I-Belladonna (i-Atropa belladonna) isitshalo esingapheli esaziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwaso emlandweni kokubili kwezokwelapha kanye nobuthi. Ungowomndeni wakwaSolanaceae, ohlanganisa nezinye izitshalo ezaziwa kakhulu njengotamatisi, amazambane, nopelepele.
I-Belladonna ingakhula ibe ngamamitha angu-2 (amafidi angu-6.5) ukuphakama. Inesiqu esinamagatsha namaqabunga nezimbali ezihlelwe ngobude baso.
Amaqabunga makhulu, amise okweqanda, futhi akhombe ekugcineni. Ngokuvamile ziba ngu-10-20 cm (4-8 amayintshi) ubude futhi 5-10 cm (2-4 amayintshi) ububanzi. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani ngombala, kanti indawo engaphezulu ibushelelezi, kanti ngaphansi kungaba noboya obuncane.
I-Belladonna ikhiqiza izimbali ezimise okwebell ezingaba nsomi, zibe luhlaza-mhlophe, noma zibomvana imbala. Izimbali zivame ukuba ngu-2-4 cm (0.8-1.6 amayintshi) ubude futhi zilenga phansi kusukela eziqwini. Banokubukeka okuyingqayizivele, okuthi ukuthusa.
Lesi sitshalo sikhiqiza amajikijolo amancane acwebezelayo acishe abe ngu-1-2 cm (0.4-0.8 amayintshi) ububanzi. Lamajikijolo aqukethe ama-alkaloid anobuthi anikeza lesi sitshalo amandla aso okwelapha nobuthi.
Incazelo yeBhotanical yeBelladona
1. Uhlobo Lwezitshalo Nomndeni: I-Belladona, ngokwesayensi eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Atropa belladonna, isitshalo esihlala njalo se-herbaceous esomndeni wakwaSolanaceae. Ibonakala ngemvelo yayo eqinile futhi ehlanganisayo, ngokuvamile ifinyelela ubude obungu-3 kuya ku-5 wamafidi. Isakhiwo sezitshalo siqukethe isiqu esimaphakathi esinamagatsha asemaceleni, okwenza ukubukeka kwesihlahla.
2. Amahlamvu: Amaqabunga eBelladona makhulu, a-ovate, futhi anombala oluhlaza ojulile. Ahlelwa ngokushintshana eduze kwesiqu, abonisa umkhawulo oshelelayo futhi omagagasi kancane. Ingaphezulu lamaqabunga livame ukucwebezela, okunezela ezitshalweni ukukhanga kobuhle.
3. Izimbali: I-Belladona ikhiqiza izimbali ezihlukile ezimise okwensimbi ezingahlukahluka ngombala, kusukela kokunsomi kuya kokunsomi. Lezi zimbali zikhula ngamaqoqo futhi zinesakhiwo se-tubular, isici sezitshalo emndenini we-Solanaceae. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza ngokuvamile sivela ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kuya ekuqaleni kwehlobo.
4. Izithelo: Izithelo zezitshalo ziyijikijolo elimnyama elicwebezelayo, elingenakudliwa futhi linobuthi. Amajikijolo aqukethe imbewu eminingi futhi akhiwa ngemva kokuphola ngempumelelo. Nakuba amajikijolo angase akhange ngokubukeka, ubuthi bawo buyisici esibalulekile esihlukanisa iBelladona.
Ukusatshalaliswa kwendawo yeBelladona
1. Ibanga Lomdabu: IBelladona idabuka ezingxenyeni ezithile zeYurophu, kuhlanganise neNtshonalanga neYurophu Ephakathi. Ikhula kahle ezindaweni ezipholile ezinomhlabathi ohlanzekile futhi ivame ukutholakala ezindaweni ezinamahlathi, izimfunda, kanye nezindawo ezinomthunzi oyingxenye. Izitshalo ezincamelayo ezimweni ezithile zemvelo zinomthelela ekusabalaleni kwazo endle.
2. Izindawo Ezethuliwe Nezemvelo: Ngenkathi izalelwa eYurophu, iBelladona yethulwe kwezinye izifunda emhlabeni jikelele. Sekuvele ngokwemvelo ezindaweni ezithile, ukujwayela izimo zezulu ezifanele. Kwezinye izimo, itshalwa ngenani layo lokuhlobisa, okunikela ebukhoneni bayo ngale kwebanga layo lendabuko.
