Biodiversity refers to the wide variety of ecosystems and living organisms: animals, plants, their habitats, and their genes. It is crucial for the functioning of… Read More »Meaning and Importance of Biological Diversity in Agriculture
In the last article, the benefits of biotechnology to different human groups who survive in various environments were considered. These areas are occupied by both… Read More »Applications of Plant Biotechnology in Forestry and Agricultural Development
In this article, biodiversity will be considered; its origin, various definitions proffered as well as its levels. It is interesting to note that most times,… Read More »Historical Perspectives of Biodiversity in Agriculture
Irrigation is the artificial application of water to the surface of the soil to create a conducive environment for the growth and survival of plants.… Read More »Common Irrigation Resources In Nigeria
Irrigation is the artificial application of water to the surface of the soil to supply moisture to plants, soften tillage, and cool the environment. This… Read More »Maintenance of Irrigation Equipments in Agriculture
Water, an essential resource for irrigation, is found on the surface of the earth in seas, rivers, dams, and underground reservoirs. It is vital for… Read More »Hydrological Cycle (Water Cycle) and The Role of Water in Crop Growth
There have been indications of positive achievements using plant biotechnology as analysed in the previous article. Are these benefits available in the environment? This article… Read More »Importance of Plant Biotechnology in Modern Agriculture
Technology has gained enormous access in various sectors, including agriculture. Biotic resources are flexible enough to allow genetic manipulation to meet human needs. Plants have… Read More »Plant Biotechnology and Its Role in Agricultural Advancement
In this article, the focus is on germplasm appropriation. An appropriation may be defined as an act of taking something that belongs to someone else,… Read More »Germplasm Appropriation and Its Management in Agriculture
As this article is explored, basic facts on germplasm conservation, the need for conservation, its benefits, and the obstacles limiting effective utilisation of germplasm will… Read More »Germplasm Conservation In Agriculture
All biotic components are made up of genetic materials. These are naturally preserved for continuity. Recent developments indicate that their availability may not always be… Read More »Germplasm Appropriation in Agricultural Conservation
Recombinant DNA changes the natural genetic makeup and the characteristics of an organism by inserting DNA from another organism. Also known as genetic engineering, recombinant… Read More »Application of Genetic Recombination in Agriculture and Related Fields
Some of the challenges most farmers face is how to sell their products due to lack of proper marketing and that leaves them to the… Read More »6 Ways Farmers can Sell their Farm Produce without Middle-Men
Mutual of Omaha Wild Kingdom is a wildlife documentary television show that originally aired on NBC from 1963 to 1988. The show was one of… Read More »The Mutual of Omaha Wild Kingdom
Apart from the mentioned anthropogenic stresses, human interference with nature has other major implications. Large-scale destruction of natural habitats has caused large populations of many… Read More »Habitat Fragmentation and Genetic Erosion in Agricultural Biodiversity
Genetic recombination refers to the rearrangement of DNA sequences by the breakage and rejoining of chromosomes or chromosome segments. It also describes the consequences of… Read More »Mechanism of Genetic Recombination in Agricultural Organisms
Human impacts on ecosystems have been ongoing since the beginning of human evolution. As human needs increase daily, agricultural and industrial activities have become significant… Read More »Effect and Management Of Genetics Erosion in Agriculture
In this article, efforts will be made to explain genetic erosion, its causes, and reasons for occurrence in both plant and animal species. The Concept… Read More »Definition and Explanation of Genetic Erosion in Agriculture
1. Managing Damping-Off Disease in Tomato Seedlings i. Caused by: Pythium aphanidermatum, P. ultimum, Phytophthora capsici, P. parasitica (Phylum: Heterokontophyta, Class: Oomycetes, Order: Peronosporales, Family:… Read More »Managing Fungal Diseases of Tomato: A Comprehensive Guide for Farmers
Bacterial spot is caused by several species of Xanthomonas, with the most common being X. euvesicatoria (Jones et al. 2004), formerly known as X. axonopodis… Read More »Important Tomato Diseases and Their Management
Several insect and mite pests attack tomato leaves, flower buds, and fruits during cultivation. The most common pests on tomato are fruit worm or fruit… Read More »Key Insect Pests and Their Management in Tomato Cultivation
Overuse and imbalanced use of manure and inorganic fertilizers in vegetable production systems have reduced vegetable yields and caused environmental pollution as well as human… Read More »Soil Fertility Management for Safer Tomato Production
