I-Milicia excelsa, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-African Teak, isihlahla esihle esiyingozi esingumndeni we-Meliaceae. Lesi sihlahla esikhulu sizalwa ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Afrika futhi siyaziswa kakhulu ngezinkuni zaso kanye nezakhiwo zaso zokwelapha. Ake sihlole izici zezitshalo ezichaza lolu hlobo olumangalisayo.
I-African Teak iyisihlahla esikhulu esingafinyelela ekuphakameni okungamamitha angama-50 (izinyawo eziyi-164) noma ngaphezulu. Ibonisa isiqu esiqondile, esiyindilinga esinomjikelezo omkhulu ngokulinganayo, okusenza sibe uhlobo oluthandwayo embonini yezinkuni. Igxolo lomuthi livamise ukuba lukhuni futhi limdaka ngombala, linemifantu ejulile eyenza ukubukeka kwalo okuhlukile.
Amaqabunga e-Milicia excelsa ayinhlanganisela futhi ahlelwe ngokushintshana emagatsheni. Iqabunga ngalinye lakhiwe ngamapheshana amaningi, avamise ukusuka kumapheshana ayi-7 kuye kwayi-15 ngekhasi lenhlanganisela ngalinye. Lawa mapheshana ayakhula futhi amise okwenkemba, anomphezulu oluhlaza okhazimulayo owenza ubuhle bomuthi.
Isigaba sokuqhakaza se-African Teak siyindawo ethokozisayo. Umuthi ukhiqiza amaqoqo ezimbali ezincane, ezinephunga elimnandi eziphuzi ngokukhanyayo noma ezinombala okhilimu. Lezi zimbali zivamise ukuhlelwa nge-panicles, okudala umbukiso omuhle ngemuva kwamaqabunga aluhlaza omuhle womuthi.
Ngemuva kokuthomba okuphumelelayo, izimbali zinikeza indlela kuma-capsules ezithelo. Lawa ma-capsules ayindilinga futhi anezinkuni, aqukethe imbewu eminingi ngaphakathi. Njengoba bevuthwa, ama-capsules ayavuleka ukuze akhulule imbewu, esatshalaliswa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa umoya nezilwane.
Esinye seziciyelelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-African Teak yikhwalithi yayo ephezulu yezinkuni. Izinkuni ezingaphakathi zomuthi zinombala onsundu obomvu ocebile, ngokuvamile obonisa imivimbo emnyama nokuhlukahluka okuthuthukisa ukubukeka kwawo. Lezi zinkuni zaziwa ngokuqina kwazo, ukumelana nokubola, kanye nokuguquguquka emisebenzini yokubaza.
I-Milicia excelsa ivela emazweni ase-Afrika ahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa kodwa angagcini eNigeria, Ghana, Cameroon, kanye ne-Ivory Coast. Ikhula emahlathini emvula ashisayo nakwezinye izindawo ezimanzi, eziphansi. Ikhono lomuthi lokufinyelela ekuphakameni okumangalisayo nezinkuni zawo ezibalulekile kuwenza ube yimpahla ebalulekile yezomnotho nezemvelo kulezi zifunda.
Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwayo okukhulu embonini yezinkuni, umuthi we-African Teak ubhekane nezinselelo maqondana nokusimama. Kwezinye izindawo, ukugawulwa ngokweqile kuholele ekukhathazekeni ngesimo sokulondolozwa kwale ntlobo. Imizamo yokukhuthaza izindlela zokugawula izihlahla ezisimeme nokuqwashisa ngokubaluleka kokulondolozwa kwalo muthi iyaqhubeka.
Funda Futhi: Umhlahlandlela Wokutshala Nokunakekela Utshani Bamantongomane (Arachis Pintoi)
Izinzuzo Zempilo Zokwelapha ze-Milicia excelsa (African Teak)
1. Amandla Alwa Nokuvuvukala: Izinhlanganisela ezitholakala ku-African Teak zinezakhiwo ezinamandla zokulwa nokuvuvukala. Lezi zinto zemvelo zingasiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zomzimba, zinikeze ukukhululeka ezimeni ezifana nesifo samathambo nobuhlungu bamalunga.
