Djenkol, iyo inozivikanwawo saArchidendron pauciflorum, rudzi rwemuti runobva kuSoutheast Asia, kunyanya Indonesia, Malaysia, neThailand. Ndeye yemhuri yeFabaceae, iyo imhuri imwechete se legumes nebhinzi. Muti wedjenkol unorimwa nekuda kwechibereko chawo, icho chinonziwo djenkol.
Muti wedjenkol muti wakakura nepakati unogara wakasvibira unogona kusvika pakureba kwemamita angangosvika 15 kusvika 30 (49 kusvika 98 tsoka). Mashizha akawanda, riri shizha rega rega rine mapair epamashizha akati wandei akarongwa padzinde repakati. Mashizha acho ane chimiro che elliptical, uye mashizha ane chitarisiko chinopenya.
Maruva madiki uye kazhinji ane ruvara rweyero-girini, akarongwa mumapoka. Anonhuwirira uye ane zvese zviri zviviri zvinhu zvechirume nezvechikadzi zvekubereka. Chibereko chemuti wedjenkol igoko rakareba, rakasvibira. Goko rine mhodzi dzinoverengeka dzakaiswa munyama inonamira uye ine fiber.
Mhodzi dzemuti wedjenkol dzinoshandiswa zvetsika mukubika kweSoutheast Asia. Dzinowanzo viriswa, dzakakangwa, kana kukangwa dzisati dzadyiwa. Kuravira kwembeu kunotsanangurwa se nutty uye kutapira zvishoma.
Mukushandiswa kwekicheni, dzinoshandiswa sechinhu chinonhuwirira kana chinonhuwirira mumidziyo yakasiyana-siyana. Mbeu dzeDjenkol dzakashandiswawo mumishonga yechivanhu mune dzimwe tsika dzeSoutheast Asia.
Tsanangudzo yeBotanical yeDjenkol
1. Hupenyu: Djenkol, inozivikanwa nesayenzi seArchidendron pauciflorum, muti unodonha unoratidzirwa nehukuru hwayo hwepakati kusvika kuhukuru, hunosvika pakureba kwemamita makumi maviri nemashanu. Hupenyu hwemuti hunosanganisira kudurura mashizha awo gore rega rega, zvichiita kuti rudzi urwu rwezvinhu zvipenyu rudonhe.
2. Mashizha neMashizha: Mashizha akawanda emuti weDjenkol akabatana, aine mashizha madiki akawanda akarongeka pamudziyo wepakati. Mashizha madiki aya akajeka egirinhi anobatsira pakuonekwa kwemuti wakajeka panguva yekukura.
3. Maruva neKubereka: Muti unoburitsa maruva madiki anonhuwirira anoungana kuita maruva. Zvivakwa zvekubereka zvinoburitsa magodzi akareba ane mbeu. Mbeu, dzinozivikanwa semabhinzi eDjenkol, chinhu chakasiyana chemuti.
4. Makwati neHunde: Makwati emuti weDjenkol akatsetseka uye ane gray yakajeka paunenge uchiri mudiki, zvishoma nezvishoma anova akaomarara uye akatsemuka sezvo muti unokura. Hunde yacho inowanzotwasuka, ichipa muti kugadzikana sezvaunokura.
Kupararira Kwenzvimbo yeDjenkol
1. Nzvimbo Yakasikwa: Djenkol inowanikwa kuSoutheast Asia, kunyanya munyika dzakadai seThailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, nePhilippines. Inokura munzvimbo dzinopisa nedzinotonhora dzine mvura yakakwana.
2. Zvido zveMamiriro ekunze: Rudzi urwu rwemuti runofarira nzvimbo dzinodziya uye hunyoro hwakanyanya. Yakanyatsoenderana nemasango emvura anopisa asi inogonawo kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzine mwaka wakasiyana wemvura nekuoma.
3. Kugona kwevhu: Miti yeDjenkol inochinja-chinja maererano nezvido zvevhu, ichikura muvhu rinonyatsobuda mvura. Inogona kuchinjika kune mhando dzakasiyana dzevhu, kusanganisira ivhu revhu nejecha, zvichibatsira kukwanisa kwavo kukura munzvimbo dzakasiyana.