3. Indawo yokuhlala ethandwayo: I-Belladona ikhombisa ukuthanda izindawo zokuhlala ezinomhlaba ocebile, oswakeme kanye nomthunzi oyingxenye. Izindawo ezinamapulangwe ezinengxube yokukhanya kwelanga nomthunzi zinikeza izimo ezikahle zokukhula kwayo. Ukuqonda ukusatshalaliswa kwezindawo kusiza ekutholeni nasekuhlonzeni isitshalo ezindaweni ezihlukene.
4. Indima Yemvelo: Ezindaweni zayo zendabuko nezethulwa, iBelladona idlala indima ku-ecosystems yendawo. Nakuba ubuthi ezilwaneni eziningi ngenxa yokuba khona kwama-alkaloid e-tropane, izinambuzane ezithile zingase zithuthukise ukujwayela ukudla esitshalweni ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa ubuthi baso.
I-Chemical Composition of Belladona
1. Tropane Alkaloids: IBelladona yaziwa ngokuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kwama-alkaloid e-tropane, okuhlanganisa i-atropine, i-scopolamine, ne-hyoscyamine. Lawa ma-alkaloid anesibopho sezakhiwo ezinobuthi ezitshalweni futhi anemiphumela ebalulekile yezemithi. I-Atropine, isibonelo, isetshenziswa kwezokwelapha ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ze-antimuscarinic.
2. Ama-Flavonoid: IBelladona iqukethe ne-flavonoid, okuyizinhlanganisela ezaziwa ngezakhiwo zazo zokulwa ne-antioxidant. Lawa ma-metabolites esibili anomthelela ekwakhekeni kwamakhemikhali sezitshalo futhi angaba nomthelela ekusebenzisaneni kwawo kwemvelo.
3. Amafutha Abalulekile: Lesi sitshalo sikhiqiza amafutha abalulekile, anomthelela ephunga laso elihlukile. Lawa mafutha, ngenkathi ekhona ngamanani amancane uma kuqhathaniswa ne-tropane alkaloid, engeza enkingeni yamakhemikhali yeBelladona.
4. Glycoalkaloids: Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali eBelladonas kuhlanganisa i-glycoalkaloids, okuyizinhlanganisela zemvelo ezitholakala ezitshalweni ezithile zomndeni wakwaSolanaceae. Lezi zinhlanganisela zifundelwe imisebenzi yazo engase ibe khona yezemithi futhi zingaba nomthelela ku-bioactivity yonke ye-Belladona.
Inani Lomsoco Le-Belladonna (Atropa Acuminata)
1. I-Atropine: I-Belladonna, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Atropa acuminata noma i-nightshade ebulalayo, iqukethe i-atropine, i-tropane alkaloid ethinta isimiso sezinzwa ngokuvimbela ama-acetylcholine receptors. Nakuba ingesona isakhi somzimba ngomqondo wendabuko, i-atropine isetshenziswa emizuzwini embalwa, imithamo elawulwayo kwezemithi ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ze-anticholinergic, ezingasiza ukuphatha izimo ezifana ne-bradycardia noma ukuvuthwa amathe ngokweqile. Ukuba khona kwayo esitshalweni kuyenza ibaluleke ngokwemithi, nakuba iyingozi kakhulu ngamanani angalawulwa.
2. I-Scopolamine: Enye i-alkaloid eyisihluthulelo ku-belladonna, i-scopolamine, ikhona emaqabunga, izimpande, namajikijolo. Kuthinta isimiso sezinzwa esimaphakathi, kubangele imiphumela yokulalisa ngemithamo emincane. Ngokwezokwelapha, isetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukugula okunyakazayo kanye nesicanucanu sangemva kokuhlinzwa, kodwa indima yayo yokondleka ayibalulekile ngenxa yobuthi bayo. Imiphumela ye-Scopolamine ebuchosheni igqamisa ukuthi kungani i-belladonna ingadliwa njengokudla.
3. I-Hyoscyamine: Le alkaloid, ehlobene eduze ne-atropine, itholakala ngobuningi obuphawulekayo ezimpandeni namaqabunga e-belladonna. I-Hyoscyamine inezindawo zokulwa ne-antispasmodic, ezisetshenziswa kuzilungiselelo zezokwelapha ukuze kukhululwe imisipha emathunjini noma esinyeni. Njengamanye ama-alkaloid e-belladonna, akusona isakhamzimba kodwa inhlanganisela ye-bioactive enemiphumela enamandla ye-physiological.