2. Induduzo Yokugaya: Igxolo le-African Teak lisetshenziselwe ngokwesiko ukudambisa ukungakhululeki kokugaya. Ingakusiza ekudambiseni ukungagayeki kahle kokudla, ukuqumba, nezinye izinkinga zesisu, okuthuthukisa isimiso sokugaya esinempilo.
3. Ukulawula Umkhuhlane: I-African Teak isetshenzisiwe ukunciphisa umkhuhlane. Izinhlanganisela zayo zemvelo zisiza ekwehliseni izinga lokushisa lomzimba, zinikeze induduzo ngezikhathi zomkhuhlane.
4. Ukusheshisa Ukuphola Kwezilonda: Amaqabunga negxolo lalo muthi liqukethe izinhlanganisela ezisekela inqubo yokuphola kwezilonda. Uma zisetshenziswe ngaphandle, zingasheshisa ukululama kokusikeka, ukuklwebheka, nokulimala okuncane.
5. Ukuqeda Izinhlungu Ngokwemvelo: I-African Teak inezakhiwo zokubulala izinhlungu ezingasiza ekudambiseni izinhlobo ezahlukene zobuhlungu, okuhlanganisa nekhanda, izinhlungu zemisipha, nobuhlungu bamalunga, inikeze enye indlela yemvelo yokulawula izinhlungu.
6. Ukuzivikela Kuma-Antimicrobial: Izinhlanganisela ezikhona kulesi sitshalo zibonisa imiphumela ye-antimicrobial, okwenza i-African Teak ibe impahla ebalulekile ekulweni nezifo nasekuvimbeleni ukukhula kwezinto eziphilayo eziyingozi.
7. Ukusekela Ukuphefumula: I-African Teak inomlando wokusetshenziswa ekubhekaneni nezinkinga zokuphefumula ezinjengokukhwehlela ne-bronchitis. Izinhlanganisela zayo zemvelo zingasiza ekudambiseni ukucasuka nokukhuthaza ukuphefumula okucacile.
8. Impilo Yenhliziyo: Lesi sitshalo semithi singase sibe nomthelela empilweni yenhliziyo ngokusekela ukujikeleza kwegazi okuhle nokusiza ekugcineni amazinga omlilo wegazi anempilo.
9. Ukulwa Nezifo Zezilokazane: I-African Teak isetshenziswe ngokwesiko njenge-anthelmintic, esiza ekuxosheni izikelemu zomzimba.
10. Ukunakekelwa Kwesikhumba Okunomsoco: Izinhlanganisela zemvelo zomuthi zenza ukuthi zilungele ukunakekelwa kwesikhumba. Zingasiza ekuphatheni izimo zesikhumba ezifana ne-eczema, izinduna, ne-dermatitis, zibe nomthelela esikhumbeni esinempilo.
Funda Futhi: Umhlahlandlela Wokutshala Nokunakekela Utshani Bwebhulashi Lebhodlela (Elymus Hystrix)
Izindlela Zokusetshenziswa Ukuze Kutholakale Izinzuzo Zempilo Ze-Milicia excelsa (Umthelelo wase-Afrika)
1. Ama-decoctions kanye nama-Infusions: Ama-decoctions nama-infusions yizindlela ezidumile zokukhipha izinhlanganisela ezinenzuzo ku-African Teak. Ukuze uthole ukusekelwa kokugaya ukudla kanye nokunciphisa umkhuhlane, lungisa i-decoction ngokubilisa amagxolo emanzini. Ngokudliwa kwangaphakathi, ama-infusions angenziwa ngokufaka amaqabunga noma amagxolo emanzini ashisayo. Lezi zindlela zikuvumela ukuthi udle kalula izakhiwo zokupholisa zalesi sitshalo.
2. Ama-Poultices Okuphulukisa Izilonda: Ukuze usheshise ukuphulukiswa kwezilonda, dala ama-poultices kusuka emaqabungeni achotshoziwe noma amagxolo e-African Teak. Faka i-poultice ngqo endaweni ethintekile ukuze uthuthukise ukululama okusheshayo futhi uvimbele ukutheleleka. Izinhlanganisela zemvelo kulesi sitshalo zingasiza ekupholeni nasekuphulukiseni izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezilonda.
