I-Pleiocarpa mutica, eyaziwa kakhulu nge-African White Indigo, iyisihlahla esihlala njalo esingaphansi komndeni wakwa-Rubiaceae. Lesi sitshalo esithakazelisayo sivela ezifundeni ezithile zase-Afrika futhi sihehe ukunakekelwa ngezici zaso ezihlukile zezitshalo kanye nezakhiwo zemithi. Ake sibheke ngokucophelela incazelo yezitshalo ye-Pleiocarpa mutica:
I-Pleiocarpa mutica ivamise ukukhula ibe ubude obungaba imitha elingu-1 kuya kwemi-2. Iveza ukubukeka okuminyene nokuhlanganisiwe, enamagatsha amaningi amancane aphuma esisekelweni.
Amaqabunga e-Pleiocarpa mutica amise okwencephe, abushelelezi, futhi ayakhanya. Ahlelwe ngokumelene komunye nomunye ezihlahleni. Ubukhulu beqabunga bungahluka, kodwa ngokuvamile busukela kumamilimitha angu-5 kuya kwangu-12 ngobude. Amaqabunga anemibala eluhlaza okujulile kanye nomgogodla obalulekile.
Amaqoqo ezimbali ezincane ezinamashubhu ayisici esihlukile se-Pleiocarpa mutica. Izimbali ngokuvamile zimhlophe noma zipinki okusawolintshi futhi zinephunga elincane, elimnandi. Ziphuma emikhawulweni yamagatsha kumaqoqo aminyene, okwakha isiboniso esithakazelisayo ngokubukeka.
Lesi sitshalo sikhiqiza izithelo ezincane, eziyindilinga ezikhula ngamaqoqo. Lezi zithelo zivuthwa zisuka kokuluhlaza ziye emibaleni emnyama, ngokuvamile zibonakala zimnyama noma zinsomi ngokujulile uma sezivuthwe ngokugcwele. Isithelo ngasinye siqukethe imbewu engasetshenziselwa ukuzalanisa.
I-Pleiocarpa mutica ivamise ukutholakala emathafeni, ezindaweni ezinotshani, nasehlathini elivulekile ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene ze-Afrika, ikakhulukazi emazweni afana neNigeria, Ghana, neCameroon. Ukukwazi kwayo ukuzivumelanisa nezinhlobo ezahlukene zenhlabathi nezimo zokukhula kunomthelela ekwandeni kwayo kulezi zifunda.
I-Pleiocarpa mutica isetshenziswe imiphakathi yomdabu ngezinto zayo zokwelapha. Izimpande zayo, amaqabunga, namagxolo kuvame ukuvunwa futhi kulungiselelwe amakhambi ahlukahlukene abhekana nezinkinga ezihlukahlukene zezempilo.
Njengoba kunjalo ngezinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo, isimo sokongiwa kwe-Pleiocarpa mutica singase sibe yindaba ekhathazayo ngenxa yokulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala kanye nezinguquko zemvelo. Imizamo yokongiwa okuhloswe ngayo ukulondoloza izindawo zemvelo lapho lesi sitshalo sichuma khona ibalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqhubeka kokuba khona kwayo.
Funda Futhi: Izinzuzo Zezempilo Eziyi-14 Zamaqabunga e-Uziza (Piper guineense)
Izinzuzo Zezempilo Zokwelapha ze-Pleiocarpa Mutica (i-African White Indigo)
1. Imiphumela Elwa Nokuvuvukala: I-Pleiocarpa mutica iqukethe izinhlanganisela ezinezakhiwo ezinamandla zokulwa nokuvuvukala. Lezi zinhlanganisela zisiza ekudambiseni izimo ezihlobene nokuvuvukala njengesifo samathambo nobuhlungu bamalunga.
2. Indlu Yamandla E-Antioxidant: Lesi sitshalo sicebile kuma-antioxidants alwa nokucindezeleka kwe-oxidative, avikela amangqamuzana ekulimaleni futhi anciphise ubungozi bezifo ezingamahlalakhona.
3. Usizo Lokugaya Ukudla: I-Pleiocarpa mutica isetshenziselwe ukwelapha izinkinga zokugaya ukudla. Ingakusiza ukuthulisa isisu esicasukile, inciphise ukuqunjelwa, futhi ithuthukise ukugaya ukudla okuphelele.
4. Umxhasi Wezempilo: Ukudla njalo i-Pleiocarpa mutica kungaqinisa amasosha omzimba, okwenza umzimba ukwazi ukumelana nezifo kalula.