With the adoption of improved high-yielding and disease-resistant commercial hybrids, seed has become an expensive input in tomato production. Seedling cost may significantly increase if… Read More »Healthy Tomato Seedling Production Techniques for Improved Crop Yield
Nigeria is among the 153 countries that signed the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) at the United Nations Earth Summit in June 1992. The Convention… Read More »Socio-Economic and Biophysical Endowment in Nigerian Agriculture
The Nigerian ecosystem is rich in indigenous biotic components. An index of 7,895 plant species identified in 338 families, 2,215 genera, and 22,000 animal species… Read More »Local Plant and Animal Species in Nigeria’s Agricultural Ecosystem
This article focuses on the ecosystem. Its features and elements are unique and important to understand. The ecosystem is the contracted form of the ecological… Read More »The Ecosystem In Agricultural
Traditionally, ecologists have focused on the concept of ecological diversity, with species diversity being the most commonly used representation. However, it is not the only… Read More »Species Diversity and Its Importance in Agriculture
In this article, genetic diversity, the analysis of genetic diversity, and the structure of the existing population are discussed as essential elements for the conservation… Read More »Definition and Agricultural Importance of Genetic Diversity
Natural and artificial rainfall (irrigation) provide water to crops to support their growth and development. This water usually fills the pore spaces in the soil… Read More »Soil Drainage in Agricultural Practices
Soil is the uppermost part of the earth’s crust that supports plant growth. It serves as a medium from which plants absorb nutrients necessary for… Read More »Understanding Soil Erosion and Its Agricultural Implications
A wild animal park, also known as a wildlife park or safari park, is a large area of land where a variety of wild animals… Read More »Wild Animal Park: Meaning, Uses and Importance
A wild life park, also known as a zoological park or safari park, is a facility that is designed to house and exhibit a variety… Read More »Wild Life Park: Meaning,Uses and Importance
The soil serves as the medium where the plant is grown, and it provides the plant with nutrients and water, which are received from the… Read More »Understanding the Soil Plant Atmosphere Relationship in Agriculture
Crops require water for their physiological processes, and when water is in short supply, it causes water stress, leading to wilting, reduced growth, development, and… Read More »Critical Growth Stages for Water in Different Field Crops
All living things require nutrition as one of their characteristics as living things. Nutrition is required for growth and reproduction, and they are supplied to… Read More »Importance and Purpose of Irrigation in Agriculture
The development of synthetic varieties in maize was suggested as early as 1919 by Hayes and Garber. Only genotypes which combine well with each other… Read More »Development and Performance of Synthetic Varieties in Agriculture
Hybrid maize is the first generation progeny from a cross involving inbred lines. Hybrid An offspring of homozygous parents differing in one or two genes.… Read More »Hybrid Maize Development in Modern Agriculture
Recurrent selection involves cycles of selection and recombination of selected individuals to form a new population in each cycle, from which selection can again be… Read More »Recurrent Selection in Plant Breeding: Types and Methods
Termites are becoming a big threat to most farmers. These eat up the crops in the gardens, Farm structures and also the stored produce. Their… Read More »Organic and Inorganic Termites Control Measures
Plant breeders depend on the existence of genetic variability to select superior genotypes for the development of new varieties. This highlights the importance of knowing… Read More »Steps for Controlled Crosses and Sourcing Breeding Materials in Plant Breeding
Cells vary widely in structure and function, but they have some important properties in common, and all cells represent the basic unit of living materials.… Read More »Plant Cell and Fertilization in Plants
In this article, traits governed by many genes, known as quantitative traits, will be discussed. Each gene contributes a small amount to the phenotype such… Read More »Differences Between Qualitative and Quantitative Traits in Agricultural Genetics
Gregor Mendel, recognized as the “father of genetics,” laid the foundation for modern genetics through his meticulous experiments with pea plants. His work introduced two… Read More »Introduction to Mendel’s Contributions in Agricultural Genetics
The gene is the hereditary unit which is transmitted from parent to offspring from one generation to the next. The genes reside on a long… Read More »The Gene and Its Role in Heredity Agricultural Genetics
Crop breeding is the art and science of changing and improving plants genetically. The art of breeding lies in the ability of the crop or… Read More »Introduction to Crop Breeding in Agriculture