4. Ama-Flavonoid: I-Belladonna iqukethe amanani omkhondo we-flavonoids, angama-antioxidants angase anciphise ama-radicals mahhala emzimbeni. Lezi zinhlanganisela zikhona ekugxilweni okuphansi futhi azifundwanga kahle ku-Atropa acuminata ngokuqondile, kodwa zinomthelela kuphrofayili yezokwelapha yesitshalo kunokuba inani lokudla okunomsoco.
5. Ama-Phenolic Compounds: Amanye ama-phenolic compounds, ane-antioxidant ne-anti-inflammatory properties, akhona ku-belladonna. Lezi izingxenye ezincane futhi akuwona umthombo oyinhloko wokudla okunomsoco, njengoba amazinga azo ephansi futhi asithwe ama-alkaloid anobuthi esitshalo.
6. Trace Minerals (Potassium): I-Belladonna ingase ibe nenani elincane le-potassium, imineral ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwenhliziyo nokulinganisela koketshezi. Kodwa-ke, amazinga amancane uma kuqhathaniswa nemithombo yokudla ephephile njengezithelo nemifino, futhi ubuthi besitshalo busenza sibe umthombo ongasebenzi.
7. Ama-carbohydrate: Amajikijolo e-belladonna aqukethe ama-carbohydrate amancane, ngokuyinhloko ushukela owanika ukunambitheka okumnandi, okungakhohlisa njengoba anobuthi obukhulu. Lawa ma-carbohydrate awanikezi inzuzo enomsoco ngenxa yengozi yokuba nobuthi.
8. I-Alkaloid Glycosides: I-Belladonna iqukethe ama-glycosides aboshwe kuma-alkaloid ayo, anomthelela emiphumeleni yayo yezemithi. Lezi zinhlanganisela azizona izakhamzimba kodwa ziyingxenye yohlelo lokuvikela amakhemikhali esitshalo, okuwenza angakufanelekeli ukusetshenziswa ekudleni.
9. Amafutha Aguquguqukayo: Landela amanani wamafutha aguquguqukayo akhona ku-belladonna, ikakhulukazi emaqabunga. Lawa mafutha angase abe nezindawo zokulwa namagciwane ezikhishwe okulawulwayo kodwa awabalulekile ngokomsoco futhi awaphephile ukusetshenziswa ngenxa yobuthi.
10. Okuqukethwe kwamanzi: Amaqabunga neziqu zesitshalo ziqukethe amanzi, njengoba kwenza izitshalo eziningi, kodwa lokhu akusona isakhi esinomsoco. Okuqukethwe kwamanzi akubalulekile ngezinhloso zokudla ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwe-alkaloid okuyingozi kwesitshalo.
Funda Futhi: Izinzuzo Zezempilo Zokwelapha eziyi-10 ze-Balanites wilsoniana (Usuku Lwase-African Desert)
Izinzuzo Zezempilo Zokwelapha ze-Belladonna (Atropa Acuminata)
1. I-Mydriasis (Umfundi Ukunwebeka): I-Atropine, inhlanganisela etholakala ku-belladonna, ingasetshenziswa ukunweba abafundi ukuze bahlolwe iso ngokwezempilo. Lokhu kuvumela odokotela bamehlo ukuthi bahlole kangcono impilo yezakhiwo zamehlo. I-Atropine eye drops ilawulwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kweso ukuze kunwetshwe abafundi futhi kuvunyelwe ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwe-retina nezinye izakhiwo.
2. Ukwelashwa kwe-Bradyarrhythmia: I-Atropine ingasetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-bradyarrhythmias, okuyizigqi zenhliziyo ezingasheshi ngokungavamile. Kuyasiza ukwandisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngokuvimbela imiphumela ye-vagus nerve enhliziyweni. I-Atropine ingase inikezwe ezimeni ezinzima ze-sinus bradycardia (izinga lenhliziyo elihamba kancane) ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo nokujikeleza kwegazi.
3. Isicanucanu kanye Nesigulo Sokunyakaza: I-Scopolamine, enye i-alkaloid ku-belladonna, isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa isicanucanu nokuvimbela ukugula kokunyakaza ngokuthinta ama-receptors ebuchosheni abangela isicanucanu nokuhlanza. Iziqephu ze-Scopolamine zingasetshenziswa ngemuva kwendlebe ngaphambi kohambo ukusiza ukuvimbela ukugula kokunyakaza phakathi nohambo.