4. Kukuluzidwa Kwavanhu: Kunyange zvazvo ichinyanya kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzayo, Djenkol yakaunzwa nekukurawo mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzepasi, kunyanya muminda yezvirimwa nemunzvimbo dzinopisa dzinobvumira mamiriro ekunze kukura kwayo.
Magadzirirwo Emakemikari eDjenkol
1. Zviri Mukati Mezvokudya: Bhinzi dzeDjenkol dzakapfuma muzvokudya, zvinosanganisira mapuroteni, makabhohaidhiretsi, uye zvicherwa zvinokosha. Magadzirirwo ezvokudya zviri mubhini idzi anoita kuti dzive tsime rezvokudya munzvimbo dzakati apo muti uyu wakapararira.
2. Phytochemicals: Muti weDjenkol une phytochemicals dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira flavonoids nema tannins. Makomponi aya anobatsira mukudzivirira muti nekuzvisikira uye angave ane zvazvinoreva kuhutano hwevanhu.
3. Mishonga: Mamwe maitiro emishonga yechivanhu anosanganisira kushandiswa kweDjenkol kune zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. Ongororo irikuenderera mberi inoongorora mashandiro emishonga yemuti, nekutarisa pagwati rayo, mashizha, nembesa.
4. Kushandiswa Mukubika: Bhinzi dzeDjenkol dzinoshandiswa mukubika kwedunhu, kunyanya muSoutheast Asia. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuziva kuti kugadzirira kusina kunaka kunogona kutungamirira kuzvinetso zveutano, sezvo bhinzi dzine komboni inogona kukristarara munzira yeweti.
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Zvakanakira Utano Hwemishonga yeDjenkol (Archidendron pauciflorum)
Zvinonzi mbeu dze djenkol (Archidendron pauciflorum) dzagara dzichishandiswa mumamwe matsika ekuSoutheast Asia nekuda kwezvavanofungidzirwa kuti dzinogona kurapa, asi zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti pane njodzi huru dzeutano dzinobatanidzwa nekudya mbeu dze djenkol dzisina kubikwa kana kugadziriswa zvakanaka.
Chinonyanya kunetsa ndechekuti djenkolism, chirwere chinokonzerwa nekuumbika kwemakemikari mugwara remujo, zvichitungamira kumatombo eitsvo nekuvhara kwegwara remujo. Nekuda kwenjodzi idzi, kungwarira kunokurudzirwa pakufunga nezvezvinogona kubatsira zvehutano zve djenkol.
Hezvino zvimwe zvezvakanakira utano zvekushandisa djenkol, pamwe nemienzaniso inoenderana:
1. Zvinhu Zvinoita Weti: Mbeu dzeDjenkol dzinofungidzirwa kuti dzine zvinhu zvinoita weti, zvinoreva kuti dzinogona kuwedzera kugadzirwa weti uye kukurudzira kubviswa kwemarara nemvura yakawandisa kubva mumuviri.
Mumishonga yechivanhu, mbeu dze djenkol dzakashandiswa kukurudzira kuyerera kweweti uye pamwe kuderedza zviratidzo zvekutapukirwa negwara remujo. Kuwedzera kweweti kunogona kubatsira kubvisa mabhakitiriya nemachepfu kubva mugwara remujo.
2. Hutano hweGwara reMujo: Mbeu dzeDjenkol dzakashandiswa mune mamwe matsika kutsigira hutano hwegwara remujo uye kudzivirira zvirwere zvegwara remujo. Zvinonzi zvinobatsira kuita weti uye zvinouraya mabhakitiriya zvembewu dze djenkol zvinogona kubatsira mukudzivirira kana kurapa zvirwere zvegwara remujo. Kuyerera kweweti kwakawedzera kunogona kubatsira kuderedza kuwanda kwemabhakitiriya mugwara remujo.