5. Ukuqeda Ubuhlungu: Lesi sitshalo sinezakhiwo zokudambisa ubuhlungu ezenza sibe usizo ekuphatheni ubuhlungu, kungaba yikhanda, ubuhlungu bemisipha, noma ukungakhululeki kokuya esikhathini.
6. Ukuphulukiswa Kwezilonda: Izithako ezivela ku-Pleiocarpa mutica zinezakhiwo zokuphulukisa izilonda. Zingasetshenziswa ngaphandle ukukhuthaza ukuphulukiswa okusheshayo kokusikeka, imivimbo, nezilonda ezincane.
7. Umsebenzi Olwa Namagciwane: Ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi i-Pleiocarpa mutica inemiphumela yokulwa namagciwane, engasiza ekulweni nokutheleleka kwamagciwane ngaphakathi nangaphandle.
8. Impilo Yokuphefumula: Lesi sitshalo saziwa nangokuthi sisekela impilo yokuphefumula. Ingasiza ekudambiseni izimpawu zokukhwehlela, umkhuhlane, nokuqunjelwa kokuphefumula.
9. Ukusekelwa Kwezinhliziyo Nemithambo Yegazi: I-Pleiocarpa mutica ingase ibe nomthelela empilweni yenhliziyo ngokusiza ukulawula umfutho wegazi namazinga e-cholesterol.
10. Ukulwa Nokukhathazeka Nokuphumula: Okunye ukusetshenziswa kwendabuko kwalesi sitshalo kuhilela izakhiwo zaso zokupholisa, ezingasiza ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka futhi zikhuthaze ukuphumula.
Funda Futhi: Izinzuzo Zezempilo Zokwelapha Eziyi-12 Ze-Catnip (Nepeta)
Izindlela Zokusetshenziswa Ukuze Kutholakale Izinzuzo Zezempilo Ezinikeziwe Ze-Pleiocarpa Mutica (African White Indigo)
1. Ukufakwa Kwamakhambi Namatiye: Lungisa ukufakwa kwamakhambi noma amatiye ngokucwilisa amaqabunga e-Pleiocarpa mutica noma izimpande emanzini ashisayo. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe izinhlanganisela ezizuzisayo zesitshalo, okwenza kube lula ukusidla futhi ujabulele izinzuzo zaso zezempilo.
2. Izicelo Zendawo: Dala ama-poultice, amafutha okugcoba, noma okhilimu usebenzisa izithako ze-Pleiocarpa mutica. Faka lezi zinto ngaphezulu ezilondeni, ekulimaleni, noma emisipheni ebuhlungu ukuze uthole imiphumela yayo yokupholisa neye-analgesic.
3. Ukuhogela Umusi: Ukuhogela umusi ofakwe i-Pleiocarpa mutica kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukungakhululeki kokuphefumula. Bilisa amanzi ngamaqabunga esitshalo bese uhogela umusi ukuze uqede ukuminyana.
4. Ama-Tincture: Lungisa ama-tincture ngokucwilisa izingxenye zesitshalo ze-Pleiocarpa mutica otshwaleni noma kwenye i-solvent. Ama-tincture ayizinto ezikhishwe kakhulu ezingancibilika emanzini ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.
5. Ukusetshenziswa Kokupheka: Ezinye izizwe zihlanganisa i-Pleiocarpa mutica ezitsheni zokupheka. Nakuba le ndlela ingase ingazisebenzisi ngokugcwele izakhiwo zemithi zesitshalo, isengase inikeze izinzuzo ezithile zezempilo.
6. Izithasiselo Zokugeza: Ukwengeza izithako ze-Pleiocarpa mutica emanzini okugeza kungase kunikeze umuzwa ophumuzayo nowokwelapha. Le ndlela ingathoba kakhulu ezimeni zesikhumba.
7. Amafutha Okusikha: Faka amafutha okuthwala nge-Pleiocarpa mutica ukuze udale amafutha okusikha. Lawa mafutha angasetshenziswa ukunciphisa ukungezwani kwemisipha nokukhuthaza ukuphumula.
8. Ama-Capsule Amakhambi noma Amathebulethi: Uma ilungiselelwe isazi sezokwelapha esiqeqeshiwe, izithako ze-Pleiocarpa mutica zingafakwa ku-capsule noma zicindezelwe zibe amathebulethi ukuze zisetshenziswe kalula.
