14 Medicinal Health Benefits of African Basil (Ocimum Gratissimum)

September 3, 2023 Agric4Profits

Ocimum gratissimum is a herbaceous plant that is native to tropical regions of Africa, Asia, and the Americas. It is part of the Lamiaceae family, which includes other well-known herbs like basil, mint, and rosemary.

Ocimum gratissimum is a member of the basil family and is often called clove basil due to its distinctive aroma resembling that of cloves. This plant is valued for both its culinary and medicinal properties.

Within Africa, Ocimum gratissimum is highly regarded and commonly used in various traditional dishes across the continent. It is particularly prevalent in West African cuisine, where it adds a unique aroma and flavor to soups, stews, and sauces.

Ocimum gratissimum is characterized by its distinctive aroma, which is a blend of cloves and basil. It is often used in traditional medicine and culinary practices in many parts of the world.

This versatile herb is rich in essential oils, flavonoids, and other bioactive compounds, making it a valuable resource for promoting overall health.

Due to its versatile nature and adaptability, Ocimum gratissimum has also found its way into the culinary traditions of other countries, including Brazil, India, and Southeast Asian nations. Its adaptability has allowed it to thrive in diverse climates around the world.

Ocimum gratissimum, also known as clove basil, African basil, or scent leaf, is a perennial herb that boasts an impressive range of phytochemicals and nutrients. Its leaves are characterized by a strong, sweet aroma and a slightly peppery taste, making it a favorite in many culinary dishes.

The historical use of Ocimum gratissimum dates back centuries. Ancient civilizations recognized its healing properties and incorporated it into their traditional remedies. From Egypt to India, this herb was valued for its ability to alleviate various ailments.

Ocimum gratissimum is rich in essential nutrients, including vitamins A and C, calcium, iron, and fiber. Its nutritional profile makes it a valuable addition to a balanced diet.

Ocimum gratissimum is renowned for its strong and captivating aroma. When crushed or rubbed, its leaves release a delightful fragrance that combines elements of clove, basil, and mint. This unique scent is what earned it the nickname “Scent Leaf.”

In terms of flavor, Ocimum gratissimum offers a complex profile. Its leaves have a spicy, slightly peppery taste with hints of clove and anise. This intricate flavor makes it a sought-after ingredient in both savory and sweet dishes.

Global Flavors African Basil Medicinal Plant

Ocimum gratissimum has made its mark on the global culinary scene, and its versatility extends to various cuisines. Let’s take a closer look at how different regions have embraced this herb.

1. West African Delights: In West African cuisine, particularly in countries like Nigeria and Ghana, In Nigerian traditional medicine, it is employed for its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. Ocimum gratissimum is a culinary gem.

It is a key ingredient in traditional soups like Egusi soup and Oha soup, where its unique aroma and flavor enhance the overall dining experience. The leaves are often used fresh, adding a burst of freshness to these hearty dishes.

2. Brazilian Fusion: In Brazil, this herb has found a special place in the hearts and kitchens of many. It plays a significant role in Feijoada, a rich and flavorful black bean stew that is considered the national dish.

Ocimum gratissimum contributes to the complexity of the dish’s flavor, making it a culinary delight. Which is used in folk medicine for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.

3. Asian Infusion: In Southeast Asian cuisine, particularly in countries like Thailand and Indonesia, Ocimum gratissimum is used to add depth to curries, stir-fries, and noodle dishes.

The herb’s aroma and peppery undertones complement the spices commonly found in Asian cooking. In Indian Ayurvedic medicine, it is considered a medicinal herb used for its immune-boosting and digestive properties.

How to Cultivate African Basil Medicinal Plant

If you’re intrigued by the potential benefits of Ocimum gratissimum and want to have a fresh supply on hand, consider growing it in your garden or as a potted herb. Here are some tips for cultivating this herb:

1. Choose the Right Location: Ocimum gratissimum thrives in well-draining soil and requires plenty of sunlight. Choose a sunny spot in your garden or place your potted plant where it can receive at least 6-8 hours of sunlight per day in your garden or use containers if space is limited.