3. Impilo yeZinso: Izinhlamvu ze-Djenkol kukholakala ukuthi zinobunjalo obungasekela impilo nokusebenza kwezinso. Izazi zemithi yesintu kungenzeka ukuthi zisebenzise izinhlamvu ze-djenkol ukusiza ukuhlanza izinso nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwazo sekukonke. Kodwa-ke, ubungozi be-djenkolism nokwakheka kwamatshe ezinso kufanele kubhekwe lapho kuhlolwa lezi zinzuzo ezingaba khona.
4. Amandla e-Antioxidant: Izinhlamvu ze-Djenkol zingase zibe nama-antioxidant angavikela amangqamuzana ekucindezelekeni kwe-oxidative futhi afake isandla empilweni yonke. Ama-antioxidant ayaziwa ukuthi adlala indima ekunciphiseni umonakalo wamaselula obangelwa ama-free radicals.
Abanye abasekeli be-djenkol bangase basikisele ukuthi ukuyidla kungase kube nomthelela ekuvikeleni i-antioxidant, kodwa ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe lezi zimangalo.
5. Inani Lokudla: Izinhlamvu ze-Djenkol zingase zibe nenani lokudla ngenxa yamaprotheni, i-fiber, kanye nokuqukethwe kwamaminerali. Njengemidumba eminingi, izinhlamvu ze-djenkol zingase zinikeze umthombo wamaprotheni avela ezitshalweni
Izindlela Zokusetshenziswa Ukuze Kuzuzwe Izinzuzo Zempilo Ezinikeziwe Ze-Djenkol (Archidendron pauciflorum)
Nazi ezinye izindlela zokusetshenziswa ezingasetshenziswa ukuze kutholakale izinzuzo ezinhle kakhulu zokwelapha ze-Djenkol (Archidendron Pauciflorum);
1. Ukubilisa: Ekusetshenzisweni kwendabuko, izinhlamvu ze-djenkol zazivame ukubiliswa ngaphambi kokuba zidliwe. Kukholakala ukuthi ukubilisa kusiza ukunciphisa ingozi ye-djenkolism ngokuhlukanisa noma ukunciphisa ezinye izinhlanganisela ezingakha amakristalu emgudwini womchamo.
Tsvaka mvura ibwire woenderera mberi nekubika kwenguva yakati. Nguva chaiyo inogona kusiyana zvichienderana netsika dzechinyakare. Mushure mekunge mabika, dururirai mvura mese mosuka mhodzi zvakakwana kuti mubvise zvinhu zvese zvingakonzera matambudziko eweti. Kana mhodzi dzabikwa nekushambidzwa, dzinogona kubikwa zvakare nekugocha kana kukanga kana zvichidiwa. Izvi zvinogona kuwedzera kunaka nekunatsiridza kugaya.
2. Kugocha: Kugocha mhodzi dzedjenkol imwe nzira inotendwa kuti inoderedza njodzi yedjenkolism ichiita kuti mhodzi dzinyanye kunaka. Pisa ovheni kana pani yekugocha. Paradzira mhodzi dzedjenkol zvakaenzana pabheka rekuvhenekera kana pani yakaoma.
Isa mhodzi muovheni kana pani yakapisa wozo gocha kusvikira dzava dzakaoma uye dzatsvukira zvishoma. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kuputsa mamwe makomponi ane dambudziko nekuderedza kuwanda kwawo. Rega mhodzi dzakagochwa dzitonhore usati wadya. Dzinogona kudyiwa dziri dzoga kana kushandiswa sechinhu muzvikafu zvakasiyana-siyana.
3. Kukanga: Kukanga ndeimwe nzira inogona kushandiswa kugadzirira mhodzi dzedjenkol kuti dzidyiwe, zvinogona kuderedza njodzi yedjenkolism uku uchiwedzera kunaka.
Pisa mafuta mupani yekukanga. Isa mhodzi dzedjenkol mumafuta anopisa wo dzikanga kusvikira dzava dzatsvukira uye dzatsvukira. Kana dzangokangwa, bvisa mhodzi mumafuta wo dziisa pamatauro emapepa kuti ubvise mafuta akawandisa. Rega mhodzi dzakakangwa dzitonhore usati wadya. Dzinogona kudyiwa sechikafu kana kushandiswa mukubika.