9. Umuthi Wokugeza Umlomo noma Wokuxukuza: Sebenzisa umuthi wokugeza umlomo onothe nge-Pleiocarpa mutica noma izixazululo zokuxukuza ukuze uthuthukise impilo yomlomo futhi unciphise ukungakhululeki emlonyeni.
10. I-Aromatherapy: Amafutha abalulekile e-Pleiocarpa mutica, uma etholakala, angasetshenziswa ku-aromatherapy. Ukuhogela iphunga lawo kungase kunikeze ukuphumula nezinzuzo zokuthuthukisa imizwa.
Imiphumela Emibi Yokusebenzisa Isitshalo Semithi i-Pleiocarpa Mutica
1. Ukungakhululeki Kokugaya Ukudla: Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwe-Pleiocarpa mutica kungaholela ekungakhululeki kokugaya ukudla, okuhlanganisa ukuphazamiseka kwesisu, ukuqumba, noma isifo sohudo.
2. Ukungezwani Komzimba: Abanye abantu bangase bazwele izinhlanganisela ezikhona ku-Pleiocarpa mutica. Ukungezwani komzimba kungabonakala njengokushisa kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, noma izimpawu zokuphefumula njengokuthimula nokuminyana.
3. Ukusebenzisana Nemithi: I-Pleiocarpa mutica ingasebenzisana nemithi ethile. Uma uphuza imithi yezimo zempilo ezikhona, thintana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa lesi sitshalo ukuze ugweme ukusebenzisana okungenzeka.
4. Ukukhulelwa Nokuncelisa: Abantu abakhulelwe nabancelisayo kufanele baqaphele lapho besebenzisa i-Pleiocarpa mutica. Ulwazi olulinganiselwe luyatholakala mayelana nokuphepha kwayo kulezi zimo, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuthintana nochwepheshe wezempilo.
5. Ukusetshenziswa Ngokweqile: Nakuba i-Pleiocarpa mutica inikeza izinzuzo zempilo, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile akukhuthazwa. Ukulinganisela kubalulekile ukuze ugweme imiphumela emibi engase ibe khona.
6. Ukuzwela Komuntu Ngamunye: Njengasemuthini wonke wamakhambi, ukusabela komuntu ngamunye kungahluka. Lokho okulingana umuntu oyedwa kungase kungalingani omunye. Qala ngenani elincane futhi uqaphele ukusabela komzimba wakho.
7. Ayiyona Indawo Yokwelashwa Kwezokwelapha: I-Pleiocarpa mutica akufanele ibhekwe njengendawo yokwelashwa kwezokwelapha. Ngaso sonke isikhathi thembela iseluleko sezokwelapha esiqeqeshiwe ngezimo ezinkulu zempilo.
8. Ikhwalithi Nomthombo: Ikhwalithi nomthombo wemikhiqizo ye-Pleiocarpa mutica kungathonya kakhulu ukuphepha nokusebenza kwayo. Qinisekisa ukuthi uthola imikhiqizo emithonjeni ethembekile.
9. Izingane Nabadala: Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kuthathwe lapho kucatshangelwa i-Pleiocarpa mutica ezinganeni noma kubantu abadala. Imizimba yabo ingase isabele ngokuhlukile, futhi isiqondiso sochwepheshe siyatuswa.
10. Ukusetshenziswa Kwesikhathi Eside: Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, okungaqashwanga kwe-Pleiocarpa mutica kungase kuholele emiphumeleni yezempilo engalindelekile. Kunconywa ukuyisebenzisa ngaphansi kokuqondiswa uchwepheshe wezempilo.
Inani Lokudla Okuphilayo Le-Pleiocarpa Mutica (I-African White Indigo)
1. Amaprotheni: Imbewu ye-Pleiocarpa mutica cishe iqukethe amaprotheni, njengoba kuvamile ezitshalweni zomndeni wakwa-Apocynaceae. Amaprotheni asekela ukulungiswa kwemisipha nemisebenzi ye-enzymatic, nakuba amanani aqondile angalotshwanga kahle ngenxa yezifundo ezinomkhawulo zokudla okunomsoco.
2. Ama-Carbohydrate: Izithelo nembewu kungase kunikeze ama-carbohydrate, ngokuyinhloko ngesimo sikashukela noma isitashi. Lokhu kusebenza njengomthombo wamandla, kodwa umnikelo wabo wokudla okunomsoco awuncane ngaphandle kokucubungula ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha.
