I-Caragana sinica, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi umuthi wophizi waseChina noma uphondo oluphuzi oluyiphutha lwaseChina, iyisihlahla esishiyayo noma umuthi omncane ovela eChina. Ingowomndeni wakwaFabaceae, owaziwa nangokuthi umndeni kaphizi noma wemidumba. Lesi sitshalo siyathokozelwa ngezimfanelo zaso zokuhlobisa futhi sivame ukusetshenziswa ekwakheni ingadi.
Umuthi kaphizi waseChina uvame ukukhula ube ubude obungamafithi ayi-10-15 (amamitha ayi-3-5), nakuba ngezinye izikhathi ungafinyelela kumafithi ayi-20 (amamitha ayi-6). Lesi sitshalo sinomkhuba wokukhula ovulekile, omise okwe-vase ngamagatsha agobile. Sikhiqiza amaqabunga e-pinnate aqukethe amaqabunga amaningi.
Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kuya ekuqaleni kwehlobo, i-Caragana sinica ikhiqiza izimbali ezincane, eziphuzi ngokugqamile, ezifana nophizi ezikhula ziqoqiwe. Lezi zimbali zikhanga kakhulu futhi zineqhaza ekubeni yigugu lokuhlobisa lalesi sitshalo.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, lesi sitshalo sikhiqiza izikhwebu zembewu ezifana nezikhwebu zophizi ezincane. Lezi zikhwebu ziqukethe imbewu futhi zenezela isithakazelo esibonakalayo esitshalweni.
I-Caragana sinica yaziwa ngekhono layo lokubekezelela izimo ezomile uma isimisile. Lokhu kuyenza ibe yintandokazi yokulima ezindaweni ezomile noma ukwakha ingadi ezindaweni ezinokutholakala kwamanzi okulinganiselwe.
Lesi sitshalo silungele izimo zezulu ezibandayo futhi singamelana namazinga okushisa abandayo, okusenza sifanelekele ukukhula ezifundeni ezinobusika obubandayo.
Umuthi kaphizi waseChina ukhetha inhlabathi ekhipha amanzi kahle futhi ungabekezelela izinhlobo eziningi zenhlabathi. Iphinde ikhule kahle elangeni eligcwele kuya ezimeni zomthunzi oyingxenye.
Ngenxa yezimpande zaso eziqinile kanye nekhono lokukhula ezimeni ezinzima, i-Caragana sinica kwesinye isikhathi isetshenziselwa ukulawula ukuguguleka nokuzinzisa inhlabathi ezindaweni ezivame ukuguguleka.
Kuyafaneleka ukuqaphela ukuthi kwezinye izifunda ezingaphandle kwendawo yazo yomdabu, i-Caragana sinica ibhekwe njengeyingozi. Ikhono layo lokusimama nokusakazeka ezindaweni ezintsha liveze ukukhathazeka kwezinye izindawo zemvelo.
Funda futhi: 20 Izinzuzo Zempilo Zokwelapha ze-Erythrophleum couminga (Isihlahla Sekhokho Sase-Afrika)
Izinzuzo Zempilo Zokwelapha ze-Caragana Sinica (Isihlahla sikapele saseChina)
I-Caragana sinica, eyaziwa nangokuthi isihlahla sikapele saseChina noma i-Chinese false yellowhorn, isetshenzisiwe emithini yendabuko ngezinjongo ezahlukahlukene. Nazi izinzuzo zezempilo zokwelapha ezingu-7 ezihambisana ne-Caragana sinica:
1. Izakhiwo Ezilwa Nokuvuvukala: Okunye ukusetshenziswa kwendabuko kwe-Caragana sinica kusikisela ukuthi ingase ibe nezakhiwo ezilwa nokuvuvukala. Ezinhlelweni zemithi yendabuko, isetshenziselwe ukwelapha izimo ezihlobene nokuvuvukala, njenge-arthritis nobuhlungu bamalunga. Kodwa-ke, izifundo zesayensi ziyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe le miphumela engenzeka futhi kuqondwe izindlela ezihilelekile.
2. I-Antioxidant Umsebenzi: I-Caragana sinica iqukethe izinhlanganisela ezifana nama-flavonoids, ama-phenolic acid, nezinye izinto zamakhemikhali ezinezakhiwo ze-antioxidant. Ama-antioxidant asiza ukunciphisa ama-free radical ayingozi emzimbeni, ahileleke ezifweni ezingamahlalakhona ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi nezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza.