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Dzitakatizo dzinogona kukonzerwa nekushandisa muti weDjenkol
Kudya mbeu dze djenkol kunogona kukonzera dzitakatizo dzakasiyana-siyana, chinonyanya kunetsa ndechekuti zvinogona kukonzera chirwere chinonzi djenkolism. Djenkolism inokonzerwa nekukora kwezvimwe zvinhu zviri mumbeu iyi mumugwagwa weti, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuumbika kwematombo eitsvo uye kuvharika kweti.
Hezvi zvimwe zvezvinogona kuitika uye njodzi dzekushandisa muti weDjenkol:
1. Djenkolism: Iyi ndiyo njodzi huru inokonzerwa nekudya djenkol. Kukora kwezvinhu zvinobva mumbeu dze djenkol mumugwagwa weti kunogona kukonzera marwadzo makuru, kunetseka kuita weti, uye ropa murini. Kuumbika kwematombo eitsvo uye kuvharika kweti zvinowanzobuda nekuda kwe djenkolism.
2. Matombo eItsvo: Kukora kwezvinhu zvinobva mumbeu dze djenkol kunogona kukonzera kuumbika kwematombo eitsvo. Matombo eitsvo anogona kukonzera marwadzo makuru, kusagadzikana weti, uye matambudziko kana akasiiwa asina kurapwa.
3. Kuvharika kweWeti: Zvinhu zvakakora zvinogona kukonzera kuvharika kweti, zvichikonzera kunetseka kuita weti uye matambudziko anogona kuitika kana zvavharika zvikasarurudzwa.
4. Kukuvara kweItsvo: Kuvapo kwematombo eitsvo uye kuvharika kweti kunogona kukonzera kukuvara kweitsvo nekufamba kwenguva, zvichikanganisa mashandiro eitsvo.
5. Kusagadzikana Mudumbu: Vamwe vanhu vanogona kunzwa kusagadzikana mudumbu, sekuzvimba, gasi, uye kurwadza mudumbu, mushure mekudya mbeu dze djenkol.
6. Zvirwere Zvemuviri: Kungofanana nechikafu chero chipi zvacho, mbeu dzedjenkol dzinogona kukonzera zvirwere zvemuviri muvanhu vanonzwa, zvichitungamira kuzviratidzo zvakadai sekukwenya, mikoko, kuzvimba, kana kuomerwa nekufema.
7. Kugumbuka Kwemudumbu: Magadzirirwo embeu dzedjenkol ane fibrous anogona kukonzera kutsamwa mumudumbu, zvichitungamira mukusagadzikana kana kugaya.
8. Kubatana Nemishonga: Mbeu dzeDjenkol dzinogona kukanganisa mimwe mishonga, kunyanya iyo inokanganisa kushanda kweitsvo kana kuyerera weti. Kana uri kutora mishonga, bvunza nyanzvi yezvehutano usati wadya djenkol.
Nekuda kweizvi zvinogona kuitika uye njodzi, kushandiswa kwe djenkol kune zvakanakira kurapa kunofanirwa kuswededzwa nekuchenjerera zvakanyanya, uye zvinokurudzirwa kubvunza nyanzvi yezvehutano inokwanisa usati wafunga kuishandisa.
Zvekuchengetedza uye Zvinokurudzirwa Mukushandisa Chirimwa Chekurapa CheDjenkol
1. Kuyerwa Kwakadzorwa: Paunenge uchishandisa Djenkol sechirimwa chekurapa, zvakakosha kuti unamatire kune zvinokurudzirwa zvekurapa. Kunyanya kushandiswa kunogona kutungamira kune zvinokanganisa, kusimbisa kukosha kwekudzikama.
2. Zvirwere Zvemuviri: Vanhu vanofanira kungwarira nezvezvirwere zvingangoitika kuDjenkol. Mhinduro dzezvirwere zvinogona kusiyana, uye vashandisi vanokurudzirwa kuita bvunzo yechigamba vasati vaisanganisa mumaitiro avo ekurapa.