3. Imicu: Amaqabunga nezithelo kulindeleke ukuthi aqukethe imicu yokudla, esiza ukugayeka kokudla futhi ithuthukise impilo yamathumbu. Okuqukethwe kwemicu kuqagelwa ezinhlotsheni ezihlobene, njengoba imininingwane eqondile nge-Pleiocarpa mutica iyindlala.
4. Ama-Alkaloidi: Lesi sitshalo sicebile ngama-alkaloidi afana ne-kopsinine, anezakhiwo ze-pharmacological. Nakuba engeyona imisoco, lezi zakhi zingase zibe nomthelela emiphumelweni yokwelapha, njengomsebenzi we-anticholinergic, uma zisetshenziswe ngemithamo elawulwayo.
5. Izinhlanganisela ze-Phenolic: I-Pleiocarpa mutica cishe iqukethe ama-phenolics, asebenza njengama-antioxidant. Lokhu kungase kwehlise ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative futhi kusekele impilo yeselula, nakuba amaphrofayili athile e-phenolic angakachazwa ngokugcwele.
6. Ama-Flavonoidi: Ubukhona be-flavonoidi buqagelwa ezinhlotsheni ezihlobene ze-Apocynaceae. Lezi zinhlanganisela zingase zinikeze izinzuzo zokulwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-antioxidant, zisekela impilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kanye nokuzivikela komzimba.
7. Amaminerali (I-Calcium): Inani elincane le-calcium lingase libe khona emaqabungeni noma ezithelweni, libe nomthelela empilweni yamathambo nomsebenzi wemisipha. Okuqukethwe kwamaminerali okuqondile akukafundwa kahle, okukhawulela izimangalo ezinembile zokudla.
8. Amavithamini: Lesi sitshalo singase siqukathe amanani amancane amavithamini, njengevithamini C, ikakhulukazi emaqabungeni aso noma ezithelweni. Ivithamini C isekela umsebenzi wokuzivikela komzimba futhi isebenza njenge-antioxidant, kodwa imininingwane ethile ayikho.
9. Ama-Saponini: Ama-saponini, avamile ezitshalweni ze-Apocynaceae, angase abe khona futhi angase asekela impilo yokuzivikela komzimba noma abe nemiphumela yokulwa namagciwane. Indima yazo yokudla incane, njengoba ziyizinhlanganisela eziphila kakhulu.
10. Amafutha Anamafutha: Izinhlamvu zingase ziqukethe ama-lipid amancane, anikeza amandla futhi asekela ubuqotho be-cell membrane. Kodwa-ke, okuqukethwe kwe-lipid kungenzeka kuphansi, futhi izifundo ezinemininingwane ziyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ubukhona bazo.
Ubufakazi Besayensi Nezifundo Zamacala ngePleiocarpa Mutica
1. Verpoorte et al. (1980): Lolu cwaningo luhlukanise i-alkaloid kopsinine ku-Pleiocarpa mutica futhi lwabonisa umsebenzi wayo we-anticholinergic in vitro, luphakamisa amandla okwelapha izimo ezifana ne-muscle spasms noma izinkinga zokugaya. Okutholakele kugqamisa amandla ayo e-pharmacological kodwa kuqaphelisa ngobuthi (Verpoorte, R., van Beek, T. A., & Baerheim Svendsen, A. (1980). I-Kopsinine, i-indole alkaloid evela ku-Pleiocarpa mutica. Phytochemistry, 19(7), 1531-1532).
2. Adebayo et al. (2010): Ucwaningo luka-Adebayo et al. luphenye izicatshulo zamahlamvu ze-Pleiocarpa mutica ngezindawo zayo zokulwa nokuvuvukala kanye nokunciphisa izinhlungu kumamodeli ezilwane. Izicatshulo zinciphise kakhulu ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu, zisekela ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwendabuko ezinhlungwini zesisu nezimo ezihlobene nazo (Adebayo, S. A., et al. (2010). Imisebenzi yokulwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-analgesic yezicatshulo zamahlamvu ze-Pleiocarpa mutica. Ijenali Yocwaningo Lwezitshalo Zokwelapha, 4(18), 1829-1834).
3. Ogbole et al. (2017): Lolu cwaningo luhlolisise umsebenzi wokulwa nesifo sikamalaleveva wama-extracts amaqabunga e-Pleiocarpa mutica ngokumelene ne-Plasmodium berghei emagundwini. Ama-extracts abonise ukucindezelwa okukhulu kwamagciwane, okuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa kwawo ngokwesiko ekwelapheni umalaleveva eNtshonalanga Afrika (Ogbole, O. O., et al. (2017). Umsebenzi we-in vivo wokulwa nomalaleveva wamaqabunga e-Pleiocarpa mutica. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 204, 176-181).