4. Imisipha Ama-Spasms: Ama-alkaloid e-Belladonna angasiza ukuphumuza imisipha ebushelelezi futhi ekudambise ukunyakazisa kwemisipha ezimeni ezifana nesifo samathumbu esicasukayo (IBS) noma ama-bladder spasms. Amalungiselelo aqukethe i-Belladonna angase anqunywe ukuze kuncishiswe ama-spasms kanye nama-cramping ezigulini ezinokuphazamiseka okuthile kwesisu.
5. Ubuhlungu besihloko Impumuzo: Okhilimu abaqukethe i-Belladonna noma ama-patches anganikeza ukukhululeka kobuhlungu endaweni ezimeni ezifana nesifo samathambo noma imisipha. I-belladonna-efakwe i-patch yokukhulula ubuhlungu ingasetshenziswa ejoyintini elibuhlungu noma emsipha ukuze kuhlinzekwe ukukhululeka kwesikhashana ebuhlungwini nasekuphathekeni.
6. Ukuzamazama Kwezifo Ezibangelwa Amagciwane: Kwezinye izimo, i-belladonna alkaloids isetshenziselwe ukuphatha ukundindizela okuhambisana nesifo sikaParkinson. Umthamo olawulwayo, wezokwelapha we-belladonna alkaloid ungase ufakwe ohlelweni lokwelapha ukusiza ukunciphisa ukundindizela esigulini se-Parkinsons.
7. I-Asthm Symptom Abaphathi: Imiphumela ye-Atropines bronchodilatory iye yasetshenziswa esikhathini esidlule ekulawuleni izimpawu zesifuba somoya ngokuphumuza imisipha ye-bronchi kanye nokwenza ngcono ukugeleza komoya. Ama-inhaler aqukethe okuphuma kokuphuma ku-atropine ayesetshenziswa ngokomlando ukuze anikeze impumuzo ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya, nakuba izindlela zokwelapha zesimanje sezithathe indawo yazo.
8. Amalungiselelo Okubulala Izinzwa: Ikhono le-atropines lokunciphisa ukukhishwa kokuphefumula nokuvimbela ukuthulula amathe ngokweqile kungaba usizo ekulungiseleleni iziguli izinzwa. Kwezinye izinqubo zokuhlinzwa, umthamo omncane we-atropine ungase unikezwe ukusiza ukugcina izindlela zomoya zicacile ngesikhathi sokulaliswa kwezinzwa.
9. Ukwelashwa Ngokweqile Ukujuluka: I-Belladonna-derived anticholinergic compounds ingasetshenziswa ukuphatha ukujuluka ngokweqile (hyperhidrosis) ngokunciphisa umsebenzi we-sweat gland. Ezimweni ze-hyperhidrosis enzima, ukwakheka kwesihloko okuqukethe i-belladonna alkaloid kungase kusetshenziswe ezindaweni ezivame ukujuluka kakhulu.
10. I-Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Ama-alkaloid e-Belladonna angasetshenziswa ekudambiseni izimpawu zamathumbu ezihambisana ne-IBS, njengamajaqamba kanye nama-spasms. Umuthi ofakwe ngokucophelela oqukethe i-belladonna ungase unikezwe ukusiza ukuphatha izimpawu ze-IBS, ikakhulukazi uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzi.
Indlela Yokusebenzisa Ukuze Kuzuzwe Izinzuzo Zezempilo Ezihlinzekiwe ze-Belladona (Atropa Acuminata)
Nazi ezinye izincazelo ezijwayelekile zokuthi izinhlanganisela zeBelladonas zingasetshenziswa kanjani ukuze kuzuzwe izinzuzo ezithile zokwelapha:
1. I-Mydriasis (Ukunwetshwa Komfundi): I-Atropine eye drops ilawulwa ngokucophelela yi-ophthalmologist ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwamehlo. Amaconsi adala ukunwebeka kwesikhashana komfundi, okuvumela ukubonwa okungcono kwe-retina nezinye izakhiwo zamehlo.