3. Impilo Yokugaya Ukudla: Eminye imikhuba yendabuko ihlanganisa ukusebenzisa i-Caragana sinica ukusekela impilo yokugaya ukudla. Isetshenziselwe ukunciphisa izimpawu zokungagayeki kahle kokudla nokukhuthaza ukugayeka kokudla okunempilo. Nokho, ucwaningo lwesayensi lwesimanje olugxile ngqo emiphumeleni yalo ekugayweni kokudla lulinganiselwe.
4. Ukuphola Kwenxeba: Emithini yendabuko, i-Caragana sinica isetshenziswe ngaphandle ezilondeni ukusiza inqubo yazo yokuphola. Kukholakala ukuthi amandla aleli tshelo okukhipha ukuvuvukala kanye nezakhiwo zokuphulukisa izilonda angaba nomthelela kulomphumela. Noma kunjalo, kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwalo ekupholiseni izilonda.
5. Izimo Zokuphefumula: Ukusetshenziswa kwendabuko kwe-Caragana sinica kufaka phakathi amakhambi ezinkinga zokuphefumula ezifana nokukhwehlela nemikhuhlane. Abanye basikisela ukuthi izakhiwo zalesi sitshalo zingaba nomphumela opholile ohlelweni lokuphefumula. Kodwa-ke, ubufakazi besayensi obusekela lezi zimangalo buyatholakala.
6. Amandla Okulwa Namagciwane: Olunye ucwaningo luhlolisise umsebenzi wokulwa namagciwane we-Caragana sinica extracts. Kucatshangwa ukuthi amanye ama-compounds kulesi sitshalo angavimbela ukukhula kwamanye amagciwane. Lo msebenzi wokulwa namagciwane ongaba nawo ungaba nemiphumela ekwelapheni izifo, kepha kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe.
7. Immunomodulatory Imiphumela: Ukusetshenziswa kwendabuko kwe-Caragana sinica kusikisela ukuthi kungaba nemiphumela ohlelweni lokuzivikela ezifweni. Kodwa-ke, izifundo zesayensi ezihlola izakhiwo zayo ze-immunomodulatory ziyatholakala, futhi kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe ukuze kuqondwe ukuthi zingawuthinta kanjani umsebenzi wokuzivikela ezifweni.
Funda Futhi: Izinzuzo Zempilo Ezingama-20 Zokwelapha ze-Helichrysum Petiolare (Isitshalo se-Licorice)
Izindlela Zokusetshenziswa Ukuze Kutholakale Izinzuzo Zempilo Ze-Caragana Sinica (Isihlahla Sombila SaseChina)
Nansi incazelo ejwayelekile yokuthi i-Caragana sinica isetshenziswe kanjani ukuze kutholakale izinzuzo zempilo zokwelapha ezishiwo ngaphambilini:
1. Izakhiwo Ezilwa Nokuvuvukala: Amaqabunga noma izithako ezikhishwe ku-Caragana sinica kungenzeka ukuthi zisetshenziswe emalungiselelweni endabuko njengamathi noma izinhluza. Amaqabunga noma ezinye izingxenye zezitshalo zingase zivunwe, zomiswe, bese zibiliswa zibe yiti ngokuzifaka emanzini ashisayo. Leli ti lingase lisetshenziswe ukuze kuncishiswe izinkinga ezihlobene nokuvuvukala.
Imithamo yendabuko ingahluka kakhulu, futhi ngaphandle kwemihlahlandlela yesayensi, kunzima ukunquma umthamo othize. Ukubonisana nesazi sezokwelapha ngamakhambi noma uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo kungase kube kuhle.
2. Umsebenzi we-Antioxidant: Ngokufanayo, amaqabunga noma izithako ezikhishiwe zingasetshenziswa ukwenza amathi acebile nge-antioxidant noma amalungiselelo. Ukubilisa iti ngokufaka amaqabunga omisiwe noma izingxenye zezitshalo emanzini ashisayo kuyindlela evamile. Leli ti lingase lisetshenziswe ukuze kuzuzeke ezakhiweni zalo ze-antioxidant.
Imithamo ingase isekelwe emikhubeni yendabuko, kodwa kuyanconywa ukuthi kuthintwe uchwepheshe ngaphambi kokunquma imithamo efanele.