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Njalo Nge-Pleiocarpa Mutica
1. Ingabe i-Pleiocarpa mutica iphephile ukuthi ingadliwa?
Cha, iqukethe ama-alkaloid ayingozi ne-latex, okwenza ukudliwa okuluhlaza kube yingozi. Amalungiselelo emithi yendabuko adinga ukucutshungulwa ngokucophelela, futhi ukusetshenziswa kufanele kuqondiswe ochwepheshe.
2. Iziphi izingxenye ze-Pleiocarpa mutica ezisetshenziswa njengemithi?
Amaqabunga, amagxolo, nezimpande zisetshenziswa emithini yendabuko ekwelapheni izinhlungu zesisu, umalaleveva, isifo sokuqina kwesibindi, kanye nokuqunjelwa, ngokuvamile zilungiswa njengama-decoction noma ama-infusion.
3. Ingabe i-Pleiocarpa mutica ingalapha umalaleveva?
Yebo, izifundo ziyaqinisekisa ukuthi ama-extracts amaqabunga ayo anomsebenzi wokulwa nomalaleveva, okusekela ukusetshenziswa kwayo ngokwesiko eNtshonalanga Afrika ekwelapheni izimpawu zomalaleveva.
4. Ingabe i-Pleiocarpa mutica ihlobene nezitshalo ze-indigo?
Naphezu kwegama elithi “African White Indigo,” ingeyomndeni we-Apocynaceae, hhayi umndeni we-Fabaceae we-indigo yangempela (uhlobo lwe-Indigofera), futhi ayikhiqizi dayi ye-indigo.
5. Ingabe i-Pleiocarpa mutica ingakhuliswa ezingadini?
Yebo, itshalwa njengesihlahla sokuhlobisa ezindaweni ezishisayo nezifudumele ngenxa yezimbali zayo ezinuka kamnandi. Idinga ilanga eligcwele noma umthunzi oyingxenye kanye nomhlabathi okhanyayo, omanzi.
6. Yiziphi izingozi zokuphatha i-Pleiocarpa mutica?
Ubisi olumhlophe lwesitshalo lungacasula isikhumba namehlo, futhi ukudla izingxenye ezingaphekiwe kungabangela ubuthi, okuholela ezimpawu ezinjengokucanuzela noma isiyezi. Phatha ngokucophelela.
7. I-Pleiocarpa mutica isetshenziswa kanjani ngokwesiko?
ENtshonalanga Afrika, isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo zezinso, ubuhlungu besisu, umalaleveva, nesifo sokuphuza. Amaqabunga noma amagxolo abilisiwe enziwa itiye noma asetshenziswe njenge-poultice yokuqeda izinhlungu.
8. Ingabe i-Pleiocarpa mutica inenani lokuhlobisa?
Yebo, amaqabunga ayo aluhlaza okotshani nezimbali ezimhlophe ezinuka kamnandi kuyenza ibe isitshalo sokuhlobisa esithandwayo ezingadini ezishisayo, imvamisa esetshenziselwa uthango noma njengesihlahla esizimele.
Ingabe unayo imibuzo, iziphakamiso, noma iminikelo? Uma kunjalo, zizwe ukhululekile ukusebenzisa ibhokisi lokuphawula elingezansi ukuze wabelane ngemicabango yakho. Siphinde sikukhuthaze ukuthi wabelane ngalolu lwazi nabanye abangase bazuze kulo. Njengoba singenakufinyelela kuwo wonke umuntu ngesikhathi esisodwa, sikwazisa kakhulu usizo lwakho ekusakazeni igama. Ngiyabonga kakhulu ngosizo lwakho nangokwabelana!
Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Lesi sihloko senzelwe izinjongo zemfundo nokwazisa kuphela. Izinzuzo zezempilo ezichaziwe zisekelwe ocwaningweni lwesayensi nolwazi lwendabuko. Azithathi indawo yeseluleko sezokwelapha esichwepheshile, ukuxilongwa, noma ukwelashwa. Njalo thintana nochwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma iyiphi imithi yamakhambi noma yemvelo ngezinjongo zokwelapha.
Funda Nalokhu Futhi: Ungaqala Kanjani Ipulazi Lezinto Eziphilayo