Often times, most ruminant animal farmers ask: is there any need for feeding and drinking troughs for ruminants? Well first of all, you as a ruminant farmer need to understand that feeds and water for ruminants should not be placed at just any point in the housing unit.

A well designed feeder and drinker should be provided for the ruminant animals, therefore this literally means that feeding and drinking troughs for ruminant animals is very necessary as this will help in preserving the quality of the feed and make the animals feeds better.

With regards to what type of material the feeding and water troughs should be made of and the way they should be deigned, the material to be used for feeder and drinker depends on the type of your housing construction and the capital involved. Locally, wood can be used to design feed troughs while metal will be used in designing water trough

In designing, both are raised to the level that will be convenient for the ruminant animals to feed and drink water. The feeding and water troughs can also be constructed as part of the housing unit. In this case, concrete and cement is used in the design.

Both are made of a hollow shape attached to the wall of the housing or raised from the floor to a convenient level for the animals. For detailed design, an expert should be constructed.

Concerning how regularly the feeding and water troughs should be cleaned. Ideally, they should be cleaned daily before fresh feed and water is added to them and under no circumstance must one add fresh feed or water to those of the previous day without first cleaning them properly.

However, the material used in the designing will determine whether one will do wet or dry washing. For instance, washing a feeding trough made of wood with water will soon destroy it.

Feeding and Drinking Troughs Benefits to Ruminant Animals

Importance of Feeding and Drinking Troughs for Ruminant Animals

Keeps passage clean and clear
Keeps animal food clean and within reach
Tough and durable product
Rust and corrosion resistant
Encourages animal to eat the whole diet mix
Quicker, more convenient feeding

The importance of keeping water troughs clean

Water troughs are important on the farm for livestock feed and water. However, the maintenance of water troughs is often neglected by farmers.

Water is a vital nutrient and should be given at all times to livestock. Water has many functions in the body such as reproduction, lactation, respiration and digestion.

What affects water quality?

Water that contains algae, waste, excrement and mud discourages the livestock from drinking. Inadequate water supply to livestock results into reduction in milk yield, feed intake, animal health and profitability.

Animals that are fed concentrates tend to contaminate water by feed adhering to the muzzles of the animal. Contaminants enhance the growth of microbes in the water, which reduces the palatability of the water and can lead to diseases.

It is stated that no livestock should consume water containing more than 100 (median value of number of readings over time) faecal coliforms per 100 ml water. In fact, cattle will avoid drinking water that is contaminated with faeces (0.05 mg/g water) when given a choice of clean water (Willms et al 2002).

Design of water troughs

Wood
Used Tyres
Storage drum
Metal tough
Plastic drums
Concrete trough

Simple recommendations and requirements

Water troughs should be placed in areas that are easy to access to the animals and be on the lookout for inspections of dirt. Teagasc’s Ned Loughlin (2016) suggested that the ideal position would be in the middle of the paddocks so that all the livestock have access to the tough (Cummins, 2016).

It is important to have ample space for animals around the toughs because they get aggressive during feed and water intake. Furthermore, there should be enough trough space of about 450mm to allow 10% of the herd to drink simultaneously. One should also consider having more than one tough on the farm especially if you have a lot of livestock.

The best way to clean water troughs

It is recommended by the Agriculture and Rural Development that water troughs should be cleaned at least once every three days. Water troughs that are dirty and contaminated tend to cause diseases and reduce water intake by the animal. Sick livestock should not be allowed to drink from one trough because diseases can easily spread to the health livestock.

Midgley (2017) recommended that troughs should be raised off the ground to prevent wastage and animals from trampling and defecating in the troughs. However, to avoid trampling around the troughs it is vital to put stones and to keep the area dry.

Employ Fish Friends

A few amounts of goldfish can be placed in water tanks to help minimize algae growth and are especially useful for tanks that cannot be emptied and scrubbed easily, such as cement structures.

The fish will survive in the water as long as it is clean and if they died that will give an indication to the farmer that a change of water is needed. Water is an important resource for livestock and can also be a significant expense. The use of water and feed troughs are vital on a farm.

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