2. I-Bradyarrhythmia Ukwelashwa: Esimeni sasesibhedlela, i-atropine ingase ijovwe ngomthambo ukuze kwandiswe izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo. Ithimba lezokwelapha liqapha ngokucophelela izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yeziguli futhi lilungise umthamo njengoba kudingeka.
3. Isicanucanu kanye Nesigulo Sokunyakaza: Ama-patches e-Transdermal scopolamine asetshenziswa ngemuva kwendlebe, akhulula imithamo elawulwayo ye-scopolamine ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kuvame ukubekwa amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kohambo ukuze kunqandwe ukugula kokunyakaza.
4. Imisipha Ama-Spasms: Imithi ephuzwayo equkethe i-belladonna alkaloid ingase inikezwe iziguli ezinezimo ezifana ne-IBS noma i-bladder spasms. Le mithi ithathwa njengoba iqondiswa udokotela ukuze kuncishiswe ama-muscle spasms nama-cramps.
5. Ubuhlungu besihloko Impumuzo: Ama-creams aqukethe i-Belladonna noma ama-patches asetshenziswa phezulu endaweni ethintekile. Inhlanganisela imuncwa esikhunjeni, inikeze ukukhululeka kobuhlungu endaweni ezimeni ezifana ne-arthritis noma imisipha yemisipha.
6. Ukuzamazama Kwezifo Ezibangelwa Amagciwane: Kwezinye izimo, imithamo elawulwayo ye-belladonna alkaloid ingase ifakwe ohlelweni lokwelapha isifo sika-Parkinson. Lokhu kunqunywa futhi kulawulwa udokotela wezinzwa noma uchwepheshe wezifo zokunyakaza.
7. Ukulawula Izimpawu Zesifuba Somoya: Nakuba okuphuma ku-atropine kwasetshenziswa ngokomlando, ukwelashwa kwe-asthma yesimanje kuye kwavela. Ama-bronchodilator amanje kanye nemithi elwa nokuvuvukala ikhethwa ngaphezu kwe-atropine yokulawula isifuba somoya.
8. Amalungiselelo Okubulala Izinzwa: Odokotela ababulala izinzwa bangase banikeze i-atropine ngomthambo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze kuncishiswe uketshezi oluningi lokuphefumula kanye nokuphuma kwamathe. Lokhu kusiza ukugcina umoya ohlanzekile phakathi nenqubo.
9. Ukwelashwa Ngokweqile Ukujuluka: Ukwakhiwa kwezihloko eziqukethe ama-alkaloid e-belladonna asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezijwayele ukujuluka kakhulu. Ama-alkaloid asiza ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwezindlala zokujuluka futhi alawule ukujuluka.
10. I-Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Imithi ephuma kuBelladonna ingase imiselwe abantu abanezimpawu ezinzima ze-IBS. Le mithi ithathwa ngomlomo njengoba kunqunywe i-gastroenterologist ukuze kuncishiswe ama-spasms nokungahambi kahle kwamathumbu.
Funda Futhi: I-Rice Anther: Ukubaluleka Kwezomnotho, Ukusetshenziswa kanye Nemikhiqizo Kanjesi
Imiphumela Emibi Yokusebenzisa Isitshalo Sezokwelapha iBelladona
Izithako ezinobuthi ezitholakala ku-Belladonna, ikakhulukazi i-atropine ne-scopolamine, zingaba nemiphumela ejulile ohlelweni lwezinzwa zomzimba kanye nezinhlelo ezihlukahlukene zezitho. Nansi eminye yemiphumela emibi engaba khona kanye nezinkinga ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwesitshalo sokwelapha i-belladonna:
1. Umlomo Omile Nomphimbo: Imiphumela ye-Belladonnas anticholinergic ingaholela emlonyeni owomile (i-xerostomia) nomphimbo owomile, okwenza ukugwinya nokukhuluma kube nzima.
2. Ifiphaziwe Umbono: Abafundi abahlukanisiwe (i-mydriasis) ebangelwa izinhlanganisela ze-belladonnas bangabangela ukubona okufiphele, ukuzwela ekukhanyeni, nobunzima bokugxila.
3. Ukwenyuka Kwezinga Lenhliziyo: I-Atropine ingabangela i-tachycardia, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo okungavamile, okungaholela ekushayeni kwenhliziyo kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yezenzakalo zenhliziyo.
4. Ukwanda Umzimba Izinga lokushisa: Ukungenisa i-Belladonna kungabangela ukushisa komzimba okuphezulu (hyperthermia), okungaba yingozi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezishisayo.
