artemisia vulgaris ingakhuliswa ekhaya?
Yebo, ikhula kahle ezinhlabathini ezomile, ezinelanga kodwa ingaba yingozi ngenxa yesistimu yayo ye-rhizome. Ukuphathwa ngokucophelela kuyadingeka ukuze uvimbele ukuthi ingathathi izintambo ezingadini.
7. Ingabe i-Artemisia vulgaris iyafana ne-wormwood?
Cha, nakuba yomibili ingeyesizwe se-Artemisia, i-Artemisia vulgaris (i-mugwort) yehlukile kune-Artemisia absinthium (i-wormwood), inezinhlanganisela zamakhemikhali ezahlukene nokusetshenziswa.
8. Ingabe i-Artemisia vulgaris inezakhiwo zokulwa namagciwane?
Yebo, izifundo ziyaqinisekisa ukuthi amafutha ayo abalulekile anemiphumela yokulwa namabhaktheriya nesikhunta, okwenza ikwazi ukusiza ekwelapheni izifo uma isetshenziswe ngendlela efanele.
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