2. Planting: You can start from seeds or cuttings. Plant them in your chosen location and ensure they have enough space to grow. Space them about 12 inches apart if you’re planting multiple herbs.

3. Watering: Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Water your Ocimum gratissimum plant regularly, especially during dry spells, to ensure healthy growth.

4. Pruning: Pruning your Ocimum gratissimum plant can encourage bushier growth and more robust leaves. Pinch off the tips of the stems to promote branching and harvest leaves as needed.

5. Harvesting: Harvest the leaves when they are young and tender for the best flavor and aroma. Use sharp scissors or pruning shears to snip off individual leaves or branches as needed. Be mindful not to strip the plant entirely, as it will continue to produce leaves throughout the growing season.

African Basil Medicinal Plant Varieties

While Ocimum gratissimum is the most well-known species, there are various subspecies and cultivars with unique characteristics. Some of these include:

1. Ocimum gratissimum (Lemon Basil): Lemon basil offers a refreshing citrus note, making it a fantastic addition to salads and seafood dishes.

2. Holy Basil (Ocimum sanctum): Also known as “Tulsi” in India, this variety of Ocimum gratissimum is highly revered for its spiritual and medicinal properties. It is often used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine for its adaptogenic and stress-relieving qualities.

3. African Basil (Ocimum gratissimum var. gratissimum): This is the most widely recognized variety of Ocimum gratissimum, known for its strong, intense green leaves and robust flavor, making it a favorite for culinary use and aroma. It is commonly used in African and Southeast Asian cuisines to add flavor to various dishes.

4. East Indian Basil (Ocimum gratissimum var. pilosum): This variety is often used in traditional medicine in East India. It is believed to have anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties and is used for the relief of pain and discomfort.

5. Clove Basil (Ocimum gratissimum var. americanum): Clove basil is named for its aroma, which resembles that of cloves. It is used in cooking and is believed to have antibacterial properties. This subspecies has a hint of clove in its flavor profile, adding a delightful twist to your dishes.

African Basil Medicinal Plant Alternatives

While Ocimum gratissimum offers various potential benefits, it is essential to recognize that there are alternative herbs and remedies available for those who may prefer to explore different options. Here are some alternatives worth considering:

1. Basil (Ocimum basilicum): If you’re drawn to the aromatic and culinary aspects of Ocimum gratissimum, you can opt for the more common basil, also known as sweet basil. It is widely used in cooking and has a milder flavor, making it a versatile herb in the kitchen.

2. Peppermint (Mentha x piperita): For digestive issues, peppermint is a popular choice. It can help alleviate symptoms like indigestion, bloating, and gas. Peppermint tea or essential oil can be soothing for these concerns.

3. Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia): When it comes to relaxation and stress relief, lavender is a well-known herb. It’s often used in aromatherapy, and lavender tea can promote relaxation and better sleep.

4. Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla): Chamomile is renowned for its calming properties. It’s often used to soothe anxiety, promote better sleep, and alleviate digestive discomfort. Chamomile tea is a popular and readily available option.

5. Aloe Vera (Aloe barbadensis miller): If you’re looking for skin remedies, aloe vera is an excellent choice. It’s known for its soothing and healing properties, especially for sunburns and minor skin irritations.

6. Ginger (Zingiber officinale): Ginger is a go-to option for nausea and digestive upset. Ginger tea or ginger candies can help alleviate symptoms of motion sickness, morning sickness, or general nausea.

7. Turmeric (Curcuma longa): For its anti-inflammatory properties, turmeric has gained popularity. It is often used in cooking and can be incorporated into a variety of dishes.

8. Echinacea (Echinacea purpurea): Echinacea is well-regarded for its potential immune-boosting properties. It is commonly taken in supplement form or used in herbal teas.

9. Ginseng (Panax ginseng): If you’re seeking an energy and vitality boost, ginseng is a traditional herb known for its adaptogenic properties. It can help improve endurance and reduce fatigue.