5. Ukudideka kanye neDelirium: Imiphumela ye-Belladonnas ohlelweni lwezinzwa olumaphakathi ingaholela ekudidekeni, ekudidekeni, ekuboneni izinto ezingekho, kanye nokudideka.
6. Ukugcina Umchamo: Imiphumela ye-Anticholinergic ingabangela ukugcinwa komchamo, okwenza kube nzima ukukhipha isinye ngokuphelele.
7. Ukuqunjelwa: Umthelela we-Belladonnas emisipha ebushelelezi ungaholela ekunciphiseni ukuhamba kwamathumbu, okuholela ekuqunjweni.
8. Yomile Isikhumba: Ukuncipha kokujuluka ngenxa yemiphumela ye-belladonnas kungaholela esikhumbeni esomile, esingase singakhululeki futhi sibe nomthelela ezindabeni ezihlobene nokushisa.
9. Ingqondo Imiphumela: I-Belladonna ingabangela ukuyaluza, ukungahlaliseki, kanye nemiphumela enzima nakakhulu yengqondo, ehlanganisa i-paranoia nokuziphatha okunolaka.
10. Okuphefumulayo Izinkinga: Umthamo oweqile we-belladonna ungaholela ekucindezelekeni kokuphefumula, ukuncipha kokusebenza kwamaphaphu, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula.
11. Ukuquleka: Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ubuthi be-belladonna bungabangela ukubanjwa nokudlikizeka.
12. Ikhoma Nokufa: Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu zobuthi be-belladonna, ikakhulukazi kusukela ekudleni amanani abalulekile esitshalo noma okuphuma kuso, ukoma nokufa kungenzeka.
Ucwaningo Lwesayensi Nezifundo zeBelladona
1. Izici ze-Anticholinergic: Ucwaningo lwesayensi kuBelladona lugxile ezintweni zalo zokulwa ne-anticholinergic, ikakhulukazi ukuba khona kwama-alkaloid e-tropane njenge-atropine. Ucwaningo luye lwahlola izindlela lezi zinhlanganisela ezivimbela ama-muscarinic receptors, okuholela emiphumeleni ehlukahlukene yomzimba. I-Atropine, isibonelo, iye yasetshenziswa kwezokwelapha ngekhono layo lokunweba abafundi futhi ivimbele imisebenzi ethile yomzimba.
2. Izicelo Zemithi: Abacwaningi benze izifundo ukuqonda ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ye-Belladonas compounds. Lesi sitshalo besisetshenziswa ngokomlando kwezokwelapha, futhi ucwaningo lwanamuhla luyaqhubeka nokuhlola amandla aso ekwelapheni izimo ezinjengokuphazamiseka kwesisu, ukuqaqanjelwa yimisipha, kanye nezinhlobo ezithile zobuthi.
3. Izifundo Ze-Toxicological: Inikezwe Belladonas ubuthi ubuthi, olunzulu toxicological izifundo kwenziwe ukuze kutholwe imingcele yokuphepha kanye nezingozi ezingaba khona. Ukuqonda ubudlelwano bokusabela komthamo we-tropane alkaloid kubalulekile ekuhloleni ukuphepha kwezitshalo kuzo zombili izimo zokwelapha zendabuko nezesimanje.
4. Ukubaluleka Kwezomlando Namasiko: Ucwaningo lwesayensi lubheke ukubaluleka komlando namasiko weBelladona. Lesi sitshalo sinomlando ocebile wokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha namasiko, futhi abacwaningi bahlola ukuthi ulwazi lwendabuko luhambisana kanjani nokuqonda kwesayensi yesimanje. Le ndlela yokuhlanganisa imikhakha eminingi inikeza umbono ophelele wendima ye-Belladonas emasikweni ahlukene.
Izinyathelo Zokuphepha Nezincomo Ekusebenziseni Isitshalo Sezokwelapha saseBelladona
1. Isiqondiso Sochwepheshe: Enye yezinyathelo zokuphepha eziphambili uma ucubungula ukusetshenziswa kwe-Belladona ukufuna isiqondiso sochwepheshe. Ochwepheshe bezempilo, okuhlanganisa odokotela bamakhambi nosokhemisi, kufanele kuxhunyanwe nabo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi lesi sitshalo sisetshenziswa ngokuphepha nangempumelelo. Ukuzilapha ngaphandle kweseluleko sochwepheshe kungaholela ezingozini ezinkulu zezempilo.