3. Ama-Herbal Teas: Amaqabunga e-African Teak noma amagxolo angasetshenziswa ukwenza ama-herbal teas. Vele ufake ingxenye oyifunayo yesitshalo emanzini ashisayo imizuzu embalwa ukuze udale itiye elithambile nelinambithekayo. Ama-Herbal teas angadliwa ngezinzuzo zawo zempilo jikelele, njengokusekela impilo yokuphefumula noma ukuhlinzeka ngokuphumula kokugaya ukudla.
4. Ukusetshenziswa Kwasendaweni: Uma unezinkinga zesikhumba noma ubuhlungu bendawo, cabanga ukusebenzisa izithako ze-African Teak ngqo esikhunjeni. Lokhu kungenziwa ngamagrisi, izigcobo, noma amafutha aqukethe izakhi ezisebenzayo zalesi sitshalo. Lokhu kusetshenziswa kwasendaweni kunganikeza impumuzo eqondene nezindawo ezithile ezikhathazayo.
5. Ama-Tincture neziKhangiso: Ama-tincture nezi-extract yizinhlobo ezigxilile ze-African Teak ezigcina izakhiwo zayo zokwelapha. Lokhu kungathathwa ngomlomo ngokufaka amaconsi ambalwa emanzini noma kwezinye iziphuzo. Ama-tincture awusizo kakhulu uma kufuneka umthamo onamandla kakhulu.
6. Ukugeza Ngamakhambi: Ukuze uphumule ngokuphelele futhi uthole izinzuzo ezingaba khona esikhunjeni, ungathela amaqabunga e-African Teak noma amagxolo emanzini okugeza. Le ndlela ivumela izakhi zokuphulukisa ukuthi zingene esikhunjeni, zikhuthaze ukuphumula nokuqeda izinkinga zesikhumba.
7. Ukuhogela: Ukuze usekele ukuphefumula, ungahogela umusi ovela ku-decoction noma ku-infusion ye-African Teak. Lokhu kungasiza ekudambiseni ukungaphatheki kahle kokuphefumula futhi kunikeze impumuzo ekukhwehleleni nasekuminyaneni.
8. Ukufakwa Kokudla: Kwezinye izizwe, izingxenye ze-African Teak zifakiwe ezitsheni zendabuko. Ukudla amanani amancane alesi sitshalo njengengxenye yokudla kwakho kungahlinzeka ngezinzuzo zempilo ezithile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
9. Inhlanganisela Yamakhambi: I-African Teak ingasetshenziswa futhi ngokuhlanganiswa namanye amakhambi ukudala imiphumela ehlangene. Ukubonisana nomelaphi wamakhambi noma uchwepheshe wezempilo kungakusiza ukuthi udale ingxube yamakhambi eyenzelwe izidingo zakho ezithile zempilo.
10. Isiqondiso Sobuchwepheshe: Ngaphambi kokufaka i-African Teak ohlelweni lwakho lwezempilo, kubalulekile ukubonana nochwepheshe wezempilo oqeqeshiwe noma isazi sezitshalo. Bangakunikeza isiqondiso somuntu siqu ngemithamo, ukusetshenziswa kanye nokusebenzisana okungenzeka neminye imithi.
Imiphumela Emibi Yokusebenzisa Isitshalo Semithi iMilicia excelsa
1. Ukungezwani Komzimba: Abantu abaziwa ngokungezwani nezitshalo zomndeni wakwaMeliaceae, lapho i-African Teak ingeyakhona, kufanele baqaphele. Ukungezwani komzimba, njengokuthi ukuqubuka kwesikhumba noma ukuphefumula kanzima, kungenzeka lapho uthintana noma udla.
2. Umthamo Nokulinganisela: Ukudla ngokweqile i-African Teak kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi. Kubalulekile ukunamathela emithamo enconyiwe kanye nemihlahlandlela yokusetshenziswa. Thintana nochwepheshe wezempilo noma isazi sezitshalo ukuze unqume inani elifanele lezidingo zakho ngazinye.