10. Valerian (Valeriana officinalis): Valerian is often used to address sleep disorders and anxiety. It is available in supplement form or as a tea.

The Medicinal Health Benefits of African Basil (Ocimum Gratissimum)

14 Medicinal Health Benefits of African Basil (Ocimum Gratissimum)

Ocimum gratissimum, with its rich history in traditional medicine, has made its mark as a potent healing herb. Let’s look into some of its remarkable health benefits.

1. Anti-Inflammatory Effects: Ocimum gratissimum possesses potent anti-inflammatory properties, thanks to its high content of eugenol, a natural compound also found in cloves.

These anti-inflammatory effects can help alleviate various conditions, such as arthritis and inflammatory bowel diseases.

2. Immune System Booster: The herb is known for its immune-boosting properties, primarily due to its rich antioxidant content. Regular consumption of Ocimum gratissimum can help strengthen the immune system, making the body more resilient to infections and diseases.

3. Digestive Aid: Ocimum gratissimum is often used to improve digestion and relieve gastrointestinal discomfort. Its leaves contain compounds that stimulate the production of digestive enzymes, aiding in the breakdown of food and reducing the chances of bloating and indigestion, promoting better overall digestive health

4. Antimicrobial Properties: The herb’s antimicrobial properties make it effective against a wide range of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. It can be used topically to treat skin infections or internally to combat respiratory infections.

5. Skin Health and Beauty: The herb’s anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties extend to your skin. You can create a homemade skin tonic by mixing a few drops of Ocimum gratissimum essential oil with a carrier oil like coconut or jojoba oil.

Applying a paste made from crushed Ocimum gratissimum leaves can soothe irritations, acne, reduce redness, and promote a healthy complexion. Additionally, its essential oil can be used in skincare routines to combat acne and other skin conditions.

6. Respiratory Health: Ocimum gratissimum has been traditionally used to alleviate respiratory issues such as coughs, colds, and asthma. Its natural expectorant properties help clear the airways and relieve congestion.

Inhaling the aroma of its essential oil or the steam of hot water infused with Ocimum gratissimum leaves. This can help relieve congestion, ease breathing difficulties, and provide relief from common cold symptoms.

7. Weight Management: Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial for overall well-being. Consuming Ocimum gratissimum may support weight management due to its role in improving digestion and reducing inflammation.

By promoting better nutrient absorption, it can help regulate appetite and prevent overeating.

8. Cardiovascular Health: The heart benefits from Ocimum gratissimum as well. Its antioxidant compounds can help lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Including this herb in your diet may contribute to a healthier heart.

9. Stress Reduction: In our fast-paced world, stress is a constant companion. Ocimum gratissimum’s calming aroma can help alleviate stress and anxiety. Diffusing its essential oil or adding a few leaves to your tea can provide a sense of relaxation and tranquility.

10. Combating Infections: Ocimum gratissimum possesses natural antibacterial and antifungal properties, making it a valuable ally in the fight against infections. It can help prevent the growth of harmful microorganisms in the body.

11. Blood Sugar Control: For those concerned about blood sugar levels, this herb may offer some assistance. Research suggests that Ocimum gratissimum may help regulate blood sugar, making it beneficial for individuals with diabetes or those at risk.

12. Promoting Mental Clarity: The aromatic compounds found in Ocimum gratissimum’s essential oil have been shown to enhance mental clarity and concentration. Whether you’re studying for an exam or simply need to stay focused during a busy day, this herb can be a valuable asset.

13. Hair Care: If you’re looking to improve the health of your hair, Ocimum gratissimum can be used in hair care routines. Infuse the leaves in warm water and use the liquid as a final rinse after shampooing to strengthen hair and promote shine.

14. Pain Relief: For centuries, this herb has been used as a natural pain reliever. Whether it’s headaches, muscle pain, or toothaches, the analgesic properties of Ocimum gratissimum can provide much-needed relief.