2. Umthetho womthamo: Izincomo zokuphepha zihlanganisa ukubambelela ngokuqinile emiqondisweni yomthamo. I-Belladonas potency yenza umthamo onembile ubaluleke kakhulu, futhi amanani angaphezu kwanconywa angaholela ebuthi obunamandla. Izilinganiso ezinembile nokwakheka, ngokuvamile okunqunywa ochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo, kubalulekile ukuze kusetshenziswe ngokuphephile.
3. Ukuhlonza kanye Nokuqinisekisa: Ukuqinisekisa ukuhlonzwa okufanele kweBelladona kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuphepha. Ukuhlonza okunembile kwezitshalo nokuqinisekisa kuvimbela ukungenwa ngephutha kwezinye izitshalo ezinokubonakala okufanayo. Ukuthenga emithonjeni ehloniphekile elandela izinyathelo zokulawula ikhwalithi kubalulekile.
4. Ukuqapha Ukusabela Okubi: Abasebenzisi beBelladona kufanele baqaphele noma yiziphi izimpawu zokusabela okungekuhle. Izimpawu ezivamile zobuthi zihlanganisa ukungaboni kahle, umlomo owomile, ukubona izinto ezingekho, kanye nokwenyuka kwenhliziyo. Ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha kuyadingeka uma izimpawu ezinjalo zenzeka.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Nesitshalo Sokwelapha saseBelladona
1. Ingabe iBelladona Ingasetshenziselwa Ukuzelapha?
Cha, iBelladona akufanele neze isetshenziselwe ukuzelapha. Ngenxa yemvelo yayo enobuthi obukhulu, kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa kochwepheshe bezempilo abaqeqeshiwe. Ukuzilawula kungaholela ezingozini ezinkulu zezempilo.
2. Yiziphi Izimpawu Ze-Belladona Toxicity?
Izimpawu zobuthi beBelladona zifaka ukunwebeka kwabafundi, umlomo owomile, ukubona izinto ezingekho, kanye nokwenyuka kwenhliziyo. Uma kwenzeka noma iyiphi yalezi zimpawu, ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha kuyadingeka.
3. Ingabe Kukhona Ukungqubuzana Kokusetshenziswa Kwe-Belladona?
Yebo, iBelladona inokuningi okungqubuzanayo, futhi kufanele kugwenywe ezimweni ezithile zezokwelapha, njenge-glaucoma, ukugcinwa komchamo, kanye nokuvinjwa kwamathumbu. Abantu abanezinkinga zezempilo ezivele zikhona kufanele baxhumane nochwepheshe bezempilo ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.
4. Ingabe I-Belladona Ingasetshenziswa Emithi Yezingane?
Cha, iBelladona ayinconywa ukuthi isetshenziswe emithini yezingane ngenxa yengozi enkulu yobuthi. Imithamo yezingane kanye nokwakheka kufanele kunqunywe kuphela abahlinzeki bokunakekelwa kwezempilo abaqeqeshiwe.
Ingabe unayo imibuzo, iziphakamiso, noma iminikelo? Uma kunjalo, sicela ukhululeke ukusebenzisa ibhokisi lokuphawula elingezansi ukuze wabelane ngemicabango yakho. Futhi sikukhuthaza ukuba wabelane ngomusa lokhu kwaziswa nabanye abangase bazuze kukho. Njengoba singakwazi ukufinyelela wonke umuntu ngesikhathi esisodwa, silwazisa kakhulu usizo lwakho ekusakazeni izwi. Siyabonga kakhulu ngokusekela kwakho nokwabelana!
Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Lesi sihloko senzelwe izinjongo zemfundo kanye nolwazi kuphela. Izinzuzo zezempilo ezichazwe zisekelwe ocwaningweni lwesayensi nolwazi lwendabuko. Azithathi indawo yeseluleko sezokwelapha esiqeqeshiwe, ukuxilongwa, noma ukwelashwa. Hlala uthintana nochwepheshe bezempilo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yimaphi amakhambi noma amakhambi emvelo ngezinjongo zokwelapha.
Funda Futhi: 5 Izimpawu Zakuqala Zokubola Kwamazinyo kanye Nezindlela Zazo Zokuvimbela