Fundamentally, ecology resembles a society, though it operates on a much larger scale. Ecologists function similarly to economists, but instead of human economies, they study… Read More »Fundamentals of Ecology in Agricultural Systems
All the developmental processes occurring in plants involve growth. The growth of plants involves various changes such as the addition of new cells through cell… Read More »Factors Affecting Plant Growth and Development in Agriculture
Photosynthesis is one of the principal biochemical processes supporting plant growth and development. Because of its basic nature, it is intimately involved in reproductive growth… Read More »Photosynthesis and Its Role in Plant Growth and Crop Yield
Plant productivity is decreasing due to the detrimental effects of various biotic and abiotic yield reduction factors that are majorly environmental in nature. Therefore, minimising… Read More »Yield Limiting Factors and Yield Components in Agriculture
It is often observed in a germinating seedling that roots grow in a downward direction while shoots grow upwards. Some flowers bloom during the day… Read More »Understanding the Role of Growth Regulators in Plant Development
Grazing management system involves pasture manipulation under grazing condition with the sole aim of feeding livestock and environmental control. Grazing livestock on pastures helps to… Read More »Concept of Grazing Management in Pasture-Based Livestock Farming
There are many grazing management systems adapted by farmers in Nigeria and elsewhere. These systems are further categorized based on the size of livestock owned… Read More »Types of Grazing Management Systems in Nigerian Livestock Farming
Growth in plants results from the combination of cell division, cell enlargement, and the differentiation of new cells into various tissue types. These changes are… Read More »Plant Growth and Methods of Measuring Growth Parameters in Agriculture
All living organisms consist of cells. These cells form tissues, which in turn make up the organs. The various parts of plants are interconnected and… Read More »Roles of Plant Organs: Leaf, Stem, Roots, Flowers, Fruits, and Seeds
Plant growth analysis is an explanatory, holistic, and integrative approach to interpreting plant form and function. It uses simple primary data, such as weights, areas,… Read More »Some Key Growth Measurements in Crops
Plants, like all other living organisms, require nutrients for growth and development. Sixteen essential elements are needed by plants as nutrients. Elements such as carbon,… Read More »Role of Plant Nutrients in Agriculture
Reproduction is a fundamental feature of all known life. Each individual organism exists as a result of reproduction. Reproduction is essential for the ‘Continuity of… Read More »Sexual and Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Plant development refers to the changes in form brought about through growth and differentiation. Since post-mitotic expansion processes in plants are largely driven by water,… Read More »Understanding Plant Growth Stages for Effective Crop Management
Plant growth is a crucial process in various agricultural contexts. The ability of a plant to grow and reach a specific size within a given… Read More »Mechanisms Involved in Plant Growth and Development
The sigmoid growth curve represents a pattern of growth for an organism in a new environment, where the population density initially increases slowly in a… Read More »The Sigmoid Growth Curve in Plants and Animals Population Growth
There are two (2) major types of propagation methods namely; Sexual propagation methods and Asexual propagation methods. 1. Sexual Propagation This is a method of… Read More »Types of Propagation Methods
Most terrestrial plants grow through selective absorption of natural light from the sun. Sunshine is essential for plant growth, as it provides both the heat… Read More »Light and Solar Radiation in Agricultural Production
Due to the rapid developments in the field of molecular genetics, a variety of different techniques have emerged to analyze genetic variation in the last… Read More »Meaning and Uses of Genetic Molecular Markers in Agriculture
The influence of global warming worldwide is creating unusual weather phenomena, often manifesting as water deficits or floods and waterlogging. Among these two, drought is… Read More »Introduction to the Influence of Global Warming on Water Stress in Plants
The world population is steadily increasing each year, creating a demand for more food to adequately feed the growing population. The environment plays a primary… Read More »Role of Environmental Resources in Crop Growth and Development
When plants create nutrients in their leaves, how do materials get to the rest of the plant? Just as in humans, where food is distributed… Read More »Translocation and Respiration In Plants
During the life cycle of a plant, it undergoes noticeable morphological changes, progressing from the embryonic phase to juvenile and mature stages. These are phases… Read More »Juvenility and Senescence in Plant Growth and Development
With seeds, the independence of the next generation of plants begins. Seeds must germinate and become established to produce the next set of seeds. Nature… Read More »Seed Germination and Dormancy