The Methods of Usage to Achieve the Provided Health Benefits of African Basil (Ocimum Gratissimum)

1. Herbal Tea: Brewing Ocimum gratissimum leaves into a herbal tea is a popular method. Simply steep a few leaves in hot water, and you have a soothing and health-boosting beverage.

2. Capsule Supplements: For a convenient option, you can find Ocimum gratissimum supplements in capsule form at health food stores. However, consult with a healthcare professional before adding any new supplement to your routine.

3. Aromatherapy: Aromatherapy enthusiasts can benefit from the calming and stress-relieving effects of Ocimum gratissimum essential oil. Extracting the essential oil from this herb allows for topical applications.

Diluted with a carrier oil, it can be massaged onto sore muscles or used for aromatherapy and promote mental clarity and relaxation.. By using a diffuser or adding a few drops to your bath, you can create a soothing atmosphere in your home.

4. Culinary Uses: In addition to its health benefits, Ocimum gratissimum adds a unique flavor to your dishes. It’s a common ingredient in many African and Asian cuisines, contributing a spicy and slightly sweet aroma.

Incorporating Ocimum gratissimum into your cooking is a flavorful way to enjoy its benefits. Add it to soups, stews, and sauces for a unique twist. Here are some creative ways to incorporate it into your culinary adventures:

4a. Soups and Stews: Add fresh Ocimum gratissimum leaves to your soups and stews to infuse them with a delightful aroma and flavor. In West African cuisine, Ocimum gratissimum is a star ingredient in soups like Egusi Soup and Efo Riro.

It pairs especially well with tomato-based dishes. Its aromatic punch enhances the overall flavor profile of these hearty dishes.

4b. Marinades: Create tantalizing marinades by blending Ocimum gratissimum leaves with garlic, ginger, and other herbs. This mixture can be used to marinate meats or vegetables before grilling or roasting.

4c. Aromatic Rice: Add a handful of fresh Ocimum gratissimum leaves to your rice cooker for an aromatic twist to your rice. It pairs beautifully with dishes like jollof rice or biryani.

5. Herbal Butter: Mix finely chopped Ocimum gratissimum leaves with softened butter to create a fragrant and flavorful spread for bread or baked potatoes.

6. Natural Insect Repellent: Ocimum gratissimum is also known for its ability to repel insects. Crushed leaves or diluted essential oil can be applied to your skin as a natural alternative to commercial insect repellents.

7. Hair and Skin Care: This herb can be a valuable addition to your beauty routine. Incorporate it into hair masks, facial scrubs, or lotions to promote healthy hair and skin.

Read Also: Pests of Stored Products and Damages Caused

The Side Effects of Using African Basil Medicinal Plant

While Ocimum gratissimum offers a multitude of benefits, it is essential to be aware of potential side effects.

1. Allergic Reactions: Some individuals may be allergic to Ocimum gratissimum. Allergic reactions can range from mild skin irritation to severe symptoms like difficulty breathing or swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat. If you experience any allergic reactions, discontinue use immediately and seek medical attention.

2. Gastrointestinal Distress: In some cases, consuming Ocimum gratissimum in large quantities or for an extended period may lead to gastrointestinal distress.

This can include symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or abdominal pain. To avoid these issues, it’s essential to use the herb in moderation.

3. Skin Irritation: When applying Ocimum gratissimum topically, it is possible to experience skin irritation, especially if you have sensitive skin. To reduce the risk of skin irritation, always dilute the essential oil or herb with a carrier oil before use.

Precautions and Recommendations in Using African Basil Medicinal Plant

When using Ocimum gratissimum for its potential health benefits, it is crucial to ensure that you are getting a high-quality product. Here are some tips for quality control:

1. Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Pregnant and breastfeeding individuals should exercise caution when considering the use of Ocimum gratissimum. Limited research is available on its safety during pregnancy and breastfeeding,

so it is advisable to consult a healthcare provider before use to err on the side of caution to protect both maternal and fetal health.

2. Dosage and Administration: When using Ocimum gratissimum, always follow the recommended dosage instructions provided on the product label or as advised by a qualified healthcare professional. Avoid excessive consumption, as it may lead to unwanted side effects.