3. Impilo Yokugaya Ukudla: Empilweni yokugaya ukudla, amaqabunga noma izithako zezitshalo zingase zisetshenziswe ukulungiselela amakhambi emvelo. Ukwenza ingxube noma isihlungo ngokufaka izingxenye zezitshalo emanzini ashisayo kungaba yindlela evamile. Ukuphuza uketshezi olulungiselelwe kungase kunconywe.
Imithamo yendabuko ingahluka, kodwa futhi, ukubonisana nochwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo noma isazi sezokwelapha ngamakhambi kubalulekile.
4. Ukuphulukana Kwenxeba: Ngokusetshenziswa kwangaphandle, izifutho noma amakhambi enziwe ngezingxenye zezitshalo ezichotshoziwe noma ezicutshungulwe zingase zisetshenziswe ezilondeni. Izingxenye zezitshalo zingachotshozwa futhi zisetshenziswe ngokuqondile endaweni ethintekile njengesifutho. Ngokunye, izicatshulo zingafakwa emagcotshweni noma kumakha okugcotshwa endaweni.
Njengoba lokhu kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle, imithamo ayiyona inkinga. Noma kunjalo, ukubonana nochwepheshe bezempilo kuselulekwa.
5. Izimo Zokuphefumula: Amakhambi endabuko ezinkinga zokuphefumula kungenzeka ukuthi ahlanganisa nokuphuzwa kwetiye noma ukufakwa. Ukulungisa itiye ngokucwilisa izingxenye zezitshalo ezomile emanzini ashisayo kuyindlela evamile. Ukuhogela umusi ovela etiyeni elishisayo kungase kusikiselwe ukukhululeka kokuphefumula.
Imithamo yendabuko ingahluka, kodwa izidingo zomuntu ngamunye kufanele kuxoxwe ngazo nochwepheshe bezempilo.
6. Amandla Okulwa Namagciwane: Imiphumela engaba khona yokulwa namagciwane kungenzeka ukuthi iholele ekusetshenzisweni kweCaragana sinica emakhambini ezitshalo zokwelapha izifo. Ukuphuza itiye noma ukulungisa ezinye izinhlobo zezicatshulo zezitshalo kungase kusetshenziselwe ukusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi.
Njengoba lokhu kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi okungenzeka, imithamo izodinga isiqondiso sobuchwepheshe.
7. Imiphumela Yokulungisa Amasosha Omzimba: Ukusetshenziswa kwendabuko kungenzeka ukuthi kuhilela ukufaka isitshalo emakhambini ahlukahlukene okusekela amasosha omzimba. Ukuphuza itiye noma ukudala ukufakwa kungaba yizindlela zokulungiselela isitshalo ukuthi sisetshenziswe.
Imiphumela Eside Yokusebenzisa Isitshalo Semithi I-Caragana Sinica
1. Ukusabela Okweqile Emzimbeni: Abanye abantu bangase babe nokungezwani nezinhlanganisela ezithile ezitholakala ku-Caragana sinica. Ukusabela okweqile emzimbeni kungabonakala njengokushisa isikhumba, ukulunywa, ububomvu noma ngisho nokusabela okubi kakhulu kubantu abazwelayo.
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu zokusabela okweqile emzimbeni ngemuva kokusebenzisa i-Caragana sinica, yeka ukuyisebenzisa futhi ufune usizo lwezokwelapha.
2. Ukucindezeleka Kwamathumbu: Amakhambi emithi, ikakhulukazi uma edliwe ngobuningi obukhulu noma engalungiswa kahle, ngezinye izikhathi angaholela ezinkingeni zamathumbu ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwesisu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza noma isifo sohudo.
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ngemuva kokusebenzisa i-Caragana sinica, kuyalulekwa ukuthi uyeke ukuyisebenzisa futhi uthintane nochwepheshe bezempilo.
3. Umuthi Ukusebenzisana: Amakhambi emithi, afaka i-Caragana sinica, angasebenzisana nemithi okungenzeka ukuthi uyayiphuza. Njengoba ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali esitshalo kungafundwanga kahle, kunengozi yokusebenzisana nemithi kadokotela noma ezinye izithasiselo zemithi.
4. Ukukhulelwa Nokuncelisa: Abantu abakhulelwe nabancelisayo kufanele baqaphele lapho besebenzisa amakhambi emithi, njengoba imiphumela yezitshalo eziningi ezinganeni ezisakhula nezinsana ingaqondakali kahle.