3. Ukukhulelwa Nokuncelisa: Abantu abakhulelwe nabancelisayo kufanele basebenzise i-African Teak ngokuqapha. Ulwazi olulinganiselwe luyatholakala mayelana nokuphepha kwayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa. Thintana nomhlinzeki wezempilo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-African Teak njengomuthi kulezi zimo.
4. Ukusebenzisana Kwezidakamizwa: Uma uphuza imithi noma unezimo zempilo ezingaphansi, qaphela ukusebenzisana okungenzeka phakathi kwe-African Teak nemithi yemithi. Thintana nochwepheshe wezempilo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi akukho ukusebenzisana okubi.
5. Ukucindezeleka Kwamathumbu: Nakuba i-African Teak isetshenziselwe ukusekela ukugaya ukudla ngokwesiko, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kungaholela ekungakhululekeni kwamathumbu. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile, yeka ukuyisebenzisa futhi uthintane nomhlinzeki wezempilo.
6. Ikhwalithi Nomthombo: Qinisekisa ukuthi uthola i-African Teak emithonjeni ethembekile ukuze uqinisekise ikhwalithi nobuqiniso bayo. Ukuthola umthombo ofanele kungakusiza ukuthi ugweme ukungcola okungaba khona noma ukuxutshwa.
7. Ukuhluka Komuntu ngamunye: Ukusabela komuntu ngamunye emithini yamakhambi kungahluka. Lokho okusebenzela umuntu oyedwa kungase kungamfanele omunye. Naka izimpawu zomzimba wakho futhi uthintane nochwepheshe wezempilo uma unezinkinga.
8. Ukusetshenziswa Kwesikhathi Eside: Nakuba i-African Teak inomlando wokuyisebenzisa ngokwesiko, ukuphepha kwayo kwesikhathi eside akukafundwa kabanzi. Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside noma okweqile kufanele kusetshenziswe ngokuqapha.
9. Izingane Nabadala: Izingane nabantu abadala kufanele basebenzise i-African Teak ngaphansi kokuqondisa kochwepheshe wezempilo. Imithamo ingadinga ukulungiswa ngokusekelwe eminyakeni nasesimweni sempilo.
10. Yeka Ukusetshenziswa Uma Kudingeka: Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi, njengokungezwani komzimba nokuthile, ukungakhululeki kokugaya ukudla, noma izinkinga zesikhumba, yeka ukusebenzisa i-African Teak futhi ufune usizo lwezokwelapha uma kunesidingo.
Inani Lokudla Kwe-Milicia excelsa (African Teak)
1. Ama-Flavonoidi: I-Milicia excelsa iqukethe ama-flavonoidi kuzicatshulo zayo ezinamanzi, ikakhulukazi emaqabungeni nasemaxolo. Lezi zinhlanganisela zinezakhiwo zokulwa nokuguga ezingasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative nokuvuvukala emzimbeni.
2. Ama-Polyphenol: Lesi sitshalo sicebile ngezakhi ze-polyphenolic, ikakhulukazi i-chlorophorin, enegalelo emiphumeleni yaso yokulwa nokuguga nokuvuvukala, isekela impilo yamaselula kodwa ayisebenzi njengomsoco oyinhloko.
3. Ama-Tannin: Ama-tannin akhona emaxolweni nasemacembeni, angase asize ekugayeni ukudla ngokuhlanganisa amaprotheni, nakuba ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kungase kwehlise ukumuncwa kwezakhamzimba ngenxa yemvelo yazo eqinile.
4. Ama-Saponin: Ama-Saponin, atholakala kuzicatshulo zesitshalo, angase asekela umsebenzi wezokuzivikela komzimba nokulawulwa kwe-cholesterol, kodwa indima yawo yokudla ilinganiselwe ngenxa yobuthi obungaba khona ngamanani aphezulu.
5. Ama-Alkaloidi: Ama-Alkaloidi akhona emaxolweni futhi angase abe nemiphumela ye-pharmacological, njengezakhiwo zokulwa namagciwane, kodwa awabalulekile ngokomsoco futhi angaba nobuthi.