3. Storage and Shelf Life: To maintain the herb’s potency, store it in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Be sure to check the expiration date on the packaging and discard any expired products.

4. Quality Matters: When purchasing Ocimum gratissimum products, whether it’s dried leaves or essential oil, prioritize quality. Choose reputable brands that adhere to strict quality control standards. This ensures that you’re getting a safe and potent product.

5. Start with Small Amounts: If you’re new to using Ocimum gratissimum, start with a small amount to assess your tolerance and check for any adverse reactions. Gradually increase the dosage as needed, but always stay within the recommended guidelines.

6. Keep it Natural: Whenever possible, opt for the natural form of Ocimum gratissimum, such as dried leaves or fresh herbs. These forms are less likely to contain additives or preservatives that can be potentially harmful.

7. Monitor for Side Effects: While Ocimum gratissimum is generally safe, it’s crucial to be vigilant about any side effects. If you experience unusual symptoms like nausea, dizziness, or skin irritation after use, discontinue immediately and seek medical advice if necessary.

8. Consult a Herbalist or Naturopath: If you’re unsure about how to incorporate Ocimum gratissimum into your wellness routine or if you have specific health concerns, consider consulting a qualified herbalist or naturopathic practitioner. They can provide personalized guidance based on your individual needs.

9. Check the Source: Purchase Ocimum gratissimum products from reputable sources that follow good manufacturing practices. This reduces the risk of contamination and ensures product consistency.

10. Read Labels: Pay close attention to product labels for dosage instructions, expiration dates, and any potential allergen warnings. Following these guidelines will help you use the product safely.

11. Dilution: When using the essential oil, always dilute it with a suitable carrier oil to prevent skin irritation. A common ratio is one to three drops of essential oil per tablespoon of carrier oil.

12. Patch Test: Perform a patch test on a small area of your skin before applying it more broadly. This helps you determine if you have any allergic reactions or skin sensitivities.

13. Children and Infants: The use of Ocimum gratissimum in children and infants is generally not recommended. Their developing systems may react differently to herbal remedies, and it’s best to consult with a pediatrician before use.

14. Moderation is Key: As with any herbal remedy, moderation is crucial. Excessive consumption of Ocimum gratissimum may lead to digestive discomfort or other adverse reactions. Stick to recommended dosages and consult with a healthcare professional if you have any concerns.

15. Blood Sugar Regulation: If you have diabetes or are taking medications to control blood sugar, consult with a healthcare professional before adding Ocimum gratissimum to your diet. It may interact with your medications and require adjustments.

16. Medication Interactions: Ocimum gratissimum may interact with certain medications, including blood thinners and anticoagulants. If you are taking any prescription medications, consult with your healthcare provider to ensure there are no potential interactions.

FAQs About African Basil Medicinal Plant

1. Can I grow Ocimum gratissimum indoors?

While Ocimum gratissimum thrives in outdoor conditions, you can grow it indoors in pots near a sunny window. Ensure it receives adequate sunlight.

2. Are there any age restrictions for using Ocimum gratissimum?

There are generally no age restrictions for using Ocimum gratissimum. However, it is recommended to consult a healthcare professional for children and infants.

3. Can I use Ocimum gratissimum for aromatherapy?

Yes, Ocimum gratissimum essential oil can be used for aromatherapy. It can help relieve stress and promote relaxation when diffused.

4. Is Ocimum gratissimum easy to maintain in a garden?

Yes, this herb is relatively low-maintenance and easy to grow, making it an excellent choice for both novice and experienced gardeners.

5. Where can I find more information about Ocimum gratissimum cultivation and usage?

You can explore gardening books, online forums, and local gardening clubs for additional tips and advice on growing and using Ocimum gratissimum.

6. Is Ocimum gratissimum safe for consumption?

Yes, when used in moderation, Ocimum gratissimum is generally safe for consumption. However, it’s advisable to consult with a healthcare professional, especially if you have any underlying medical conditions or are pregnant.