3. Kuhlangana na Vativi va Rihanyo: Loko u nga si tirhisa Djenkol ku tshungula, i swa nkoka ku languta na vativi va rihanyo. Va nga nyika swiletelo leswi fambisanaka na xiyimo xa rihanyo xa munhu hi un’we, ku tiyisisa matirhiselo lama hlayisekeke no tirha kahle.
4. Ku Tikeriwa na Ku Mamisa: Vanhu lava tikeriweke na lava mamisaka va fanele ku tivonela loko va ehleketa hi Djenkol. Ku na ndzavisiso lowu nga nyawuriki hi vuyelo bya yona hi nkarhi wa ku tikeriwa, naswona swi antswa ku languta vatirhi va rihanyo u nga si yi tirhisa.
5. Ku Hlangana Loku Nga Va Kona: Djenkol yi nga ha hlangana na mirhi yin’wana. Vanhu lava nwaka mirhi leyi hlayisiweke va fanele ku lava switsundzuxo eka vatirhi va rihanyo ku papalata ku hlangana loku nga va kona loku nga onhaka rihanyo ra vona.
6. Ku Tiva na Ku Kuma: Ku tiva Djenkol hi ku kongoma na ku kuma eka vaphakeri lava tshembekaka i magoza ya nkoka ya vuhlayiseki. Ku tiviwa hi ku kongoma ku tiyisisa leswaku vatirhisi va tirha hi ximilani lexinene, loko ku kuma eka lava tshembekaka ku tiyisisa ntikelo wa xitshungulo.
7. Ku Languta Mimbuyelo ya Le Ndzhaku: Ku languta nkarhi na nkarhi mimbuyelo yihi na yihi ya le ndzhaku hi nkarhi na endzhaku ko tirhisa Djenkol swa bumabumeriwa. Loko ku humelela swiendlo swo biha, vatirhisi va fanele ku tshika ku yi tirhisa kutani va lava mpfuno wa vutshunguri hi ku hatlisa.
Vumbhoni bya Sayense na Dyondzo ya Timhangu eka Djenkol
1. Shukri et al. (2011): Kutsvakurudza kwakaitwa naShukri nevamwe kwakawana kuti djenkol yemunodya inoderedza huwandu hweshuga yeropa mumakonzo aive nechirwere cheshuga chinokonzerwa ne streptozotocin mushure memavhiki gumi nemaviri, ichidzora huwandu. Yakavandudzawo chido chekudya, huremu hwemuviri, uye mashandiro epancreas, zvichiratidza kugona kwayo kurwisa chirwere cheshuga. Nekudaro, mhedzisiro ine chepfu yakaonekwa mumakonzo akajairika, zvichiratidza kungwarira pakushandisa kune vasina chirwere cheshuga (Shukri, R., Alias, A., & Bhat, R., 2011).
2. Razab naAziz (2010): Tsvakurudzo iyi yakaratidza huwandu hwepamusoro hwe polyphenolic mune djenkol, ichiwedzera kumashandiro ayo ekurwisa oxidation. Tsvakurudzo iyi yakaratidza kugona kwayo kurwisa kushushikana kweokisijeni, izvo zvinogona kuderedza njodzi yezvirwere zvisingaperi senge cancer uye chirwere chemoyo (Razab, R., & Aziz, A., 2010).
3. Murakami et al. (1995): Kuedza zvakabviswa mudjenkol, tsvakurudzo iyi yakawana anopfuura 30% ekudzivirira kwe Epstein-Barr virus activation, zvichiratidza kugona kwayo kurwisa cancer. Kuvepo kwezvinhu zvephenolic kwakanangana nemhedzisiro iyi, zvichitsigira basa redjenkol mukudzivirira cancer (Murakami, A., et al., 1995).
4. Abadi et al. (2018): Tsvakurudzo pamusoro pe jengkol fruit peel extract yakaratidza kuti inodzivirira matishu emwoyo mumakonzo ane chirwere cheshuga chinokonzerwa ne streptozotocin. Tsvakurudzo iyi yakaratidza kuti antioxidant yechinhu ichi inogona kuderedza kukuvara kwemoyo kunokonzerwa nechirwere cheshuga, ichipa mabhenefiti emwoyo (Abadi, S. A., Illiyyin, Z., Rachmadina, J. R., & Malini, D. M., 2018).