6. Ama-Carbohydrate: Amaqabunga namaxolo aqukethe amanani amancane ama-carbohydrate, ahlinzeka ngomthombo omncane wamandla, nakuba ungabalulekile ngokwanele ukuthi kuthenjelwe kuwo ekudleni.
7. Amaprotheni: Amanani amancane amaprotheni atholakala kuzicatshulo ezinamanzi ze-Milicia excelsa, anegalelo elincane ezidingweni zokudla okunempilo kodwa ayingomthombo oyinhloko wamaprotheni.
8. Ama-Glycoside: Lesi sitshalo siqukethe ama-glycoside, okuhlanganisa i-excelsoside, i-benzylic diglycoside emaqabungeni, engase ibe nezakhiwo zokwelapha kodwa ayinayo inzuzo eqondile yokudla okunempilo.
9. Ama-Trace Minerals: Lesi sitshalo singaqukatha ama-trace minerals afana ne-zinc noma i-iron, nakuba kungekho datha eqondile, futhi ukungcola okungenzeka kwensimbi esindayo kungase kubangele izingozi uma isetshenziswa.
10. I-Fiber: Amaqabunga, uma esetshenziselwa ukufulela noma ekulungiseleleni kwendabuko, angase ahlinzeke nge-dietary fiber, asize ekugayeni ukudla, kodwa lokhu akukhona ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko ngenxa yezinkinga zobuthi.
Ubufakazi Besayensi Nezifundo Zamacala ngeMilicia excelsa
1. Imiphumela Elwa Nesifo Sikashukela: UDjomeni Dzeufiet et al. (2014) uphenye i-aqueous extract ye-Milicia excelsa stem bark kumagundane ane-dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance. I-extract (50 no-100 mg/kg) yehlise kakhulu ushukela egazini, i-insulin, ama-triglycerides, i-total cholesterol, namazinga e-ALT, yehlisa i-HOMA-IR index ngo-57.53% no-66.64%, okubonisa amandla okulawula i-insulin resistance. (Djomeni Dzeufiet, P. D., et al., 2014, Umphumela wokuvimbela we-Milicia excelsa (Moraceae) aqueous extract ku-dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance egundaneni, Ijenali Yocwaningo Yezokwelapha, Isayensi Yezinto Eziphilayo Nezamakhemikhali, 5(4), 1232).
2. Izakhiwo Ezilwa Nokuvuvukala: I-methanol extract ye-Milicia excelsa stem bark ibonise izakhiwo ezilwa nokuvuvukala ze-in-vivo, njengoba kuphawulwe ocwaningweni olucashunwe ku-Protabase. Lokhu kusekela ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwendabuko ekwelapheni izimo zokuvuvukala, nakuba izindlela ezithile zokusebenza zazingachazwanga ngokuningiliziwe. (I-Protabase – Izinsiza Zezitshalo zaseTropical Africa, n.d.).
3. Umsebenzi Olwa Nama-Amoeba: Izinhlanganisela ezimbili ze-phenolic, i-chlorophorin ne-iroko, ezihlukaniswe ku-Milicia excelsa, zibonise umsebenzi olwa nama-amoeba we-in-vitro, okusikisela ukuthi zingaba nekhono lokwelapha izifo eziyizilwanyane ezifana ne-amoebiasis, nakuba ukusetshenziswa komtholampilo kungakahlolwa. (Protabase – Izinsiza Zezitshalo zase-Afrika Eshintshashintshayo, ayikho idethi).
4. Amandla Okwenza Isikhumba Sibe Mhlophe: I-Chlorophorin, okuyinhlanganisela ye-phenolic ku-Milicia excelsa, ivimbela i-melanin biosynthesis, futhi i-derivative yayo, i-hexahydrochlorophorin, ibonisa amandla okusetshenziswa ezintweni zokwenza isikhumba sibe mhlophe nokwelapha izinkinga ze-pigmentation, njengoba kuphawulwe ocwaningweni olucashunwe ku-Protabase. (Protabase – Izinsiza Zezitshalo zase-Afrika Eshintshashintshayo, ayikho idethi).