5. Ukuntuleka Kokwelapha Ubufakazi: Omunye umphumela oside ongase ube khona wokusebenzisa i-Caragana sinica ukuntuleka kobufakazi bokwelapha obuqinisekisiwe bokusebenza kahle nokuphepha kwayo.
Inani Lokudla Okunempilo le-Caragana sinica (Isihlahla Sikapele Esiyi-Chinese)
1. Amaprotheni: Izinhlamvu ze-Caragana sinica ziqukethe cishe u-20-30% wamaprotheni, ahlinzeka ngama-amino acid abalulekile ekulungisweni kwemisipha nemisebenzi ye-metabolic.
2. I-Dietary Fiber: Njengoba kunama-fiber angaba ngu-5-10% ezinhlamvini, isekela impilo yokugaya ukudla, ilawula ushukela osegazini, futhi ikhuthaza ukusutha.
3. Ama-Carbohydrate: Izinhlamvu zinikeza ama-carbohydrate angama-40-50%, asebenza njengomthombo wamandla emisebenzini yansuku zonke kanye nemisebenzi yomzimba.
4. Ama-Flavonoid: Njengoba iqukethe i-100-200 mg/100g, ama-flavonoid ahlinzeka ngemiphumela ye-antioxidant, anciphisa ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative nokuvuvukala.
5. Ama-Stilbenoid: Izinhlanganisela ezifana ne-α-viniferin ne-miyabenol C (10-50 mg/100g) zifaka isandla ezakhiweni ezi-anti-inflammatory ne-neuroprotective.
6. Ama-Saponin: Atholakala ku-20-40 mg/100g, ama-saponin asekela umsebenzi wezokuzivikela komzimba futhi angasehlisa amazinga e-cholesterol.
7. Amafutha Anamafutha: Izinhlamvu zikhiqiza amafutha anamafutha angu-8-12%, ahlinzeka ngamandla futhi asekela impilo ye-cell membrane.
8. I-Vitamin C: Itholakala ngamanani amancane (5-10 mg/100g), isekela impilo yezokuzivikela komzimba futhi isebenza njenge-antioxidant.
9. I-Calcium: Njengoba inama-50-100 mg/100g, i-calcium isiza empilweni yamathambo nasemsebenzini wemisipha.
10. I-Potassium: Ku-200-300 mg/100g, i-potassium isekela impilo yenhliziyo, ukulinganisela koketshezi, nokudluliselwa kwezinzwa.
Ubufakazi Besayensi kanye Nezifundo Zamacala nge-Caragana sinica
1. He et al. (2017): Lolu cwaningo luthole ama-flavonoid kumakha wezimpande ze-Caragana sinica, okukhombisa imiphumela ye-antioxidant kanye ne-anti-inflammatory in vitro, okusekela ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwendabuko ekwelapheni ukuvuvukala nokukhathala. He, Q., Zhao, Y., & Zhang, Z. (2017). Chemical constituent analysis of Caragana sinica roots. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 204, 123–130.
2. Sun et al. (2023): Abacwaningi bathole ukuthi ama-oligostilbene avela eziqu ze-Caragana sinica abonise imiphumela ye-hypoglycemic kumamodeli amagundane anesifo sikashukela, anciphisa amazinga kashukela egazini ngo-15-20%, okusikisela ukuthi angase asetshenziselwe ukuphathwa kwesifo sikashukela. Sun, X., Ma, J., Li, C., Zang, Y., Tian, J., Li, L., Li, Y., Ye, F., & Zhang, D. (2023). Hypoglycemic oligostilbenes from the stems of Caragana sinica. Bioorganic Chemistry, 134, 106458.
3. Luo et al. (2010): Lolu cwaningo luhlukanise ama-oligostilbene amahlanu amasha avela ezimpandeni ze-Caragana sinica, okukhombisa umsebenzi obalulekile wokulwa nokuvuvukala emasikweni amaseli, okuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo ekwelapheni isifo samathambo ne-neuralgia. Luo, H. F., Zhang, L. P., & Hu, C. Q. (2010). Five novel oligostilbenes from the roots of Caragana sinica. ChemInform, 32(37).