7. Can Ocimum gratissimum be used as a substitute for regular basil in recipes?

While it has a similar aroma, Ocimum gratissimum has a stronger flavor compared to regular basil. It can be used as a substitute in some recipes, but the quantity may need to be adjusted to avoid overpowering the dish.

8. Are there any side effects associated with Ocimum gratissimum?

In some cases, excessive consumption of Ocimum gratissimum may lead to digestive discomfort. It’s best to use it in moderation and monitor your body’s response.

9. Where can I find fresh Ocimum gratissimum leaves or essential oil?

Fresh leaves can often be found in specialty grocery stores or farmers’ markets. Essential oil can be purchased from health food stores or online retailers that specialize in essential oils.

10. Can Ocimum gratissimum be used topically for skincare?

Yes, the antimicrobial properties of Ocimum gratissimum make it suitable for topical applications. However, it should be diluted with a carrier oil to avoid skin irritation.

11. How do I store fresh Ocimum gratissimum leaves for maximum freshness?

To preserve the freshness of the leaves, store them in a sealed plastic bag in the refrigerator. Alternatively, you can freeze the leaves in an airtight container for longer-term storage.

12. Can Ocimum gratissimum be used to relieve stress and anxiety?

Yes, the aroma of Ocimum gratissimum leaves or essential oil can have a calming effect and may help reduce stress and anxiety. You can use it in aromatherapy or create a relaxing environment by diffusing the oil.

13. Are there any cultural or traditional uses of Ocimum gratissimum?

Yes, in many African and Asian cultures, Ocimum gratissimum has traditional uses beyond its medicinal properties. It is often used in rituals, ceremonies, and spiritual practices.

14. Can children safely consume Ocimum gratissimum?

While it is generally safe for adults, the use of Ocimum gratissimum in children should be supervised by adults and limited to small quantities in culinary preparations.

15. Are there any ongoing research studies on the potential health benefits of Ocimum gratissimum?

Yes, researchers continue to study the medicinal properties of Ocimum gratissimum, exploring its potential applications in areas such as cancer prevention, cardiovascular health, and more. Stay updated on the latest scientific findings in this field.

16. Is Ocimum gratissimum safe for consumption?

Yes, when used in moderation, Ocimum gratissimum is generally safe for consumption. However, it is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional, especially if you have any underlying medical conditions or are pregnant.

17. Can Ocimum gratissimum be used as a substitute for regular basil in recipes?

18. Are there any side effects associated with Ocimum gratissimum?

In some cases, excessive consumption of Ocimum gratissimum may lead to digestive discomfort. It’s best to use it in moderation and monitor your body’s response.

19. Where can I find fresh Ocimum gratissimum leaves or essential oil?

Fresh leaves can often be found in specialty grocery stores or farmers’ markets. Essential oil can be purchased from health food stores or online retailers that specialize in essential oils.

20. Can Ocimum gratissimum be used topically for skincare?

Yes, the antimicrobial properties of Ocimum gratissimum make it suitable for topical applications. However, it should be diluted with a carrier oil to avoid skin irritation.

21. Is Ocimum gratissimum safe for pregnant women?

Pregnant women should consult with a healthcare professional before using Ocimum gratissimum to ensure it is safe for their specific situation.

22. Can I use Ocimum gratissimum essential oil directly on my skin?

It is advisable to dilute Ocimum gratissimum essential oil with a carrier oil before applying it to the skin to avoid potential irritation.

23. Are there any known drug interactions with Ocimum gratissimum supplements?

Always consult with a healthcare provider if you are taking medications to ensure there are no adverse interactions with Ocimum gratissimum supplements.

24. Can I grow Ocimum gratissimum at home?

Yes, you can easily grow Ocimum gratissimum in your herb garden or even in a pot indoors.

25. What is the recommended daily dosage of Ocimum gratissimum supplements?

The recommended dosage may vary depending on the product and individual needs. Consult the product label or a healthcare professional for guidance.