Mibvunzo Inowanzo Bvunzwa Nezve Djenkol Medicinal Plant
1. Djenkol yakachengeteka here kuti ishandiswe kwenguva refu?
Nepo Djenkol yagara ichishandiswa kurapa, kuchengeteka kwenguva refu hakuna kunyatso simbiswa. Zvinokurudzirwa kubvunza nyanzvi dzezvehutano kuti uwane nhungamiro yakakodzera.
2. Vingamirwa ku nga tirhisiwa eka vana?
Vuhlayiseki bya Vingamirwa eka vana a byi tiviwi kahle. Swi ringanyetiwa ku papalata ku byi tirhisa eka vanhu lava nga si vaka vakulu handle ka nkongomiso wo kongoma lowu humaka eka vatekani va rihanyo.
3. Hi swihi swilo leswi tolovelekeke leswi vangiwaka hi Vingamirwa?
Swilo leswi tolovelekeke leswi vangiwaka hi byona swi nga katsa ku vaviseka enkhwirini. Hambiswiritano, ndlela leyi munhu un’wana na un’wana a angulaka ha yona yi nga hambana, naswona vathoriwa va fanele va xalamukela swilo hinkwaswo leswi nga va vavisaka.
4. Vingamirwa yi fanele yi lunghiseleriwa njhani leswaku yi tirhisiwa ku tshungula?
Tindlela ta ku lunghiselela ti nga hambana. Swi ringanyetiwa ku landzela mikhuva ya ndhavuko kumbe ku tihlanganisa ni vanhu lava tivaka hi mirhi ya swimilana leswaku u kuma nkongomiso eka ndlela leyinene ya ku lunghisela ni mpimo.
5. Xana Vingamirwa yi nga khumbana ni mirhi yin’wana?
Vingamirwa yi nga ha khumbana ni mirhi yo karhi. Vathoriwa va fanele va tivisa vatekani va vona va rihanyo hi ta mirhi hinkwayo leyi va yi tirhisaka leswaku va papalata swiphiqo leswi nga vaka kona.
6. Xana Vingamirwa yi hlayisekile hi nkarhi wa ku tika?
Mahungu lama nga kona hi vuhlayiseki bya Vingamirwa hi nkarhi wa ku tika ma hungukile. Vanhu lava tikaka va fanele va tihlanganisa ni vatirhisi va swa rihanyo va nga si yi tirhisa.
7. Xana munhu a nga kuma kwihi Vingamirwa ya xiyimo xa le henhla?
Ku kuma swilo eka vaphakeri lava dumeke va mirhi ya swimilana ni ku tiyiseka leswaku swi tiviwa hi ndlela leyinene swa laveka swinene. Vathoriwa va fanele va rhangisa xiyimo xa le henhla ni ntiyiso loko va kuma Vingamirwa hi xikongomelo xa ku tshungula.
Xana u na swivutiso, swiringanyeto kumbe minyikelo? Loko swi ri tano, u nga titwa u ntshunxekile ku tirhisa bokisi ra swivilelo leri nga laha hansi ku avelana miehleketo ya wena. Hi tlhela hi ku khutaza leswaku u avelana mahungu lawa ni van’wana lava nga ha vuyeriwaka hi wona. Tanihi leswi hi nga kotiki ku fikelela munhu un’wana na un’wana hi nkarhi wun’we, hi yi tlangela swinene mpfuno wa wena eku hangalaseni ka rito. Hi nkhensa swinene nseketelo wa wena ni ku avelana!
Chirevo: Chinyorwa chino ndechezvinangwa zvedzidzo nekupa ruzivo chete. Mabhenefiti ehutano anotsanangurwa akavakirwa pakutsvagurudza kwesainzi neruzivo rwechinyakare. Hazvisi kutsiva zano renyanzvi yezvekurapa, kuongororwa, kana kurapwa. Gara uchibvunza nyanzvi yezvehutano usati washandisa chero mushonga wemakwenzi kana wechisikigo kune zvinangwa zvekurapa.
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