4. UMeng nabanye. (2018): Izicatshulo eziphelele ze-flavonoid (TFC) ezivela ku-Caragana sinica (15-60 mg/kg) zehlise ivolumu ye-cerebral infarct futhi zathuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni kumodeli yegundane yesifo sohlangothi se-ischemic, okubonisa imiphumela evikelayo ne-angiogenic. Meng, Q., Wang, Y., & Chen, Y. (2018). I-Total flavonoids ku-Caragana (TFC) ithuthukisa i-angiogenesis futhi ithuthukise ukunqwabelana kwegazi ebuchosheni kumodeli yegundane yesifo sohlangothi se-ischemic. Imingcele ku-Neuroscience, 12, 635.
5. UKulanthaivel nabanye. (1995): Ama-Stilbenoid avela ku-Caragana sinica abonise umsebenzi wokulwa nomdlavuza in vitro ngokumelene nemigqa yamangqamuzana omdlavuza webele, esekela izimangalo zendabuko zokwelapha umdlavuza webele. Kulanthaivel, P., Janzen, W. P., Ballas, L. M., & Jiang, J. B. (1995). Izithiyo ze-protein kinase C ezenzeka ngokwemvelo. I-Planta Medica, 61(1), 41–44.
6. UPiao nabanye. (2004): Izicatshulo ze-Caragana sinica zibonise umsebenzi we-phytoestrogenic kuma-assay asekelwe kumaseli, zisekela ukusetshenziswa kwayo emithini yendabuko yezinkinga zabesifazane njenge-dysmenorrhea. Piao, H. R., Jin, S. H., & Kim, Y. S. (2004). Umsebenzi we-Phytoestrogenic wezicatshulo ze-Caragana sinica. Ijenali ye-Ethnopharmacology, 95(2-3), 255–261.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Caragana sinica (Isihlahla Sombila SaseChina)
1. Iyini i-Caragana sinica?
I-Caragana sinica, eyaziwa ngokuthi uMthi We-Pea waseChina, siyihlahla esikhishwa e-Asia, esetshenziswa emuthini wendabuko wamaShayina futhi njengesitshalo esidliwayo kwezinye izifunda.
2. Ingabe izinhlamvu nezimbali ze-Caragana sinica ziyadliwa?
Yebo, izimbali nezinhlamvu ezincane ziyadliwa, zivame ukusetshenziswa njengemifino noma ekudleni kwezokwelapha, kodwa izinhlamvu kufanele ziphekwe ngenxa yokunambitheka kwazo okungathandeki kanye nobuthi obungenzeka.
3. Izinzuzo zezempilo ezinikezwa yi-Caragana sinica yiziphi?
Inemiphumela yokulwa nokuvuvukala, i-antioxidant, i-hypoglycemic, i-neuroprotective, kanye ne-phytoestrogenic, esekela ukwelashwa kwe-arthritis, isifo sikashukela, isifo sohlangothi, kanye nokuphazamiseka kwabesifazane.
4. Ingabe i-Caragana sinica iphephile ukuyidla?
Ngokulinganisela, ibhekwa njengephephile, kodwa ukuyidla ngokweqile kungase kubeke izingozi ngenxa yezinhlanganisela ezifana ne-L-canavanine; thintana nomhlinzeki wezempilo ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa.
5. Isetshenziswa kanjani i-Caragana sinica emuthini wendabuko?
Izimpande zayo nezimbali zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophezulu, i-arthritis, ukukhathala, kanye nokuphazamiseka kwabesifazane, ngokuvamile ilungiswa njengemihluzi noma izicatshulo.
6. Ingabe i-Caragana sinica ingasiza ngesifo sikashukela?
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ama-oligostilbene ayo ehla ushukela egazini, okuyenza ibe usizo olungenzeka ekulawulweni kwesifo sikashukela.
7. I-Caragana sinica ikhula kuphi?
Ivela eChina, ikakhulukazi eMongolia naseTibet, ichuma enhlabathini enesihlabathi, ekhanyayo ngokugcwele, futhi ilinyelwa izinjongo zokuhlobisa nezokwelapha.
8. Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yokusebenzisa i-Caragana sinica?
Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kungase kubangele ubuthi obuncane noma izinkinga zokugaya ngenxa yama-saponin noma i-L-canavanine; kunconywa ukulinganisela kanye nokwelulekwa kwezokwelapha.
Funda Futhi: Indima Yokunisela Ekubhekaneni Nokushoda Kwamanzi Kwezolimo