5. I-Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): U-Bouckandou et al. (2025) bathole ukuthi i-Milicia excelsa ilungise i-hyperandrogenism, yehlisa ukwakheka kwe-cyst, futhi yathuthukisa impilo ye-follicle kumagundane ane-PCOS ebangelwe yi-letrozole, okusikisela amandla okulawula izinkinga zokuzala. (Bouckandou, M., et al., 2025, I-Milicia excelsa (Moraceae) ibuyisele emuva imiphumela yokuvinjelwa kwe-aromatase ebangelwe yi-letrozole kumagundane ane-polycystic ovary syndrome, ResearchGate).
6. Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Excelsoside: U-Ouete et al. (2014) bahlukanise i-excelsoside, i-benzylic diglycoside entsha emagqabungeni e-Milicia excelsa, bephawula izakhiwo zayo ezingaba khona zokwelapha, nakuba izinzuzo ezithile zezempilo zingazange zihlolwe ngokugcwele. (Ouete, J. L. N., et al., 2014, I-Excelsoside: I-benzylic diglycoside entsha evela emagqabungeni e-Milicia excelsa, Zeitschrift Fur Naturforschung Section C-A Journal of Biosciences, 69(7-8), 271-273).
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Njalo Nge-Milicia excelsa
1. Ingabe i-Milicia excelsa iphephile ukuthi ingadliwa?
Nakuba isetshenziswa emithini yendabuko, iqukethe ama-alkaloids nama-glycosides angaba nobuthi. Amalungiselelo athile kuphela, njengokukhishwa kwamagxolo anamanzi, asetshenziswa ngaphansi kokuqondiswa okuqinile.
2. Yimiphi imisebenzi yezokwelapha ye-Milicia excelsa?
Amagxolo namaqabunga asetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sikashukela, ukukhwehlela, izinkinga zenhliziyo, ukungazali, nokuvuvukala. Izithako zokukhipha zibonise imiphumela elwa nesifo sikashukela, elwa nokuvuvukala, nelwa ne-amoebic.
3. Ingabe i-Milicia excelsa ingadliwa njengokudla?
Cha, ayiwona umthombo wokudla ngenxa yobuthi bayo nokusetshenziswa kwayo okuyinhloko njengokhuni. Izingxenye zayo zokudla okunomsoco zincane futhi azilungele ukusetshenziswa ekudleni.
4. Isetshenziswa kanjani i-Milicia excelsa emithini yendabuko?
Amagxolo ayimpuphu, amaqabunga, i-latex, nomlotha kusetshenziswa ekuhlungweni noma ekuphuzweni ukuze kwelashwe izifo ezinjengesifo sikashukela, i-bronchitis, nokungazali, ngokuvamile okunikezwa ngomlomo.
5. Yiziphi izinzuzo zemvelo ze-Milicia excelsa?
Isebenza njengesitsha sekhabhoni nge-biomineralization, ivimbela ukukhukhuleka kwenhlabathi, inikeza umthunzi, futhi isekela izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo nge-agroforestry.
6. Kungani i-Milicia excelsa ibhekwa njengesengozini?
Ukuvunwa ngokweqile kwezinkuni zayo ezibalulekile nokulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala kunciphise inani layo, okuholela esimweni sayo esiseduze nokuhaqeka ohlwini oluBomvu lwe-IUCN.
7. I-Milicia excelsa isatshalaliswa kanjani?
Ikhuliswa ngezinhlamvu, ezilahlekelwa ukusebenza ngokushesha futhi kufanele zitshalwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokukhipha. Izithombo ziyachuma emhlabathini ovundile, okhanyayo kahle onelanga eligcwele.
8. Ingabe i-Milicia excelsa inemiphumela eyingozi?
Yebo, i-latex yayo nezingxenye ezingakagaywa zingadala ukucasuka kwesikhumba noma ubuthi uma ziginyiwe, futhi ukungcola kwensimbi esindayo kungase kubeke izingozi ezengeziwe.
Funda Futhi: Ukondla Umhlaba: Ukubaluleka Kokulima Izitshalo Okusimeme