Biofertilizer is a natural organic fertilizer that provides essential nutrients to plants and enhances soil quality through the activity of beneficial microorganisms. These microorganisms create… Read More »Understanding Biofertilizers and Their Role in Sustainable Agriculture
The term nitrification refers to the conversion of ammonium to nitrate (pathway 3–4). This is brought about by the nitrifying bacteria, which are specialised to… Read More »Nitrification and Its Role in Agricultural Nitrogen Management
The growth of all organisms depends on the availability of mineral nutrients, and none is more important than nitrogen, which is required in large amounts… Read More »Role of Nitrogen in Supporting Agricultural Life and the Biosphere
Pruning or trimming of plant is remover of the unwanted part of a tree. such as excess branches or stems. it can be dead or… Read More »Benefits of Pruning or Trimming of Plant
Many times farmers think it is about buying whichever fungicides but never question themselves about what they are fighting, and which weapon would be perfect!… Read More »Fungicides: 14 Ultimate Guide to Effective Use of Fungicide
As technology advances, so do the agriculture programs available and those currently enrolled in or considering taking a Bachelor of Science in Agriculture should be… Read More »Benefits of Obtaining a Bachelor of Science in Agriculture
Tillage is defined as changing the soil condition with a tool for the benefit of man. After the land has been cleared and plant debris… Read More »Best Agricultural Tillage Practices
As well as losses to crops caused by diseases, animals such as insects and nematodes are significant biotic factors. There are two basic types of… Read More »Introduction to Insect Pests Damage In Crops
There are currently three approaches to controlling plant viruses. Pesticides are used to control the invertebrate vector. This can be environmentally damaging (see the white… Read More »Production of Pest-Resistant Varieties in Crop Protection
Transgenic crops are satisfying needs which crop varieties produced by conventional breeding methods cannot. Some people already affirm that genetic engineering appears as an indispensable… Read More »Constraints on Crop Production in Agriculture
There is a wide range of fungal diseases that can affect all parts of plants. Some fungi cause leaf damage, either leading to a quick… Read More »Fungal Pathogens and Crop Damage
Nematodes are small worm-like organisms (eel-worms), some species of which feed on plants. While some nematode species feed on the aerial parts of plants, most… Read More »Introduction to Nematodes in Agriculture
Micropropagation is the practice of rapidly multiplying stock plant material to produce a large number of progeny plants, using modern plant tissue culture methods. Micropropagation… Read More »The Process of Micropropagation in Plant Propagation Techniques
Storerooms, warehouses, and distribution vehicles should be constructed to prevent access by rodents, insects, and birds, and carefully inspected regularly to ensure that preventative measures… Read More »Importance of Proper Warehouse and Equipment Management in Agriculture
There are four main steps in making a transgenic organism, the process being termed Transformation. There are several sources (donors) of this basic unit for… Read More »Tools of Biotechnology in Agricultural Genetic Transformation: Key Terms Explained
In molecular biology and genetics, mutations are changes in a genomic sequence: the DNA sequence of a cell’s genome or the DNA or RNA sequence… Read More »Mutation and Its Agricultural Significance
Biotechnology is not a new era of scientific endeavour: microorganisms have been used to produce food such as beer, vinegar, yoghurt, and cheese for over… Read More »Introduction to Biotechnology in Agriculture
Consumers increasingly demand a year-round supply of high-quality fruit and vegetables, and this demand has been met in part by the use of refrigerated storage.… Read More »Principles of Controlled Environment in Long-Term Storage of Agricultural Produce
In most cases, agricultural products are stored without further handling for a shorter or longer period. Unfortunately, losses of 25 percent for stored grain crops… Read More »Store Environment and Treatment in Agricultural Storage Management
Transportation systems are important in moving fresh produce from production areas to distribution points. Transportation facilitates the rapid movement of fresh produce within the horticultural… Read More »Principles of Controlled Environment for Transit in Agricultural Produce Handling
Stored food, both perishable and durable, may be considered an ecosystem, meaning a system that includes a group of organisms and their environment. The interactions… Read More »Environmental Factors Affecting the Post-Harvest Life of Crop Produce
In the field and during storage, crop products are threatened by insects, rodents, birds, and other pests. Additionally, the products may become spoiled through infection… Read More »Storage and Shelf-Life Challenges in Agricultural Crop Products
